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Helicopter EMS beyond Trauma: Utilization of Air Transport for Non-Trauma Conditions

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2013年第12期4卷 511-524页

作者： Stephen H. Thomas Lori J. Whelan emily williams Loren Brown Department of Emergency Medicine University of Oklahoma College of Medicine Tulsa USA

Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) use in civilian medical transport has its roots in the use of rotor-wing trauma transport in the military setting. Much of the literature and evidence based?on the use of HEMS is therefore related to scene and interfacility transport of injured patients. Regionalization of care and increased understanding of time-criticality of various non-trauma conditions has contributed to growing utilization of HEMS for non-trauma conditions over recent decades. It is common for HEMS to be utilized for a variety of non-trauma situations ranging from neonatal and obstetrics transports to cardiac and stroke transports. The purpose of this review is to overview the use of HEMS for non-trauma, focusing on situations in which there is evidence addressing possible HEMS utility.

关键词： Helicopter Emergency Medical Services Air Medical Transport Prehospital Care

Weight Bias: Twitter as a Tool for Opening Dialogue among Broad Audiences

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Social Networking 2018年第3期7卷 111-125页

作者： emily P. williams Shelly Russell-Mayhew Sarah Nutter Nancy Arthur Anusha Kassan Werklund School of Education University of Calgary Calgary Canada

Twitter is a tool for strengthening research knowledge mobilization to the general public. In this article, we highlight how Twitter can be used to open social dialogue about research related topics between users from multiple perspectives, using the topic of weight bias;a cultural issue largely perpetuated by the media. Specifically, Twitter (@UCalgary Body BS) was used by an interdisciplinary research team to under line cases of global news, stories, and policy related to weight bias and/or weight-related issues for a broad audience to consume. We position Twitter as a relevant means for 1) shaping the research lifecycle, 2) increasing community participation and engagement regarding specific research topics, 3) co-creating evolving social dialogues and critique, 4) reaching broader audiences, 5) opening up sites of debate and tension within a topic, and 6) engaging with a topic salient within our society, a topic that saturates the media—weight bias.

关键词： Twitter Social Media Social Networking Weight Bias Knowledge Mobilization Opening Dialogue

Low melting point MCP-69, MCP-96, MCP-137, and MCP-200 alloys for radiation protection in radiological and therapeutic processes

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Radiation Medicine and Protection 2022年第4期3卷 175-182页

作者： Michael W.Perrigin Kendall A.williams Brandon K.Wright Malaika Maqbool emily Caffrey Remo George Ghafar Ali Muhammad Maqbool Health Physics Program Department of Clinical&Diagnostic SciencesThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Sciences Program Department of Clinical&Diagnostic SciencesThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA iomedical Sciences Program Department of Clinical&Diagnostic SciencesThe University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Nanomaterials Research Group Physics DivisionPINSTECHIslamabadPakistan

Objective To evaluate the low melting-point MCP-69,MCP-96,MCP-137,and MCP-200 alloys,and characterize them for their potential to protect from the harms associated with radiation and eliminate radiation hazards during radiological procedures and treatment of *** The Klein-Nishina formula was used to calculate the electronic and atomic cross-sections of these alloys using photon beams with energies 4,6,9,12,and 18*** transfer coefficients,Compton mass attenuation coefficient,mass-energy transfer coefficient,and recoil energy of electrons in the specific photon energies of 4–18MeV were *** alloys'effective charge number and the photon energy were key factors in determining the properties found by utilizing the Klein-Nishina formula and Compton *** The cross sections and energy transfer coefficients increased with the increasing effective charge number Z of the alloys and decreased as the photon energy *** Compton recoil of the ejected electrons was observed to have a direct relationship with photon energy,but mass-energy transfer decreased with increasing photon *** alloys can replace the toxic lead for environmentally cleaned radiation *** These calculations and characteristics of the MCP alloys can help further determine their viability as materials for radiation shielding,their use in safe cancer diagnosis,treatment,and environmental hazards protection.

关键词： MCP alloys Klein-Nishina formula Cross-sections Radiation shielding Safe cancer diagnosis and treatment

Do medical students studying in the United Kingdom have an adequate factual knowledge of basic life support?

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2019年第2期10卷 75-80页

作者： Robert D.Willmore Damjan Veljanoski Feray Ozdes Bethan Stephens James Mooney Seamus G.Crumley Arpan Doshi Philippa Davies Shreya Badhrinarayanan emily Day Kristian Tattam April Wilson Nathan Crang Lorna Green Craig A.Mounsey Howell Fu Joseph williams Michelle S.D'souza Dhanya Sebastian Liam A.Mcgiveron Matthew G.Percy James Cohen Imogen J.John Alice Lethbridge Imogen Watkins Omar Amin Mubasher A.Qamar John Gerrard Hanrahan emily Cramond-Wong Barts Health NHS Trust Barts & the London Medical School Queen Mary University of London Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia Lancaster Medical School Lancaster University School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences Queen's University Belfast Faculty of Medicine University of St Andrews Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health University of Sheffi eld Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust St George's University of London University of Liverpool School of Medicine University of Exeter medical school Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton Medical Sciences Division University of Oxford University of Edinburgh Medical School Faculty of Medicine University of Warwick University College London Medical School Cardiff University School of Medicine College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow Guys Kings and St Thomas School of Medicine King’s College London Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine King's College London Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Nottingham

BACKGROUND: Healthcare professionals have a duty to maintain basic life support(BLS) skills. This study aims to evaluate medical students' factual knowledge of BLS and the training they ***: A cross-sectional, closed-response questionnaire was distributed to the fi rst-and fourth-year students studying at institutions in the United Kingdom. The paper questionnaire sought to quantify respondent's previous BLS training, factual knowledge of the BLS algorithm using five multiple choice questions(MCQs), and valuate their desire for further BLS training. Students received 1 point for each correctly identifi ed answer to the 5 MCQ'***: A total of 3,732 complete responses were received from 21 medical schools. Eighty percent(n=2,999) of students completed a BLS course as part of their undergraduate medical studies. There was a signifi cant difference(P<0.001) in the percentage of the fourth-year students selecting the correct answer in all the MCQ's compared to the fi rst-year students except in identifyingthe correct depth of compressions required during CPR(P=0.095). Overall 10.3%(95% CI 9.9% to 10.7%) of respondents correctly identified the answer to 5 MCQ's on BLS: 9% of the first-year students(n=194) and 12% of the fourth-year students(n=190). On an institutional level the proportion of students answering all MCQ's correctly ranged from 2% to 54% at different universities. Eighty-one percent of students(n=3,031) wished for more BLS training in their ***: Factual knowledge of BLS is poor among medical students in the UK. There is a disparity in standards of knowledge across institutions and respondents indicating that they would like more training.

关键词： Emergency Medicine Basic life support Medical education Resuscitation

GREENHOUSE GAS AND AMMONIA EMISSION MITIGATION PRIORITIES FOR UK POLICY TARGETS

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第2期10卷 268-280页

作者： Sarah BUCKINGHAM Cairistiona F.E.TOPP Pete SMITH Vera EORY David R.CHADWICK Christina K.BAXTER Joanna M.CLOY Shaun CONNOLLY emily C.COOLEDGE Nicholas J.COWAN Julia DREWER Colm DUFFY Naomi JFOX Asma JEBARI Becky JENKINS Dominika J.KROL Karina A.MARSDEN Graham A.MCAULIFFE Steven J.MORRISON Vincent O'FLAHERTY Rachael RAMSEY Karl G.RICHARDS Rainer ROEHE Jo SMITH Kate SMITH Taro TAKAHASHI Rachel E.THORMAN John williams Jeremy WILTSHIRE Robert M.REES Scotland’s Rural College EdinburghEH93JGUK Institute of Biological&Environmental Sciences AberdeenAB243UUUK School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangorGwyneddLL572DGUK Agricultural Development and Advisory Service(ADAS) BoxworthCambridgeCB234NNUK School of Biological and Chemical Sciences University of GalwayH91 TK33Ireland Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bush EstateMidlothianEH260QBUK The James Hutton Institute DundeeDD25DAUK Rothamsted Research North WykeOkehamptonDevonEX202SBUK Ricardo Energy&Environment HarwellOxonOX110QRUK Environment Soils and Land Use DepartmentTeagascCounty WexfordY35 TC97Ireland Agri-food and Biosciences Institute HillsboroughCounty DownBT266DRUK Bristol Veterinary School University of BristolSomersetBS405DUUK

Agriculture is essential for providing food and maintaining food security while concurrently delivering multiple other ecosystem services. However,agricultural systems are generally a net source of greenhouse gases and ammonia. They, therefore, need to substantively contribute to climate change mitigation and net zero ambitions. It is widely acknowledged that there is a need to further reduce and mitigate emissions across sectors, including agriculture to address the climate emergency and emissions gap. This discussion paper outlines a collation of opinions from a range of experts within agricultural research and advisory roles following a greenhouse gas and ammonia emission mitigation workshop held in the UK in March 2022. The meeting identified the top mitigation priorities within the UK's agricultural sector to achieve reductions in greenhouse gases and ammonia that are compatible with policy targets. In addition, experts provided an overview of what they believe are the key knowledge gaps, future opportunities and cobenefits to mitigation practices as well as indicating the potential barriers to uptake for mitigation scenarios discussed.

关键词： agriculture ammonia greenhouse gas mitigation net zero

Abstracts from the 15th International Myopia Conference

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Eye and Vision 2016年第1期3卷 211-221页

作者： Alexandra Benavente-Perez Ann Nour Tobin Ansel Kathleen Abarr Luying Yan Keisha Roden David Troilo Chanyi Lu Miaozhen Pan Min Zheng Jia Qu Xiangtian Zhou Christine F. Wildsoet Fan Lu Jie Chen Jinhua Bao Liang Hu Qinmei Wang Zibing Jin Frances Rucker Stephanie Britton Stephan Hanowsky Molly Spatcher Hui-Ying Kuo Ching-Hsiu Ke I-Hsin Kuo Chien-Chun Peng Han-Yin Sun Ian G. Morgan Jeremy A. Guggenheim Rupal L. Shah Cathy williams Jinglei Yang Peter S. Reinach Sen Zhang Wenfeng Sun Bo Liu Fen Li Xiaoqing Li Aihua Zhao Tianlu Chen Wei Jia Jun Jiang Haoran Wu Kazuo Tsubota Hiroko Ozawa Hidemasa Torii Shigemasa Takamizawa Toshihide Kurihara Kazuno Negishi Klaus Graef Daniel Rathbun Frank Schaeffel Ladan Ghodsi William K. Stell Machelle T. Pardue Ranjay Chakraborty Han na Park Curran S. Sidhu P. Michael Iuvone Michael J Collins Nethrajeith Srinvasalu Sally A. McFadden Paul N. Baird Pablo Artal Pauline Cho SW Cheung Pei-Chang Wu Quan V. Hoang Duk C. Lee Erica G. Landis Michael A. Bergen Curran Sidhu Samer Hattar Richard A. Stone Ravi Metlapally Ruiqin Li Qinglin Xu Hong Zhong Chenglin Pan Weizhong Lan Xiaoning Li Ling Chen Zhikuan Yang Scott A. Read Seang-Mei Saw Shi-Jun Weng Xiao-Hua Wu Kang-Wei Qian Yun-Yun Li Guo-Zhong Xu Furong Huang Xiong-Li Yang Yong-Mei Zhong Earl L Smith, III Baskar Arumugam Li-Fang Hung Lisa A. Ostrin Klaus Trier Monica Jong Brien A. Holden Thomas Chuen Lam Samantha Shan Bing Zuo Dennis Yan-yin Tse Jingfang Bian King-Kit Li Quan Liu Chi-ho To Timothy J. Gawne John T. Siegwart, Jr. Alexander H. Ward Thomas T. Norton Yan Zhang Yue Liu Carol Ho Eileen Phan Abraham Hang emily Eng Christine Wildsoet Department of Biological Sciences SUNY College of Optometry New York NY 10036 USA School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325027 China Center for Eye Disease & Development School of Optometry & Vision Science Program University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720-2020 USA Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325027 China Biomedical Science and Disease New England College of Optom Boston MA USA School of Optometry Chung Shan Medical University Taichung City 402 Taiwan Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Taichung City 402 Taiwan Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra Australia State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Division of Preventive Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China School of Optometry & Vision Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK School of Social and Community Medicine University of Bristol Bristol UK School of and Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325027 China State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base and Key Laboratory of Vision Science Ministry of Health and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Optometry Wenzhou Zhejiang 325027 People’s Republic of China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus and Center for Translational Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital Shanghai 200233 China Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325027 China Department of Ophthalmology Keio University School of Medicine Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 160-8582 Japan General Medicine Ichikawa Medical Center Urayasu City Chiba 279-0001 Japan Ophthalmic Research Institute University of Tuebingen 72076 Tuebingen Germany Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Tuebingen 72076 Tuebingen Germany Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience Otfried-Mueller-Straße 25 Tueb

To assess the peripheral refractive changes that occur when eye growth decelerates in *** We measured peripheral refraction and on-axis vitreous chamber depth on a total of 53 marmosets;36 treated monocularly for 12 weeks 9 hrs/day(26 with-5 D contact lenses,10 with+5 D)and 17 untreated *** the 26 marmosets treated with-5 D,10 wore contact lenses 9 hrs/day without interruptions and were mea-sured at the end of 10 weeks of treatment(T10)and after 4 weeks of recovery(R14).Eight had both contact lenses removed for 30 mins twice/day(mid-morning and mid-afternoon)during the first four weeks of treatment(early interruption group)and eight had the lenses removed during the second four weeks of treatment(late interruption group).The two interruption groups were measured after 4,8 and 12 weeks of treatment only(T4,T8,T12).

关键词： removed treatment untreated