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The role of extracellular vesicles in acquisition of resistance to therapy in glioblastomas

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第1期4卷 1-16页

作者： Anudeep Yekula Abigail taylor Alexandra Beecroft Keiko m.Kang Julia L.Small Koushik muralidharan Zachary Rosh Bob S.Carter Leonora Balaj Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA Brigham Young University ProvoUT 84602USA

Glioblastoma(GBm)is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with a median survival of 15 months despite standard care therapy consisting of maximal surgical debulking,followed by radiation therapy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide *** natural history of GBm is characterized by inevitable recurrence with patients dying from increasingly resistant tumor regrowth after *** mechanisms including inter-and intratumoral heterogeneity,the evolution of therapy-resistant clonal subpopulations,reacquisition of stemness in glioblastoma stem cells,multiple drug efflux mechanisms,the tumor-promoting microenvironment,metabolic adaptations,and enhanced repair of drug-induced DNA damage have been implicated in therapy *** vesicles(EVs)have emerged as crucial mediators in the maintenance and establishment of *** seminal studies have uncovered the multi-dynamic role of EVs in the acquisition of drug *** include EV-mediated cargo transfer and EVs functioning as drug efflux channels and decoys for antibody-based *** this review,we discuss the various mechanisms of therapy resistance in GBm,highlighting the emerging role of EV-orchestrated drug *** the landscape of GBm resistance is critical in devising novel therapeutic approaches to fight this deadly disease.

关键词： Glioblastoma resistance extracellular vesicles temozolomide radiation

Gene expression profiling in soybean under aluminum stress: genes differentially expressed between Al-tolerant and Al-sensitive genotypes

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American Journal of molecular Biology 2011年第3期1卷 156-173页

作者： Dechassa Duressa Khairy m. Soliman Robert W. taylor Dongquan Chen 不详

It is well documented that aluminum (Al) toxicity is the most important constraint to crop production on acid soils and soybean is one of the most Al sensitive plant species. To advance our understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms of Al-tolerance in soybean we compared root tip (1 cm long) transcriptome profiles of an Al-tolerant (PI 416937) and Al-sensitive (Young) soybean genotypes using a combination of DNA microarrays and quantitative real-time PCR gene expression profiling technologies, in a time-course experiment (2, 12, 48, 72 h post Al treatment). We observed many genes differentially expressed between the two genotypes in constitutive and non-constitutive manner. The most likely candidate Al-tolerance genes expressed at high level include the previously reported transcription factors, auxin down regulated-like protein (ADR6-like) and, basic leucine zipper (bZIP 94), sulfur transmembrane transport protein and lipid transfer protein;and several novel genes that include rare cold inducible protein (RCI2B ), GPI-transamidase, malonyl-COA: Isoflavone 7-O-glucoside-6'-O-malontransferase, a cell proliferation protein (WPP2), oleosin protein, pectinestrease inhibitor, and impaired sucrose induction1;whereas genes negatively correlated with Al-tolerance, namely cellulose synthase and calcium transporters were down regulated in Al-tolerant PI 416937 compared to the Al-sensitive Young. The possible mechanisms of how these genes contribute to Al-tolerance trait are discussed. In conclusion, transcriptome profile comparisons of Al-tolerant and Al-sensitive soybean genotypes revealed novel putative Al-tolerance genes. These genes deserve further functional characterization for eventual utilization in developing soybean germplasm adapted to high aluminum soils.

关键词： Soybean Al Tolerance Gene Expression microarray

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在高温下形成的相

建筑节能(中英文) 1981年第6期 37-42页

作者： H.F.W.taylor D.m.ROY 何尔章

（一）引言波特兰水泥和净浆中的C3S或β-C2S在100℃或略高于100℃的水化产物,与常温形成的相比,虽然形态和显微结构有差异,但基本上没有区别。Odler和Skalny研究C3S在25～100℃的水化,对于D—干燥材料来说,当H/S比从1.52减至0.98时,C—... 详细信息

（一）引言波特兰水泥和净浆中的C3S或β-C2S在100℃或略高于100℃的水化产物,与常温形成的相比,虽然形态和显微结构有差异,但基本上没有区别。Odler和Skalny研究C3S在25～100℃的水化,对于D—干燥材料来说,当H/S比从1.52减至0.98时,C—S—H中C/S比从1.88增至2.04。Bentur等发现,在65℃形成的C—S—H中,多硅酸盐多于在25℃形成

关键词：托勃莫来石水化硅酸钙硅钙石白钙沸石

Characteristics of Central Southwest Asian Water Budgets and Their Impacts on Regional Climate

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2013年第2期3卷 259-268页

作者： Khalid m. malik Peter A. taylor Kit Szeto Azmat Hayat Khan Climate Research Division Environment Canada Gatineau Canada National Agromet Center Pakistan Meteorological Department Islamabad Pakistan National Drought monitoring Center Pakistan Meteorological Department Islamabad Pakistan York University Toronto Canada

Water budgets terms, evapotranspiration (E), precipitation (P), runoff (N), moisture convergence (mC) and both surface as well as atmospheric residual terms have been computed with National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) (1948-2007) and European Centre for medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECmWF) ERA-40 (1958-2001) reanalysis data sets for Central Southwest Asia (CSWA).The domain of the study is 45° - 75°E & 25° - 40°N. Only the land area has been used in these calculations. It is noted in the comparison of both reanalysis data sets with Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) that all three data sets record different precipitation before 1970. The maximum is from NCEP and the minimum with ERA-40. However, after 1970 all the data sets record almost the same precipitation. ERA-40 computes two phases of mC. Before 1975, the domain acts as a moisture source, whereas after 1975 it behaves as a moisture sink. The region CSWA is divided into six sub areas with rotational principle factor analysis and we distinguish them by different approached weather systems acting on each area. Finally, NCEP yearly precipitation is further divided into seasons;winter (November to April) and summer (may to October) and two phases have been noted. The variation in winter precipitation is more than summer during last 60-year analysis.

关键词： Water Budgets Drought over Central Southwest Asia moisture Flux Convergence Principle Component Analysis Climate Change

Latent Profiles of Social media Users, STI Knowledge, and Condom Use among African American Young Adults

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Social Networking 2020年第1期9卷 1-10页

作者： Chakema Carmack Lycinda Rodriguez taylor m. Coleman megan Heath Tiffany Ewere Psychological Health & Learning Sciences Department University of Houston Houston TX USA

The abundance of social networking platforms has increased the frequency and the availability for which individuals communicate with one another. The feasibility and accessibility to go online to find sexual partners pose opportunity for contracting sexually transmitted infections (STI) in the absence of safe sexual practices. Low condom use has been reported among young adults who seek sexual partners online. African American young adults have some of the highest rates of infection for certain STIs. In order to mitigate the incidence and prevalence of STIs in at-risk populations, sexually active young adults must use condoms consistently and correctly during sexual activities. The present study sought to uncover the heterogeneity within African American young adults regarding their online networking utilization, STI knowledge, and sexual risk behavior. African American young adults (N = 236), ages 18 - 23, completed private online survey administration. Using latent class analysis, three classes were identified: Social Network Communicators (43%;N = 101), Social Networking Daters (36%;N = 83), and media Sharers (21%;N = 52). Social Networking Daters exhibited the highest probability of using online dating sites daily, low STI knowledge, and a zero probability of consistent condom use. All three groups exhibited relatively low STI knowledge. Furthermore, having a history of STI increased the likelihood of being classified into the Social Networking Daters class relative to the other classes. Findings highlight the need to capitalize upon online platforms for African American young adults who utilize online dating sites and other online environments.

关键词： Social Networking Condom Use Online Dating Sexual Behavior Latent Class Analysis

The Sensitivity of the Critical Resistance model to Detect Sex-Related Differences in Fatigue During Submaximal muscular Contractions

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2019年第2期1卷 151-158页

作者： taylor K.Dinyer m.Travis Byrd Ashley N.Vesotsky Pasquale J.Succi Jody L.Clasey Haley C.Bergstrom Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion University of Kentucky1210 University DriveSeaton CenterLexingtonKY 40502USA

Purpose Critical resistance(CR)is a fatigue threshold that,theoretically,estimates the highest sustainable resistance for repeated skeletal muscle *** are typically more susceptible to fatigue than women during sustained muscular ***,the purpose of this study was to compare the CR between men and women to determine the sensi-tivity of the CR model to detect sex-related differences in fatigue at submaximal *** Ten men and 10 women completed one-repetition maximum(1Rm)testing for the deadlift and repetitions to failure at 50%,60%,70%,and 80%of 1Rm for the determination of *** to failure were then performed at the estimated *** The men had a greater absolute 1Rm(168±27 kg vs.115±11 kg)and CR(62±14 kg vs.48±6 kg),but a lower relative CR(percent of 1Rm;37±6%vs.41±2%)and completed fewer repetitions at CR(45±14 repetitions vs.58±12 repetitions)compared to the *** The CR model was sensitive to detect sex-related differences in fatiguing muscular contractions of the *** addition,the men were more susceptible to fatigue than the women during performance of submaximal muscular contractions at CR,which may be related to sex-dependent physiological responses during fatiguing muscular contractions.

关键词： Resistance training Repetitions to failure Women Deadlift Sex differences

Evaluation of Barriers to Prevent Lead Contamination of Produce Grown in Urban Gardens

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第12期11卷 1064-1072页

作者： Celine Richard Kathryn Fontenot Edward Bush Heather Kirk-Ballard m. taylor Bryant School of Plant Environmental & Soil Sciences Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge USA

High lead (Pb) contamination of soils is a threat to human health. Indirect ingestion occurs within the food chain through activities such as growing vegetables with an ability to accumulate lead in edible tissues. many university extension systems recommend growing vegetables in raised beds to avoid lead contamination. However, there is limited scientific evidence of the efficacy of raised beds in reducing lead uptake in vegetable crops. To address the soil-lead exposure pathway from garden to consumption, this study supplements gaps in the literature pertaining to raised-bed garden practices by evaluating lining materials. Simulated raised beds were constructed to evaluate barriers (neoprene rubber sheeting, landscape fabric and a no barrier control) placed between contaminated (500 ppm) and uncontaminated garden media. The resulting data suggests that neoprene rubber sheeting is not an effective barrier to prevent lead uptake in vegetable crops. In fact, the neoprene barrier contained elevated amounts of lead contributing to higher levels of lead (p ≤ 0.05) within the plant tissue as compared to a no barrier treatment.

关键词： Raised Bed Chinese Cabbage Heavy metal Soilless media

Flux penetration of an HTS coated-conductor tape by an approaching permanent magnet

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Superconductivity 2022年第4期4卷 41-50页

作者： R.W.taylor T.Booth m.D.Ainslie H.W.Weijers R.A.Badcock C.W.Bumby Paihau-Robinson Research Institute Victoria University of WellingtonLower Hutt 5010New Zealand macDiarmid Institute Victoria University of WellingtonWellington 6140New Zealand Department of Engineering King’s College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUnited Kingdom

Interactions between inhomogeneous magnetic fields and a superconductor lie at the heart of several high‐temperature superconducting(HTS)*** example is the situation where the magnetic field from a small permanent magnet(Pm)is applied to a coated‐conductor HTS tape,such that flux penetrates the *** Pm field is highly spatially inhomogeneous,such that there is significant variation in the applied field magnitude and direction across the *** leads to a varying local critical current density,J_(c)(B,θ),across the tape,and consequently different‘shielding’(magnetic flux penetration)behaviour than is the case for a uniform applied ***,we report results from measurements and numerical simulations of the penetrating magnetic field within an HTS coated‐conductor tape which occur as a Pm dipole approaches from a *** simulations were performed using a finite‐element model based on the H‐formulation,and which incorporated experimentally‐measured anisotropic J_(c)(B,θ)Þproperties from a coated‐conductor *** showed good agreement with experimental *** effects of varying key modelling assumptions and parameters were then studied,including changing the widths of the Pm and HTS tape and the magnitude of J_(c)(B,θ).The inhomogeneity of the Pm field leads to a characteristic gull‐wing distribution of magnetic flux across the superconductor at elevated applied *** approach of the Pm to the tape suppresses Jc in the centre of the tape,and this results in the observation of a characteristic maxima for the total shielding currents circulating in the tape.A figure of merit is introduced which uses this effect to provide a threshold definition for‘full flux penetration’of an HTS tape by an inhomogeneous dipole field.

关键词： Coated conductor High temperature superconductors HTS modelling Finite‐element method

method to assess component contribution to toxicity of complex mixtures： Assessment of puberty acquisition in rats exposed to disinfection byproducts

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 311-321页

作者： Shahid Parvez Glenn E.Rice Linda K.Teuschler Jane ellen Simmons Thomas F.Speth Susan D.Richardson Richard J.miltner E.Sidney Hunter Ⅲ Jonathan G.Pressman Lillian F.Strader Gary R.Klinefelter Jerome m.Goldman michael G.Narotsky Indiana University Richard m. Fairbanks School of Public Health Department of Environmental Health Sciences IUPUI Campus Indianapolis IN 46202 USA National Center for Environmental Assessment Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati OH 45268 USA Lincla Teuschler and Associates St. Petersburg FL 33707 USA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park NC 27711 USA National Risk management Research Laboratory Office of Research and Development U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati OH 45268 USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 USA

A method based on regression modeling was developed to discern the contribution of component chemicals to the toxicity of highly complex, environmentally realistic mixtures of disinfection byproducts（DBPs）. Chemical disinfection of drinking water forms DBP *** of concerns about possible reproductive and developmental toxicity, a whole mixture（Wm） of DBPs produced by chlorination of a water concentrate was administered as drinking water to Sprague–Dawley（S–D） rats in a multigenerational study. Age of puberty acquisition,i.e., preputial separation（PPS） and vaginal opening（VO）, was examined in male and female offspring, respectively. When compared to controls, a slight, but statistically significant delay in puberty acquisition was observed in females but not in males. Wm-induced differences in the age at puberty acquisition were compared to those reported in S–D rats administered either a defined mixture（Dm） of nine regulated DBPs or individual DBPs. Regression models were developed using individual animal data on age at PPS or VO from the Dm study. Puberty acquisition data reported in the Wm and individual DBP studies were then compared with the Dm models. The delay in puberty acquisition observed in the Wm-treated female rats could not be distinguished from delays predicted by the Dm regression model, suggesting that the nine regulated DBPs in the Dm might account for much of the delay observed in the Wm. This method is applicable to mixtures of other types of chemicals and other endpoints.

关键词： Drinking water disinfection byproducts DBP Puberty delay Four Lab Study mixtures risk assessment