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ntegrated approach to winery waste： waste generation and data consolidation

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第1期10卷 168-176页

作者： Margarida OLIVEIRA elizabeth DUARTE Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA) University of Lisbon 1349-017 Lisboa Portugal Escola Superior Agrairia de Santarem (ESAS) Instituto Superior Politecnico de Santarem 2001-904 Santarem Portugal

The winemaking process involves the genera- tion of a significant amount of waste and wastewater. These residues should be addressed for recycling or treatment before being returned to environment. As each winery is unique in waste generation and disposal, plans for environmentally friendly waste management are not universal and should be tested for their effectiveness. In this study, a diagnostic was made during three years, in different wineries, throughout Portugal, in order to quantify and characterize the waste and the wastewater produced. The results showed that solid waste and wastewater are mainly produced during the harvest period, corresponding to 74% and 87%, respectively. One ton of processed grape approximately produce 0.13 t marc, 0.06 t lees, 0.03 t of stalks and 1.65 m3 of wastewater. No significant differences （P≤0.05） were observed for grape marc, lees and wastewater ratios, between years or wineries. With respect to the stalk ratio, there was no effect of year but the winery significantly affected this ratio （P ≤ 0.05）. During the study period the treated wastewater, since diluted, revealed suitable characteristics for irrigation representing an additional source of water. In this regard, the data acquisition and consolidation ensure the transfer of information and experience which constitute an essential step in a support decision tool design.

关键词： waste management wastewater reuse winerywastewater

淮北煤田中高阶煤储层物性表征及深部有利区预测研究

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非常规油气 2024年

作者：侯海海 elizabeth Cruz Pérez 陈泓圳胡博何倩黄乡琴辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院

为定量表征淮北煤田中高阶煤储层物性特征，采用工业分析、显微煤岩组分定量、低温氮吸附、高压压汞、核磁共振等实验手段，对淮北煤田7个煤样的物性特征进行了研究。结果表明，淮北煤田煤显微组分以镜质组为主，最大镜质组反射率变化... 详细信息

为定量表征淮北煤田中高阶煤储层物性特征，采用工业分析、显微煤岩组分定量、低温氮吸附、高压压汞、核磁共振等实验手段，对淮北煤田7个煤样的物性特征进行了研究。结果表明，淮北煤田煤显微组分以镜质组为主，最大镜质组反射率变化较大，在0.7%-2.5%之间，可能受燕山期郯庐和太行山岩浆活动的共同影响。该煤质具有中-高灰分、低-极低硫含量、低磷、中高热值的特点。从低阶煤到中阶煤，由于脱水作用较强，煤基质收缩，吸附孔隙和渗流孔隙体积减小，裂隙体积增大；从中阶煤到高阶煤，吸附孔具有明显的优势，表明其对甲烷的吸附能力增强。预测淮北煤田宿县矿区的南坪深部、桃园祁南深部、彭桥深部、朱仙庄北部，临涣矿区的任楼赵集深部、许疃深部，濉萧矿区的萧西深部为该区煤层气勘探的较有利区，

关键词：淮北煤田煤储层物性孔裂隙结构煤层气有利区优选

Crystal Structure of the MAP3K TAO2 Kinase Domain Bound by an Inhibitor Staurosporine

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2006年第6期38卷 385-392页

作者： elizabeth J.GOLDSMITH USA TX 75390-9038 Department of Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathways are ubiquitous ineukaryotic cells,which transfer signals from the cell surface to the nucleus,controlling multiple *** are activated by MAPK kinases [MAP2Ks or MAP/extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK) kinases (MEK)],which in turn are activated by MAPK kinase kinases (MAP3Ks).TAO2 is a MAP3Klevel kinase that activates the MAP2Ks MEK3 and MEK6 to activate p38 *** p38 MAPKs arekey regulators of expression of inflammatory cytokines,they appear to be involved in human diseases suchas asthma and *** an upstream activator of p38s,TAO2 represents a potential drug *** we report the crystal structure of active TAO2 kinase domain in complex with staurosporine,a broad-range protein kinase inhibitor that inhibits TAO2 with an ICof 3 μ*** structure reveals that staurosporineoccupies the position where the adenosine of ATP binds in TAO2,and the binding of the inhibitor mimicsmany features of ATP *** polar and nonpolar interactions contribute to the *** induces conformational changes in TAO2 residues that surround the inhibitormolecule,but causes very limited global changes in the *** structure provides atomic details forTAO2-staurosporine interactions,and explains the relatively low potency of staurosporine against *** structure presented here should aid in the design of inhibitors specific to TAO2 and related kinases.

关键词： TAO2 MAP3K inhibitor staurosporine crystal structure

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction at Five:Lessons from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第2期11卷 167-178页

作者： elizabeth Maly Anawat Suppasri International Research Institute of Disaster Science Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8579.Japan

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030(SFDRR) represents an inclusive approach to disaster risk reduction, linked to development and recovery. Building on previous international guidelines, the SFDRR promotes practical and measurable outcomes for reducing disaster losses, including indicators to measure progress towards seven specific global *** in the context of the priorities and global targets of the SFDRR, the article considers the case of the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami of 2011 to illustrate advances and limitations in pre-disaster tsunami hazard engineering and post-disaster recovery. With respect to the targets set out in the Sendai Framework related to risk reduction and tsunami engineering, especially Priority 1,understanding disaster risk, there have been significant advances in hazard assessment and systems for tsunami detection and warning. Although the SFDRR emphasizes actions in the recovery phase through Priority 4, enhancing disaster preparedness with an emphasis on the concept of build back better, on its own this does not function as a clear directive for guiding recovery. However, the overall people-centered and inclusive approach of the SFDRR, as well as the global targets and several sub-priorities, can be a useful way to shape good practices in recovery and evaluate recovery progress.

关键词： Build back better Disaster recovery Great East Japan Earthquake Sendai Framework Tsunami risk

Distribution of Panama’s narrow-range trees:are there hot-spots?

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第4期8卷 801-809页

作者： elizabeth Tokarz Richard Condit Morton Arboretum 4100 Illinois Rte.53LisleIL 60532USA

Background:Tree species with narrow ranges are a conservation concern because heightened extinction risk accompanies their small *** risks for these species is challenging,however,especially in tropical flora where their sparse populations seldom appear in traditional plots and ***,we utilize instead large scale databases that combine tree records from many sources to test whether the narrow-range tree species of Panama are concentrated at certain elevations or in certain *** investigations have suggested that the Choco region of eastern Panama and the high mountains of western Panama may be potential hotspots of narrow-range tree ***:All individual records were collected from public databases,and the range size of each tree species found in Panama was estimated as a polygon enclosing all its *** with ranges<20,000 km^(2) were defined as narrow *** divided Panama into geographic regions and elevation zones and counted the number of individual records and the species richness in each,separating narrow-range species from all other ***:The proportion of narrow endemics peaked at elevations above 2000 m,reaching 17.2% of the species *** elevation<1500 m across the country,the proportion was 6-11%,except in the dry Pacific region,where it was 1.5%.Wet forests of the Caribbean coast had 8.4% narrow-range species,slightly higher than other *** total number of narrow endemics,however,peaked at mid-elevation,not high elevation,because total species richness was highest at ***:High elevation forests of west Panama had higher proportions of narrow endemic trees than low-elevation regions,supporting their hot-spot status,while dry lowland forests had the lowest *** supports the notion that montane forests of Central America should be a conservation ***,given generally higher diversity at low-to mid-elevation,lowlands are also import

关键词： Narrow endemic trees Biodiversity hot-spots Panama Rarefaction High elevations BIEN database Narrow-range

Cultural and health implications of fish advisories in a Native American community

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 42-53页

作者： elizabeth Hoover American Studies and Ethnic Studies Brown UniversityBox 1886Providence RI 02860USA

Introduction:Fish advisories are issued in an effort to protect human health from exposure to contaminants,but Native American communities may suffer unintended health,social,and cultural consequences as a result of warnings against eating local *** paper focuses on the Mohawk community of Akwesasne,which lies downstream from a Superfund site,and explores how fish advisories have impacted fish consumption and ***:65 Akwesasne community members were interviewed between March 2008 and April *** were semi-structured,lasted from 30–90 minutes and consisted of open-ended questions about the impacts of environmental contamination on the *** field notes were also maintained during extensive visits between 2007–*** were transcribed,and these transcripts as well as the field notes were analyzed in NVivo *** research received approval from the Akwesasne Task Force on the Environment Research Advisory Committee,as well as the Brown University Institutional Review ***:Three-quarters of the 50 Akwesasne Mohawks interviewed have ceased or significantly curtailed their local fish consumption due to the issuance of fish advisories or witnessing or hearing about deformities on *** of these respondents have turned to outside sources of fish,from other communities or from grocery *** change in fish consumption concerns many residents because cultural and social connections developed around fishing are being lost and because fish has been replaced with high-fat high-carb processed foods,which has led to other health ***-quarter of the 50 interviewees still eat local fish,but these are generally middle-aged or older residents;fish consumption no longer occurs in the multi-generational social context it once ***:Human health in Native American communities such as Akwesasne is intimately tied to the health of the *** advisories should not be used as an institutional

关键词： Fish advisories Native American Mohawk Haudenosaunee PCBs Superfund St.Lawrence River Health risk assessment

Hydrologic experiments and modeling of two laboratory bioretention systems under different boundary conditions

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第4期11卷 83-92页

作者： Ruifen Liu elizabeth Fassman-Beck Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering Hubei University of Technology Wuhan 430068 China Department of Civil Environmental and Ocean Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ 07030 USA

Hydrologic performance of bioretention systems is significantly influenced by the media composition and underdrain configuration. This research measured hydrologic performance of column-scale bioretention systems during a synthetic design storm of 25.9 mm, assuming a system area：catchment area ratio of 5%. The laboratory experiments involved two different engineered media and two different drainage configurations. Results show that the two engineered mediawith different sand aggregates were able to retain about 36% of the inflow volume with tree drainage conlaguratlon. However, the medium with marine sand is better at delaying the occurrence of drainage than the one with pumice sand, denoting the better detention ability of the former. For both engineered media, an underdrain configuration with internal water storage （IWS） zone lowered drainage volume and peak drainage rate as well as delayed the occurrence of drainage and peak drainage rate, as compared to a free drainage configuration. The USEPA SWMM v5.1.11 model was applied for the tree drainage configuration case, and there is a reasonable fit between observed and modeled drainag.e-rates when media-specific characteristics are available. For the IWS drainage configuration case, air entrapment was observed to occur in the engineered medium with manne sand. F^lhng ot an IWS zone is most likely to be influenced by many factors, such as the structure of the bioretention system, medium physical and hydraulic properties, and inflow characteristics. More research is needed on the analysis and modeling of hydrologic process in bioretention with IWS drainage configuration.

关键词： Bioretention Hydrologic process Underdrain configuration SWMM Modeling

Exploring Loss and Damage at the International Climate Change Talks

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2014年第3期5卷 242-246页

作者： Karen elizabeth McNamara School of Geography Planning and Environmental ManagementThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

In recent years, there has been a growing need to address loss and damage as a result of climate change through international processes. At the most recent November 2013 international climate change talks in Warsaw, 194 countries negotiated the best way to establish institutional arrangements for loss and damage under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Such a decision to establish these arrangements was made in 2012 in Doha in a decision known as the‘‘Doha Gateway.’’ While the 19th(2013) Conference of the Parties succeeded in delivering the Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage Associated with Climate Change Impacts, there was concern by some negotiators earlier into the conference that this would never transpire given the staunch disagreements between countries and lobbying blocks on a way forward. This article provides a brief historical overview of loss and damage at the climate change talks, and examines the key discourses defining this issue between 2011 and 2013 by analyzing submissions by lobbying blocks and member countries, and final negotiated texts. These discourses revolve around causality and solutions, compensation, and the relationship between loss and damage and adaptation.

关键词： Adaptation Climate change Loss and damage Mitigation United Nations

The role of the TrkB-T1 receptor in the neurotrophin-4/5 antagonism of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on corticostriatal synaptic transmission

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 1973-1976页

作者： elizabeth Hernandez-Echeagaray Unidad de Investigacion en Biomedicina FES-Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexicoMexico

This manuscript reviews the function and fundamental characteristics of the neurotrophins and their receptors to introduce the reader to the differential effects exhibited by the neurotrophins;brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin 4/5 when acted together after sequential *** neurotrophin 4/5 exhibits an inhibitory action on the modulatory effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in corticostriatal synapses when they are administered sequentially(brain-derived neurotrophic factor to neurotrophin 4/5).This inhibitory effect has not been previously documented and is relevant for these neurotrophins as both of them stimulate the TrkB *** additive effect of these neurotrophins is also discussed and occurs when neurotrophin 4/5 exposure is followed by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in a mouse model of striatal *** and additive effects of both neurotrophins are accompanied by changes in the expression of the TrkB receptor isoforms,specifically TrkB-T1 and TrkB-FL,as well as differences in phosphorylation levels of the TrkB *** results of the experiments described raise several questions to inquire about the role that TrkB-T1 receptor plays in striatal physiology,as well as the functional relevance of the interaction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin 4/5 in the brain and more specifically at the striatal circuits in normal as well as pathological conditions.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor neurotrophin 4/5 occlusive striatum synergic TrkB-FL TrkB-T1