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Effect of carcass contamination on necrophagous invertebrate performance

Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 795-803页

作者： ellard r.hunting Maarten Schrama Daniel E.rozen Christina Joenssen Nadja r.Brun Institute of Environmental Sciences Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands. School of Biological Sciences University of BristolBristolUK. Naturalis Biodiversity Centre LeidenThe Netherlands. Institute of Biology Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands. Current Address:Department of Biological Sciences University of BergenBergenNorway

Background:The breakdown of dead organic matter is driven by a diverse array of organisms and is an important process increasingly impacted by a range of *** many studies have documented how contaminants affect food webs that are fueled by decaying plant litters,much less is known about how contaminants affect organisms that rely on dead animal ***,we begin to explore the effects of food contamination—using silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)as a model contaminant—on the carrion beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides that buries carcasses of small vertebrates in soils as food source and larval nursing ***:Our data show that a single ingestion of a non-lethal dose of 1μg mL^(−1) AgNPs by adult female beetles does not affect overall gut microbial activity but results in shifts in the gut microbial community composition towards pathogens including Alcaligenes,Morganella,and *** no effects were observed in offspring clutch size,some reductions were visible in clutch weight,number of larvae,and number of eclosing pupae in exposed *** in comparison with *** ingestion of AgNPs over several weeks led to a decrease in survival of adult beetles,suggesting that more environmentally realistic exposure scenarios can directly affect the success of carcass-feeding ***:Sub-lethal carcass contamination with a model pollutant can affect the gut microbial composition in female beetles and reduce offspring *** encourages consideration of currently overlooked propagation routes of contaminants through necrophagous food webs and inherent consequences for ecological and evolutionary processes.

关键词： Gut microbiome Maternal transfer Offspring fitness DECOTAB Nanoparticles Bactericidal compounds Carrion beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides

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root-derived organic matter confines sponge community composition in mangrove ecosystems

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 139-142页

作者： ellard r.hunting Selma M Ubels Michiel HS Kraak Harm G van der Geest University of Amsterdam Aquatic Ecology and EcotoxicologyInstitute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics(IBED-AEE)Sciencepark 904NL-1098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Introduction:Caribbean mangrove-associated sponge communities are very distinct from sponge communities living on nearby reefs,but the mechanisms that underlie this distinction remain *** has been hypothesized that dissolved organic matter(DOM)leaching from mangrove roots and the ability of mangrove-associated spongebacterial consortia to degrade mangrove DOM may cause this ***:This study tested whether mangrove DOM,leaching from mimicry substrates or directly injected in sponge tissue,affected the performance of a reef and a mangrove sponge ***:Controls and the mangrove sponge remained unaffected by mangrove DOM leaching from mimicry substrates or directly injected in sponge tissue,but the reef species showed substantial necrosis when exposed to mangrove ***:results presented in this study suggest that mangrove DOM confines the composition of sponge communities in mangrove ecosystems,explaining the exclusion of typical reef species and the adjacent occurrence of distinct sponge communities.

关键词： Dissolved organic matter Mangrove root Necrosis Polyphenols Sponges reef

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