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Sonographic gallbladder wall thickness measurement and the prediction of esophageal varices among cirrhotics

World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第2期15卷 216-224页

作者： Mohamed H Emara Mariam Zaghloul ibrahim F Amer Aya M Mahros Mohammed Hussien ahmed Mahmoud A Elkerdawy Eslam Elshenawy Abdelrahman M ahmed Rasheda Tarik I Zaher Mona Talaat Haseeb emad Hassan Emara Hassan Elbatae Department of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Infectious DiseasesKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr-Elshikh 33516Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology UnitSecurity Forces HospitalRiyadh 11481Saudi Arabia Tropical Medicine Zagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Kafrelsheikh UniversityKafr-Elshikh 33516Egypt

Acute variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension(PHT) is the most serious emergency complication among those patients and could have catastrophic outcomes if not timely managed. Early screening by esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy(EGD) for the presence of esophageal varices(EVs) is currently recommended by the practice guidelines for all cirrhotic patients. Meanwhile, EGD is not readily accepted or preferred by many patients. The literature is rich in studies to investigate and validate non-invasive markers of EVs prediction aiming at reducing the unneeded endoscopic procedures. Gallbladder(GB) wall thickness(GBWT) measurement has been found promising in many published research articles. We aim to highlight the validity of sonographic GBWT measurement in the prediction of EVs based on the available evidence. We searched databases including Cochrane library, Pub Med, Web of Science and many others for relevant articles. GBWT is associated with the presence of EVs in cirrhotic patients with PHT of different etiologies. The cut-off of GBWT that can predict the presence of EVs varied in the literature and ranges from 3.1 mm to 4.35 mm with variable sensitivities of 46%-90.9% and lower cutoffs in viral cirrhosis compared to non-viral, however GBWT > 4 mm in many studies is associated with acceptable sensitivity up to 90%. Furthermore, a relation was also noticed with the degree of varices and portal hypertensive *** cirrhotics, GBWT > 3.5 mm predicts the presence of advanced(grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ) EVs with a sensitivity of 45%, the sensitivity increased to 92% when a cut-off ≥ 3.95 mm was used in another cohort. Analysis of these results should carefully be revised in the context of ascites, hypoalbuminemia and other intrinsic GB diseases among cirrhotic patients. The sensitivity for prediction of EVs improved upon combining GBWT measurement with other non-invasive predictors, e.g., platelets/GBWT.

关键词： Sonographic Gallbladder wall thickness Prediction Esophageal varices Portal hypertension Esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy

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Modeling of Computer Virus Propagation with Fuzzy Parameters

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 5663-5678页

作者： Reemah M.Alhebshi Nauman ahmed Dumitru Baleanu Umbreen Fatima Fazal Dayan Muhammad Rafiq Ali Raza Muhammad Ozair Ahmad emad E.Mahmoud Computer Science Department Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityBalgatAnkara06530Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung406040TaiwanChina Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-Bucharest077125Romania Department of Computer Science University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan Department of Mathematics School of ScienceUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Central PunjabLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Near East University TRNCMersin10Turkey Department of Mathematics Government Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College WazirabadPunjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore5400Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of ScienceTaif UniversityP O Box11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia

Typically,a computer has infectivity as soon as it is *** is a reality that no antivirus programming can identify and eliminate all kinds of viruses,suggesting that infections would persevere on the *** understand the dynamics of the virus propagation in a better way,a computer virus spread model with fuzzy parameters is presented in this *** is assumed that all infected computers do not have the same contribution to the virus transmission process and each computer has a different degree of infectivity,which depends on the quantity of *** this,the parametersβandγbeing functions of the computer virus load,are considered fuzzy *** fuzzy theory helps us understand the spread of computer viruses more realistically as these parameters have fixed values in classical *** essential features of the model,like reproduction number and equilibrium analysis,are discussed in fuzzy ***,with fuzziness,two numerical methods,the forward Euler technique,and a nonstandard finite difference(NSFD)scheme,respectively,are developed and *** the evidence of the numerical simulations,the proposed NSFD method preserves the main features of the dynamic *** can be considered a reliable tool to predict such types of solutions.

关键词： SIR model fuzzy parameters computer virus NSFD scheme stability

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Optimization of Coronavirus Pandemic Model Through Artificial Intelligence

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6807-6822页

作者： Manal M.Alqarni Arooj Nasir Dumitru Baleanu Ali Raza Tahir Nawaz Cheema Nauman ahmed Muhammad Rafiq Umbreen Fatima emad E.Mahmoud Department of Mathematics College of SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Baqai Medical University Karachi75340Pakistan Shalamar Medical and Dental College Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityBalgatAnkara06530Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402TaiwanChina Institute of Space Sciences Magurele-Bucharest077125Romania Department of Mathematics Govt.Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College WazirabadPunjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of GujratGujrat52200Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics The University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Central PunjabLahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia

Artificial intelligence is demonstrated by machines,unlike the natural intelligence displayed by animals,including *** intelligence research has been defined as the field of study of intelligent agents,which refers to any system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of achieving its *** techniques of intelligent computing solve many applications of mathematical *** researchworkwas designed via a particularmethod of artificial neural networks to solve the mathematical model of *** representation of the mathematical model is made via systems of nonlinear ordinary differential *** differential equations are established by collecting the susceptible,the exposed,the symptomatic,super spreaders,infection with asymptomatic,hospitalized,recovery,and fatality *** generation of the coronavirus model’s dataset is exploited by the strength of the explicit Runge Kutta method for different countries like India,Pakistan,Italy,and many *** generated dataset is approximately used for training,validation,and testing processes for each cyclic update in Bayesian Regularization Backpropagation for the numerical treatment of the dynamics of the desired *** performance and effectiveness of the designed methodology are checked through mean squared error,error histograms,numerical solutions,absolute error,and regression analysis.

关键词： Coronavirus model artificial techniques analysis

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New Trends in the Modeling of Diseases Through Computational Techniques

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第6期45卷 2935-2951页

作者： Nesreen Althobaiti Ali Raza Arooj Nasir Jan Awrejcewicz Muhammad Rafiq Nauman ahmed Witold Pawłowski Muhammad Jawaz emad E.Mahmoud Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Govt.Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College WazirabadPunjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore54000Pakistan Baqai Medical University Karachi75340Pakistan Shalamar Medical and Dental College Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Automation Biomechanics and MechatronicsLodz University of Technology1/15 Stefanowskiego St.90-924LodzPoland Department of Mathematics Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Central PunjabLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of LahoreLahore54590Pakistan Institute of Machine Tools and Production Engineering Lodz University of Technology1/15 Stefanowskiego St.90-537LodzPoland

The computational techniques are a set of novel problem-solving methodologies that have attracted wider attention for their excellent *** handling strategies of real-world problems are artificial neural networks(ANN),evolutionary computing(EC),and many *** estimated fifty thousand to ninety thousand new leishmaniasis cases occur annually,with only 25%to 45%reported to the World Health Organization(WHO).It remains one of the top parasitic diseases with outbreak and mortality *** 2020,more than ninety percent of new cases reported to World Health Organization(WHO)occurred in ten countries:Brazil,China,Ethiopia,Eritrea,India,Kenya,Somalia,South Sudan,Sudan,and *** transmission of visceral leishmaniasis is studied dynamically and *** study included positivity,boundedness,equilibria,reproduction number,and local stability of the model in the dynamical *** detailed methods like Runge Kutta and Euler depend on time steps and violate the physical relevance of the *** produce negative and unbounded results,so in disease dynamics,such developments have no biological significance;in other words,these results are *** the implicit nonstandard finite difference method does not depend on time step,positive,bounded,dynamic and *** the computational techniques and their results were compared using computer simulations.

关键词： Real-world problem differential equations computational techniques analysis

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New Trends in Fuzzy Modeling Through Numerical Techniques

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6371-6388页

作者： M.M.Alqarni Muhammad Rafiq Fazal Dayan Jan Awrejcewicz Nauman ahmed Ali Raza Muhammad Ozair Ahmad Witold Pawłowski emad E.Mahmoud Department of Mathematics College of SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Central PunjabLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics School of ScienceUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahorePakistan Department of Automation Biomechanics and MechatronicsLodz University of Technology1/15 Stefanowskiego St.90-924LodzPoland Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of LahoreLahorePakistan Department of Mathematics Govt.Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College WazirabadPunjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore54000Pakistan Institute of Machine Tools and Production Engineering Lodz University of TechnologyPoland Department of Mathematics College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia

Amoebiasis is a parasitic intestinal infection caused by the highly pathogenic amoeba Entamoeba *** is spread through person-toperson contact or by eating or drinking food or water contaminated with *** transmission rate depends on the number of cysts present in the *** traditional models assumed a homogeneous and contradictory transmission with *** heterogeneity of its transmission rate is a significant factor when modeling disease *** heterogeneity of disease transmission can be described mathematically by introducing fuzzy *** this context,a fuzzy SEIR Amoebiasis disease model is considered in this *** equilibrium analysis and reproductive number are studied with *** numerical schemes forward Euler method and a nonstandard finite difference(NSFD)approach,are developed for the learned model,and the results of numerical simulations are *** numerical and simulation results reveal that the proposed NSFD method provides an adequate representation of the dynamics of the disease despite the uncertainty and ***,the obtained method generates plausible predictions that regulators can use to support decision-making to design and develop control strategies.

关键词： Epidemic model fuzzy parameters amoebiasis NSFD scheme convergence

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Impedance spectroscopy and DFT/TD-DFT studies of diyttrium trioxide for optoelectronic fields

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第4期41卷 605-612页

作者： Ali A.Alkathiri A.A.Atta Moamen S.Refat Sonam Shakya A.M.Hassanien Saud A.Algarni emad M.A.ahmed Sultan E.Alomariy Mohammed Alsawat Norah Algethami Department of Physics College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh202002India Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Humanity Studies at Al-QuwayiyahShaqra UniversityAl-Quwayiyah11971Saudi Arabia

Yttrium(Ⅲ)oxide or so-called diyttrium trioxide(Y_2O_3)is an excellent candidate ceramic material for optoelectronic ***,electrical conductivity,and dielectric relaxation properties of bulk yttrium(Ⅲ)oxide were studied.X-ray diffraction(XRD)results indicate that the yttrium(Ⅲ)oxide compound has a crystalline cubic *** transform infrared(FTIR)technique was used to ascertain the chemical structure of the yttrium(Ⅲ)oxide *** spectroscopy was used to analyze frequency-dependent electrical properties as a function of temperature in the range of 303-423 K and frequency range of 0.1 Hz-2 *** spectroscopy parameters such as dielectric constant,dielectric loss,loss factor,electric modulus,and complex impedance of the yttrium(Ⅲ)oxide compound were *** Nyquist plot describes the complex impedance of the yttrium(Ⅲ)oxide for different *** universal Jonscher's power law was used for the analysis of the complex electrical conductivity of the yttrium(Ⅲ)oxide *** is found that the real(σ')and imaginary(σ")parts of the complex conductivity increase with increasing *** exponent frequency(s)equals unity,which confirms that the predominant conduction mechanism is a nearly constant loss(NCL)***/TD-DFT studies using B3LYP/LanL2DZ level of theory were used to provide comparable theoretical data and electronic energy gap of HOMO→LUMO.

关键词： Yttrium(Ⅲ)oxidel Impedance spectroscopy DFT/TD-DFT Rare earths

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基于CFD的海底管道石油泄漏规律研究

基于CFD的海底管道石油泄漏规律研究

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作者： emad ahmed ABDULGHAFFAR HASSAN（海桑）西安石油大学

学位级别：硕士

石油泄漏是一个严重的问题,一旦发生油气泄漏,将对自然生态系统和海洋环境造成极大的威胁和破坏。为了更好地支持也门共和国东南海岸阿拉伯海海底石油泄漏的风险评估和污染控制,本文建立了也门共和国东南海岸阿拉伯海海底局部输油管道... 详细信息

石油泄漏是一个严重的问题,一旦发生油气泄漏,将对自然生态系统和海洋环境造成极大的威胁和破坏。为了更好地支持也门共和国东南海岸阿拉伯海海底石油泄漏的风险评估和污染控制,本文建立了也门共和国东南海岸阿拉伯海海底局部输油管道二维瞬态数值模型,并将海底石油泄漏分为海底裸露输油管道泄漏和海底埋地输油管道泄漏两种情况,研究了海水流速、泄漏速度、泄漏口角度、海底输油管道埋地深度、海泥孔隙率和原油密度对海泥和水体中石油泄漏扩散特征和运移规律的影响。得到了两种情况下漏油在海水中的横向扩散速度与原油密度之间的关系式,研究结果可为海底输油管道的泄漏事故处理工作提供有效的指导和一定的理论依据。研究了海底裸露管道泄漏扩散特性,结果表明石油泄漏后在水中形成了一股射流,油品扩散到达海面的时间随海水流速的增大而增大,当海水流速从0.1 m/s增大到0.5 m/s时,溢油扩散到达海面的时间从14 s增大到34 s。随海底输油管道泄漏口径的增大而减小,当海底输油管道泄漏口径从30 mm增大到70 mm时,溢油扩散到达海面的时间从19 s缩短到了12 s。随泄漏速度的增大而减小,当泄漏速度从2 m/s增大到8 m/s时,溢油扩散到达海面的时间从23 s缩短到了9 s。泄漏口方向在管道顶部的下游时,随着海底输油管道泄漏口朝向与竖直方向的夹角的增大,原油泄漏后的水平扩散距离和垂直扩散距离均先增大后减小。溢油扩散到达海面的时间先减小后增大,当海底输油管道泄漏口朝向与竖直方向的夹角为60°时,原油能更快扩散到达海面。泄漏口方向在管道顶部的上游时,随着泄漏口角度的增大,溢油扩散到达海面的时间增大。当海底输油管道泄漏口朝向与竖直方向的夹角为30°时,泄漏的原油几乎垂直向上运动,在较短的时间内便能扩散到达海面。研究了海底埋地管道泄漏扩散特性,结果表明泄漏油品在海泥中呈圆形扩散形态。海水流速主要影响油品在水体中的扩散特性,而对海泥区域的油品扩散规律影响较小。泄漏油品到达海泥-海水交界面的时间随泄漏速度的增大而减小,当泄漏速度从2 m/s增大到8 m/s时,泄漏油品扩散到海泥-海水交界面的时间从10 s减小到5 s。海泥-海水交界面被油品所覆盖的宽度范围约为3～5 m,并随着海底输油管道埋地深度的增加和泄漏时间的延长而加宽,泄漏油品到达海面的时间随着海底输油管道埋地深度的增加而增大,当海底输油管道埋地深度从0.5 m增加到1.5 m时,泄漏油品到达海面的时间从20 s增大到30 s。海泥中的渗透速度随着海泥孔隙率的增大而减小,研究结果表明考虑周围的海泥环境有助于合理判断石油泄漏的污染范围。对比分析了两种情况下不同密度的原油发生泄漏后的扩散特性,结果表明油品密度越小,受海水浮力的作用越大,随着海水流动向水平方向扩散的速度越大。与海底裸露管道相比,海底埋地管道发生泄漏后,油品扩散速度较小。此外,进一步拟合得到了海底裸露管道和海底埋地管道两种情况下,漏油在海水中的横向扩散速度与原油密度之间的关系式,从而可以为制定不同情况下的海上漏油应急预案提供指导。

关键词：石油泄漏扩散海泥孔隙率泄漏角度流体模拟

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Statistical Relationship Between UVB(280-320nm) and Broadband Solar Radiation(295-2800nm) at a Subtropical Location(Qena,Egypt)

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2013年第4期6卷 173-178页

作者： Mahmoud El-Nouby ADAM Khalafallah Omar KASSEM emad Ali ahmed Quality Assurance Unit(ALI) King Saud University Faculty of Science(Physics Department) South Valley University

The present study quantifies the relationship between ultraviolet-B(UVB) and broadband solar radiation(G) at Qena,*** from 10-year hourly integrated totals for both UVB and G on a horizontal surface were used to determine the best fit between the two radiation *** the basis of the correlation of determination(r2),a second-order polynomial was determined to provide the best *** the purpose of developing an empirical model to estimate UVB,all of the cases of UVB and G from a nine-year study from 2001 to 2009 were *** and seasonal empirical models,as well as a general expression,were established for UVB as a function of *** values of r2 ranged from 0.90 to *** using a new dataset of G,the estimated and the corresponding measured values of UVB were determined to be in good agreement whereby the values of r2 between the two ranged from 0.91 to *** addition,the significance and performance of the regression forms were evaluated with the aid of several statistical analysis *** values of the index of modeling(d) and coefficient of modeling efficiency(ME) were close to ***,the values of RMSE,mean bias error(MBE),and mean absolute error(MAE) were lower than the experimental *** the basis of this analysis,it has been determined that the suggested regression forms can be used to estimate UVB when it difficult to obtain measurements or when measurements are available only for limited periods at the studied region.

关键词：太阳辐射 UVB 统计关系埃及宽带亚热带纳米位置

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Space time fractional KdV Burgers equation for dust acoustic shock waves in dusty plasma with non-thermal ions

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第7期23卷 316-322页

作者： emad K.El-Shewy Abeer A.Mahmoud Ashraf M.Tawfik Essam M.Abulwafa ahmed Elgarayhi Theoretical Physics Group Physics DepartmentFaculty of ScienceMansoura University

The KdV-Burgers equation for dust acoustic waves in unmagnetized plasma having electrons, singly charged non- thermal ions, and hot and cold dust species is derived using the reductive perturbation method. The Boltzmann distribution is used for electrons in the presence of the cold （hot） dust viscosity coefficients. The semi-inverse method and Agrawal variational technique are applied to formulate the space-time fractional KdV-Burgers equation which is solved using the fractional sub-equation method. The effect of the fractional parameter on the behavior of the dust acoustic shock waves in the dusty plasma is investigated.

关键词： dust-acoustic waves reductive perturbation method modified Riemann-Liouville fractionalderivative space-time fractional KdV-Burgers equation

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Cost Utility Analysis of Dapagliflozin in Egyptian Patients with CKD from the Payer Perspective

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2023年第4期13卷 435-450页

作者： Gamal Saadi Magdy Elsharkawy Gamal Fathy El-Naggar ahmed F. Elkeraie emad R. Issak Department of Nephrology Faculty of Medicine Kasr Al-Aini Cairo University Cairo Egypt Department of Nephrology Faculty of Medicine Ain-Shams University Cairo Egypt Department of Nephrology Faculty of Medicine Tanta University Tanta Egypt Department of Nephrology Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Ain-Shams University Cairo Egypt

Background: Chronic kidney disease is a serious public health issue in Egypt. An estimated 13% of individuals in Egypt are expected to have CKD, with a higher prevalence among older adults and in rural regions. The primary goal of the study was to compare the cost-utility of the standard of care alone against add-on medication, dapagliflozin, as a preventative measure against complications of CKD in cases with or without diabetes mellitus. Methods: A lifetime Markov state transition model with a 3-month cycle was employed based on the clinical evidence from the DAPA-CKD clinical trial. The model was to provide estimates of the long-term economic and health impact of managing CKD patients. Cost-effectiveness is assessed regarding the cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. This economic evaluation study used a payer perspective. Moreover, the study evaluated the impact on the budget due to the undertaking of dapagliflozin. One-way deterministic sensitivity analyses, as well as a probabilistic sensitivity analysis, were employed. Results: During a lifetime horizon, the difference in cost between dapagliflozin and SOC was EGP -65,212 (USD 2126.89). The difference in QALY between dapagliflozin and SOC was 4.3. In CKD patients, adding dapagliflozin to ramipril generates better QALYs and lower costs than ramipril alone. Dapagliflozin improved the outcomes and generated cost savings. A deterministic one was sensitivity analysis revealed that the model is robust to changes in all variables included. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis using Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations showed that in about 82.64% of trials, dapagliflozin is cost-saving. The undertaking of dapagliflozin by any percent will have a positive impact on the budget. Conclusion: During the lifetime horizon, dapagliflozin is cost-saving;it benefits the quality of life and the total cost. The addition of dapagliflozin to SOC has a saving effect of 11.9% of the budget.

关键词： Chronic Kidney Disease Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Dapagliflozin Cost-Utility Budget Impact

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