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The Public Water Supply Protection Value of Forests: A Watershed-Scale Ecosystem Services Analysis Based upon Total Organic Carbon

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Open Journal of Ecology 2014年第9期4卷 517-531页

作者： emile elias David Laband Mark Dougherty Graeme Lockaby Puneet Srivastava Hugo Rodriguez Biosystems Engineering Auburn University Auburn USA Forestry and Wildlife Science Department Auburn University Auburn USA School of Economics Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA Tetra Tech Inc. Atlanta USA USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range New Mexico State University Las Cruces USA

We developed a cost-based methodology to assess the value of forested watersheds to improve water quality in public water supplies. The developed methodology is applicable to other source watersheds to determine ecosystem services for water quality. We assess the value of forest land for source water mitigation of total organic carbon (TOC) through the use of linked watershed and reservoir simulation models and cost-based valuation economics. Watershed modeling results indicated that expected urbanization will increase TOC loads to Converse Reservoir (Mobile, AL). Reservoir model results indicated that future median TOC concentrations increased by 1.1 mg·L-1 between 1992 and 2020 at the source water intake. Depending upon dynamic reservoir TOC concentrations, additional drinking water treatment with powdered activated carbon (PAC) often is necessary between May and October to comply with Safe Drinking Water Act regulations. The cost for additional treatment was calculated using minimum and maximum volume treated with simulated TOC concentrations at the source water intake. Daily simulated TOC concentrations for the base scenario using 1992 land cover (3% urban) were compared with simulated TOC concentrations following forest to urban land conversion predicted in the watershed by 2020 (22% urban). The daily cost for additional drinking water treatment with PAC was calculated if simulated TOC concentrations exceeded 2.7 mg·L-1. The mean increase in daily treatment costs between base and future scenarios ranged from $91 to $95 per km2 per day for forest land water purification ecosystem services.

关键词： Ecosystem Services Water Quality Drinking Water Treatment Urbanization Land Use Change

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The Land- Potential Knowledge System (LandPKS): mobile apps and collaboration for optimizing climate change investments

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2016年第3期2卷 31-38页

作者： Jeffrey E.Herrick Adam Beh Edmundo Barrios Ioana Bouvier Marina Coetzee David Dent emile elias Tomislav Hengl Jason W.Karl Hanspeter Liniger John Matuszak Jason CNeff Lilian Wangui Ndungu Michael Obersteiner Keith D.Shepherd Kevin C.Urama Rik van den Bosch Nicholas P.Webb U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service New Mexico State UniversityJornada Experimental Range MSC 3JERBox 30003Las CrucesNew Mexico 88003-8003 USA World Agroforestry Centre United Nations AvenueGigiriP.O.Box 30677Nairobi00100Kenya U.S.Agency for International Development 3014th StreetSW SA-44(Rm 848)WashingtonD.C.20024 USA Namibia University of Science and Technology 13 Storch StreetPrivate Bag 13388WindhoekNamibia Merchants of Light Ltd Forncett EndNorfolkEngland ISRIC-World Soil information Droevendaalsesteeg 36708PB WageningenThe Netherlands Center for the development and Environment University of BernHallerstrasse 103012BernSwitzerland U.S.Department of State/OES 2201 C St.NWWashingtonD.C.20520USA Environmental Studies Program University of Colorado at BoulderCampus Box 397BoulderColorado 80309 USA RCMRD SERVIR-Eastern&Southern AfricaP.O.Box 63200618 RuarakaNairobiKenya International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Schlossplatz 1 A-2361LaxenburgAustria African Development Bank Avenue Jean-Paul II01 BP 1387Abidjan 01Côte d’Ivoire

Massive investments in climate change mitigation and adaptation are projected during coming *** of these investments will seek to modify how land is *** return on both types of investments can be increased through an understanding of land potential:the potential of the land to support primary production and ecosystem services,and its resilience.A Land-Potential Knowledge System(LandPKS)is being developed and implemented to provide individual users with point-based estimates of land potential based on the integration of simple,geo-tagged user inputs with cloud-based information and *** system will rely on mobile phones for knowledge and information exchange,and use cloud computing to integrate,interpret,and access relevant knowledge and information,including local knowledge about land with similar *** system will initially provide management options based on long-term land potential,which depends on climate,to-pography,and relatively static soil properties,such as soil texture,depth,and *** mod-ules will provide more specific management information based on the status of relatively dynamic soil properties such as organic matter and nutrient content,and of *** paper includes a discus-sion of how this system can be used to help distinguish between meteorological and edaphic drought.

关键词： agriculture analytics crowdsourcing expert systems extension knowledge management land evaluation land-use planning mobile apps sustainability sustainable land management

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Biochemical and Oxidative Stress Parameters of Broilers Fed Meal and Protein Isolate of <i>Mucuna pruriens</i>Seeds

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2021年第2期11卷 354-368页

作者： Mweugang Ngouopo Nathalie Miegoue emile Youssoufa Tchoubou Yacouba Manga Pelyang Maurice Madjou Solange Njintang Yanou Nicolas Nukenine elias Nchiwan Fonteh Anyangwe Florence Pamo Tedonkeng Etienne Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Zootechnic Animal Nutrition and Production Research Unit Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences Universi-ty of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean) represents an interesting source of protein poorly studied. The effect of dietary inclusion of meal and protein isolate of Mucuna seeds on biochemical and oxidative stress parameter of broilers (135-one-day Cobb500 chickens) was investigated. Three isonitrogenous diets were formulated from soya bean meal (Control group: RTS), Mucuna meal (coded RFM) and Mucuna protein isolate (coded RIM). Each of the dietary treatments was triplicated with 15 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. The birds were offered feed and water ad libitum. The results revealed significant (p 0.05) effect of N source on the organ total proteins with treatment RFM and RIM exhibiting lower but comparable levels in the Liver (2.01 and 1.98 g/dL), Heart (1.95 and 1.89 g/dL) and Kidney (1.92 and 1.91 g/dL). Triglycerides contents were significantly (p

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