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Patterns and Changes in the Treatment of Patients with Type II Diabetes mellitus in Egypt: The DISCOVER Program

International Journal of Clinical medicine 2020年第12期11卷 731-742页

作者： salah Shelbaya mohamed Khattab Khalifa Abdallah Yehia Ghanem Hesham El Hefnawy Enas Shaltout eman Roshdy Emad R. Issak Endocrinology Department Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Internal medicine Department Cairo University Giza Egypt Internal medicine Department Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Endocrinology Department National Institute of Diabetes & Endocrinology Cairo Egypt Internal medicine Department Diabetes Unit Cairo University Giza Egypt Internal medicine Department Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt

The DISCOVER study is a three-year, non-interventional prospective study conducted in 37 countries, including Egypt, to assess the treatment patterns and outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus initiating a second-line antidiabetic therapy (add-on or switch). In this report of the Egyptian cohort of DISCOVER, baseline data were collected according to routine clinical practice at 38 study sites, using a standardized electronic case report form, in the period from December-2014 to November-2019. We enrolled 583 patients (mean age: 52.9 ± 9.8 years and median duration since diagnosis: median 36.5, IQR 18.1, 70.4 months). The mean HbA1c value at baseline was 8.6 ± 1.4%, indicating poor glycemic control. The most commonly prescribed first-line medications were metformin or sulfonylurea monotherapy. For second line-therapy, the majority of patients switched to dual therapy with metformin plus sulfonylureas or DPP-4 inhibitors. Fewer patients switched to triple therapy, treatment by four or more medications, or insulin treatment (15, 12, and 35 patients, respectively). The most commonly cited reasons for switching to second-line therapy were lack of efficacy, weight gain, hypoglycemic events, and side effects (549, 54, 25, and 21 patients, respectively). The set treatment target of enrolled patients at the initiation of second-line therapy was an HbA1c level of 6.9%. Follow-up data will assess the outcomes of such changes in the Egyptian population.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Glucose Control metformin Patient-Reported Outcomes Egypt HbA1c medication

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Coronary Artery Anomalies Detected by multi-Detector Computed Tomography: A Single Centre Experience

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第6期13卷 261-274页

作者： Basma Hammad eman El-sharkawy Yasser morsi Noha Shabaan salah Eltahan mohamed Elshafi Shady Abohashem Tanveer mir mostafa Elwany Cardiology Department Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt International Cardiac Center-Scan Alexandria Egypt Radiology Department Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt massachusettes General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA Detroit medical Center Wayne State University Detroit Michigan USA

Background: Coronary artery anomalies (CAA) prevalence represents less than 1% of congenital heart diseases. It includes anomalies in origin, course, and termination. Its detection has been easier with advances in imaging techniques using multi-detector computed tomography (mDCT). mDCT helps not only detection of the anomalous origin, but it allows delineation of the course and termination of the arteries, differentiation between benign and malignant courses, and guiding therapeutic interventions. Results: There were consecutive patients with a low-to-intermediate probability of coronary artery disease scanned with 128 mDCT. Each patient underwent a non-contrast prospective gating acquisition for coronary calcium scoring followed by contrast-enhanced helical retrospective gated scans for the detection of coronary artery origin, course, termination, and detection of concomitant atherosclerosis. We scanned 1000 patients with a mean age of 57.5 ± 8.3, and 68% were males. Thirty-two anomalies were noted (3.2%) including;nineteen (1.9%) anomalous origin from the opposite sinus, three (0.3%) anomalous left coronary arteries from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA), one (0.1%) super dominant left anterior descending artery (LAD) giving origin to the posterior descending artery (PDA), three single coronary arteries (0.3%)in which the left main (Lm) and right coronary arteries were originating with a common stem from the right coronary sinus (RCS)and the Lm took a pre-pulmonic course. Along with six (0.6%) dual LAD including five (0.5%) patients with type I (short LAD and long diagonal), there was one (0.1%) type 4 with an extra LAD originating from the RCS with a pre-pulmonic course. Conclusions: mDCT allows easy detection of coronary anomalies with high spatial resolution and overcomes limitations in conventional invasive coronary angiography. Based on our study we recommend the use of mDCT as an efficient and feasible modality for the diagnosis of coronary anomalies once this p

关键词： Coronary Artery Anomalies Spatial Resolution multi-Detector Computed Tomography

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Bougainvillea spectabilis flowers extract protects against the rotenone-induced toxicity

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2017年第5期10卷 457-466页

作者： Omar m.E.Abdel-Salam eman R.Youness Nadia A.Ahmed Sayed A.El-Toumy Ahmed m.A.Souleman Nermeen Shaffie Dalia m.Abouelfadl Department of Toxicology and Narcotics National Research CentreCairoEgypt Department of medical Biochemistry National Research CentreCairoEgypt Department of Chemistry of Tannins National Research CentreCairoEgypt Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematic National Research CentreCairoEgypt Department of Pathology National Research CentreCairoEgypt

Objective:To investigate the effect of two extracts of Bougainvillea spectabilis(B. spectabilis) flowers with yellow and pink/purple on brain oxidative stress and neuronal damage caused in rats by systemic rotenone injection. methods:Rotenone 1.5 mg/kg was given three times per week alone or in combination with B. spectabilis flowers extracts(25 mg or 50 mg) via the subcutaneous route for 2 weeks. Brain concentrations of the lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde(mDA),reduced glutathione,nitric oxide(nitrite),the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta(Il-1β) as well as butyrylcholinesterase,and paraoxonase-1(PON-1) activities,were determined. Histopathology and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry were also performed. Results:Rotenone resulted in significant increases of brain mDA(the product of lipid peroxidation),and nitric oxide content along with decreased brain reduced glutathione. There were also marked and significant inhibition of brain PON-1 and BCh E activities and increased Il-1β in brain of rotenone-treated rats. B. spectabilis flowers extract itself resulted in brain oxidative stress increasing both lipid peroxidation and nitrite content whilst inhibiting PON-1 activity. The yellow flowers extract inhibited BCh E activity and increased brain Il-1β. When given to rotenone-treated rats,B. spectabilis extracts,however,decreased lipid peroxidation while their low administered doses increased brain GSH. Brain nitrite decreased by the pink extract but showed further increase by the yellow extract. Either extract,however,caused further inhibition of PON-1 activity while the yellow extract resulted in further inhibition of BChE activity. Histopathological studies indicated that both extracts protected against brain,liver and kidney damage caused by the toxicant. Conclusions:These data indicate that B. spectabilis flowers extracts exert protective effect against the toxic effects of rotenone on brain,liver and kidney. B. spectabilis flowers extracts decreased

关键词： Bougainvillea spectabilis Flowers Extract Rotenone Oxidative stress Parkinson’s disease

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Childhood glaucoma profile in Dakahelia, Egypt: a retrospective study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第4期11卷 674-680页

作者： Tharwat H.mokbel eman m.El Hefney Sherein m.Hagras Ahmed A.ALNagdy Amani E.Badawi manal A.Kasem Shereen m.El Shaer mansoura Ophthalmic Center Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University Community and Public Health Department Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University

AIm： To analyze childhood glaucoma regarding its demographics, presentations, different causes and surgical modalities used among patients in Dakahelia and to apply the Childhood Glaucoma Research Network（CGRN） classification retrospectively to evaluate its ***： A retrospective study in which the medical files of all glaucoma patients 〈16 years old presented to mansoura Ophthalmic Center, mansoura University from 2014 to 2017, were retrieved and analyzed. Collected data included： age, gender, laterality, visual acuity（VA）, refraction, intraocular pressure（IOP）, corneal diameter, cup-disc ratio, types and number of surgeries and antiglaucomatous drugs（AGD） at the first and last visit. Prevalence of different subtypes was calculated and means of clinical features were ***： A total of 305 eyes of 207 patients were included classified into 6 groups： primary congenital glaucoma（PCG）, juvenile open angle glaucoma（JOAG）, glaucoma associated with systemic disease, glaucoma associated with ocular anomalies, acquired glaucoma and glaucoma following cataract surgery. PCG was the predominant type（55.1%） followed by acquired glaucoma（29.5%）. males represented 63.8% of the whole studied patients. Glaucoma associated with ocular anomaly group showed the youngest age at diagnosis（21.9±30.0 mo）. The shortest corneal diameter was recorded in post cataract group（10.4±0.5 mm）. Highest cup-disc ratio was found in the PCG group（P〈0.0005）. Glaucoma associated with systemic disease presented with the highest baseline IOP（34.5±5.0 mm Hg）. All the cases with PCG were treated surgically with 21.8% required more than one surgery. The majority of the patients（74.2%） in the acquired group were treated medically. Combined trabeculotomy-trabeculectomy was the most frequent operation done, accounting for 34.5% of all primary surgeries. Ahmed valve implantation comprised 87% of the secondary surgeries. Acquired glaucoma group had the highest percent of eyes with good fin

关键词： childhood glaucoma classification Egypt epidemiology

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Structural and dielectric properties of prepared PbS and PbTe nanomaterials

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Journal of Semiconductors 2018年第12期39卷 52-59页

作者： A.A.hzab Azza A.Ward G.m.mahmoud eman m.El-Hanafy H.El-Zahed F.S.Terra Solid State Physics Department Physical Research DivisionNational Research CentreGizaEgypt microwave Physics and Dielectrics Department Physical Research DivisionNational Research CentreGizaEgypt University Girls College for Arts Scienceand EducationAin Shams UniversityHelioplesCairoEgypt

In this work, PbS and PbTe nanomaterials with various morphologies were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. The structural properties were investigated by using X-ray diffraction(XRD) and corresponding scanning electron microscopy together with their EDX analysis. Both the PbS and PbTe nanomaterials possess good polycrystalline structure. The crystallite size, determined from the XRD data, of PbS is 5 nm whereas the corresponding value of PbTe is 2.69 nm. SEm micrographs reveal that the prepared PbS nanomaterial has starshaped structures, micro-flowers, some cubes, and semi-dendrites, whereas PbTe has semi-flower structures. Additionally, the dielectric properties have been studied in a broad frequency range from 0.1 Hz up to 1 mHz at temperatures from 298-423 K. The real and imaginary parts of the complex dielectric constant ε' and ε" of PbTe are comparatively higher than those of PbS. moreover, the dielectric data were analyzed on the basis of the electric modulus.

关键词： dielectric properties PbS PbTe SEm EDX electric modulus

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Barriers for resuming endoscopy service in the context of COVID-19 pandemic:A multicenter survey from Egypt

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第43期26卷 6880-6890页

作者： Omar Elshaarawy Sameh Aldesoky Lashen Nahed A makhlouf Doaa Abdeltawab mariam salah Zaghloul Rasha m Ahmed Hayam Fathy Shimaa Afifi muhammad Abdel-Gawad eman Abdelsameea Sherief Abd-Elsalam Salem Youssef mohamed mohammed Tag-Adeen mina Tharwat Ahmed Alzamzamy Ahmed Nasr Bekhit Alshaimaa m Eid Abeer Awad mohamed-Naguib Wifi mohammad Aamr Waleed A Abd El Dayem mohamed Alboraie Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Liver TransplantationNational Liver InstituteMenoufia UniversityShebine Elkom 32511Egypt Department of Internal medicine and Center of Alcohol Research and Liver Diseases Salem Medical CenterHeidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69121Germany Department of Internal medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of AlexandriaAlexandria 21521Egypt Department of Tropical medicine and Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt Department of Hepatology Gastroentrology and Infectious DiseasesKafrelsheikh UniversityFaculty of MedicineKafrelsheikh 33565Egypt Department of Internal medicine Faculty of MedicineAssiut UniversityAssiut 71515Egypt National Hepatology and Tropical medicine Research Institute Cairo 11638Egypt Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesFaculty of MedicineAl-Azhar UniversityAssiut 71524Egypt Department of Tropical medicine and Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt Department of Internal medicine Gastroenterology and Hepatology UnitFaculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt Department of Internal medicine Gastroenterology UnitQena Faculty of MedicineSouth Valley UniversityQena 83523Egypt Department of Tropical medicine and Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineAswan UniversityAswan 81528Egypt Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Military Medical AcademyCairo 11771Egypt Department of Tropical medicine Zagazig General HospitalZagazig 42511Egypt Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Infectious Disease Faculty of MedicineAlAzhar UniversityCairo 11562Egypt Department of Internal medicine Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11759Egypt Department of Hepatology and Gastroentorolgy Shebin Elkom Teaching HospitalShebine Elkom 3521Egypt Department of Tropical medicine Faculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt Department of Internal medicine Al-Azhar UniversityCairo 11651Egypt

BACKGROUND The current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has affected routine endoscopy service across the gastroenterology *** led to the suspension of service provision for elective *** To assess the potential barriers for resuming the endoscopy service in *** A national online survey,four domains,was disseminated over a period of 4 wk in August *** primary outcome of the survey was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the endoscopy service and barriers to the full resumption of a disabled center(s).RESULTS A hundred and thirteen Egyptian endoscopy centers participated in the *** waiting list was increased by≥50% in 44.9% of areas with clusters of COVID-19 cases(n=49)and in 35.5% of areas with sporadic cases(n=62).Thirty nine(34.8%)centers suffered from staff shortage,which was considered a barrier against service resumption by 86.4% of centers in per-protocol *** multivariate analysis,the burden of cases in the unit locality,staff shortage/recovery and the availability of separate designated rooms for COVID-19 cases could markedly affect the resumption of endoscopy practice(P=0.029,mic has led to restrictions in endoscopic *** staff shortage/recovery and the availability of COVID-19 designed rooms are the most important barriers against *** working hours and dividing endoscopy staff into teams may help to overcome the current situation.

关键词： COVID-19 Endoscopy Practice Pandemic Egypt Barriers

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Investigating How Parental Perceptions of Cybersecurity Influence Children’s Safety in the Cyber World: A Case Study of Saudi Arabia

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Intelligent Information management 2023年第5期15卷 350-372页

作者： Tariq Saeed mian eman m. Alatawi Department of IS College of Computer Science and Engineering Taibah University Madinah Almunwarah Saudi Arabia

This paper explores the convergence of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 with the increasing dependence on the Internet for educational purposes. It sheds light on the potential cybersecurity risks and how parental perception impacts children’s willingness to adapt cybersecurity features. By instilling the significance of cybersecurity awareness in early stages, society can provide children with the necessary skills to navigate the digital realm responsibly. As we progress, ongoing research and collaborative endeavors will be pivotal in formulating effective strategies to shield the digital generation from the potential pitfalls of the virtual realm. Regular Internet usage is essential for various purposes such as communication, education, and leisure. The cohorts of Generation Z and Alpha were born during a period of exponential Internet growth, leading them to heavily engage with the Internet. Consequently, they are equally vulnerable to cybersecurity threats just like adults. Addressing potential security risks for today’s youth becomes the responsibility of parents as the primary line of defense. This research focuses on raising awareness about the imperative of ensuring children’s safety in the online sphere, particularly by their parents. The study is conducted within the specific context of Saudi Arabia, aiming to examine how Saudi parents’ perception of cybersecurity influences their children’s cyber safety. The study identifies critical factors, including attitudes towards cybersecurity, awareness of cybersecurity, and prevailing social norms regarding cybersecurity. These factors contribute to the development of parents’ intention to prioritize cybersecurity, which consequently affects their children’s behaviors in the digital realm. Utilizing a quantitative approach based on a questionnaire, the study employs a Structural Equation modeling (SEm) framework to analyze the collected data. The study’s findings underscore that parents’ intent towards cybersecurity pl

关键词： E-Learning Cybersecurity Saudi Arabia Saudi Vision 2030 Cybersecurity Awareness Parenting in Cyber Era Adolescence

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Synthesis,antimicrobial, antiquorum-sensing and cytotoxic activities of new series of benzothiazole derivatives

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第12期26卷 1522-1528页

作者： moustafa T.Gabr Nadia S.El-Gohary eman R.El-Bendary mohamed m.El-Kerdawy Nanting Ni mona I.Shaaban Department of medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Department of Chemistry Georgia State University Department of microbiology Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Department of microbiology College of Pharmacy Taibah University

New series of benzothiazole derivatives were designed and synthesized. The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. Compounds 6j and 6o showed the highest activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The antifungal activity of these compounds was also tested against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus293. Compounds 4c, 4g and 6j exhibited the highest activity against C. albicans. In addition, compounds4 a and 6j displayed promising activity against A. fumigatus 293. The same compounds were examined for their antiquorum-sensing activity against Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472, whereas compounds4 a, 6j and 6p showed moderate activity. The in vitro cytotoxicity testing of the synthesized compounds was performed against cervical cancer（Hela） and kidney fibroblast cancer（COS-7） cell lines. Results indicated that all tested compounds have IC50 values 〉50 mmol/L against both cell lines. molecular properties, toxicities, drug-likeness, and drug score profiles of compounds 4a–c, 5a, 6g,h, 6j, 6l, 6o and7 c,d were also assessed.

关键词： antibacterial moiety antifungal antimicrobial cytotoxic screened moderate substituent Candida albicans

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Seasonal Effect on Biomarkers of Exposure to Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Coasts of North Western Suez Gulf,Egypt

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2019年第1期1卷 38-48页

作者： Omayma E.Ahmed mustafa m.Emara Nazik A.Farid1 Enas A.El-Sabagh eman m.Kamal Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Egypt Chemistry Department Faculty of Science(boys)Al-Azhar UniversityEgypt Faculty of Science(girls)Al-Azhar University CairoEgypt

Petroleum hydrocarbons of surface water were collected from eight loca-tions of from the coasts of north western Suez Gulf,*** extracted petroleum hydrocarbons were determined by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector and quantified by integrating the areas of both the resolved and unresolved *** results confirm that the con-centration is relatively higher than the recommended in the regulations of the Egyptian low of Environment of No.4/1994 of petroleum *** various *** dissolved petroleum hydrocarbons ranged from 5.639 to 74.8 and 1.868 to 65.698 mg/ml for summer and winter sea-sons,*** indicates that chronic oil pollution,in addition to hydrocarbon concentrations,the diagnostic indices used shows that the hydrocarbons in the area were comes from biogenic,petrogenic and anthropogenic ***-IR spectrometric analysis confirms die petro-genic nature of pollutants.

关键词： Egypt Oil hydrocarbon Physicochemical Diagnostic Gas chromatography Suez canal

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The Reaction of Cyanoacetylhydrazine with Chloroacetone: Synthesis of 1,2,4-Triazine, 1,3,4-Oxadiazine and Their Fused Derivatives with Antitumor Activities

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Open Journal of medicinal Chemistry 2012年第1期2卷 1-9页

作者： Rafat m. mohareb eman m. Samir Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy October University for Modern Sciences & Arts Giza Egypt National Organization for Drug Control & Research Cairo Egypt

The reaction of cyanoacetylhydrazine with chloroacetone gave the N-(1-chloropropan-2-ylidene)-2-cyanoacetohy- drazide. This compound reacted with either hydrazine hydrate or phenylhydrazine to give the corresponding 1,2,4-tri- azine derivatives. On the other hand, its reaction with either benzenediazonium chloride or benzaldehyde gave in each case the 1,3,4-oxadiazine derivatives. moreover, the reaction of the cyanoacetylhydrazine with 2-boromocyclohexa- none gave the corresponding hydrazine-hydrozon derivative. The antitumor evaluation of the newly synthesized prod- ucts against three cancer cell lines, namely breast adenocarcinoma (mCF-7), non-small cell lung cancer (NCI-H460) and CNS cancer (SF-268) was recorded. Some of the tested compounds showed activities which was higher than the reference doxorubicin.

关键词： 1 2 4-Triazine 3 4-Oxadiazine Pyrazole Antitumor

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