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Survey concerning internal medicine physicians and prolonged QT interval:Knowledge and treatment practices

World Journal of cardiology 2021年第3期13卷 42-45页

作者： elizabeth Wendl Nelson Telles Geoff c Wall Department of Medical Education Internal Medicine Residency ProgramIowa Methodist Medical CenterDes MoinesIA 50311United States Department of cardiology Internal Medicine Residency ProgramIowa Methodist Medical CenterDes MoinesIA 50311United States Department of Pharmacy Practice Drake University College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesDes MoinesIA 50311United States Internal Medicine Residency Program Iowa Methodist Medical CenterDes MoinesIA 50311United States

Prolongation of the QT interval is associated with adverse cardiac events specifically Torsades de pointes(TdP).There are multiple mediations that have a known,possible,or conditional risk for prolonged QT interval,but general practitioners’knowledge of these medications is *** conducted a survey to assess internal medicine(IM)providers’knowledge of risk factors and medications associated with prolonged QT as well as provider experience and comfort when treating patients with prolonged QT.A 17-question,anonymous survey was constructed in 2019 and distributed to IM providers and residents at a tertiary care *** included demographic information,6 Likert-scale questions gauging provider experience with prolonged QT,and 10 multiple choice clinical vignettes to assess clinical *** was analyzed *** was assessed via clinical vignettes and compared by level of ***-one responses were received out of a total of 87 possible respondents(47.1%response rate).About 70%of respondents see patients with acquired prolonged QT once monthly or more.95%rarely see congenital prolonged *** presented with QTc drug issues,73%of providers seldom or sometimes consulted pharmacy,but about half used online *** average correct score on the clinical vignettes was 5.59/10,with the highest scores seen in attending physicians in their first five years of practice(6.96/10).Our survey suggests that IM providers commonly encounter QT prolonging *** efforts to improve knowledge of drug and patient risk factors for TdP may be needed.

关键词： QTc Torsades de pointes Pharmacotherapy Survey Long QT syndrome Drug interactions

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More evidence intratumoral DHT synthesis drives castration-resistant prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第1期16卷 99-100页

作者： elizabeth M Wilson Laboratories for Reproductive Biology Department of Pediatrics Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of North Carolina

Again-of-function stabilizing somatic mutation in 3β-hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase type 1 （3βHSDI, HSD3B1） was reported in castration-resistant prostate cancer. The A-c nucleotide polymorphism replaced asparagine-367 with threonine （3βHSD1-N367T） as a homozygous somatic mutation in a subset of castration-resistant prostate cancers by loss of heterozygosity of the wild-type allele. Increased stability of 3[HSD I-N367T was associated with decreased ubiquitin-mediated degradation and higher levels of dihydrotestosterone （DHT）. The studies suggest that genetic instability in castration-resistant prostate cancer favors the more stable 313HSD I-N367T mutant that contributes to drug resistance. A somatic mutation in a steroid metabolic enzyme required for DHT synthesis provides further support for intratumoral androgen synthesis contributing to prostate cancer progression.

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Invasion genetics： Lessons from a ubiquitous bird, the house sparrow Passer domesticus

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current Zoology 2015年第3期61卷 465-476页

作者： Andrea L. LIEBL Aaron W. ScHREY Samuel c. ANDREW elizabeth L.SHELDON Simon c. GRIFFITH University of Exeter ComwaU Campus Penryn Cornwall TR10 9EZ UK Department of Biology Armstrong State University Savannah GA31419 USA Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia

Following an introduction, non-native species are exposed to environments that differ from those found in their native range; further, as these non-native species expand beyond the site of introduction, they must constantly adapt to novel environ- ments. Although introduced species are present across most ecosystems, few species have successfully established themselves on a truly global scale. One such species, the house sparrow Passer domesticus, is now one of the world＇s most broadly distributed vertebrate species and has been introduced to a great part of its current range. To date, work on four continents suggests both ge- netic and phenotypic variation exists between native and introduced ranges. As such, house sparrows represent an excellent op- portunity to study adaptations to novel environments and how these adaptations are derived. The global distribution of this spe- cies and the multiple independent introductions to geographically isolated sites allow researchers to ask questions regarding ge- netic variation and adaptation on a global scale. Here, we summarize the molecular studies of invasive house sparrows from the earliest work using allozymes through more recent work on epigenetics; using these studies, we discuss patterns of dispersal of this species. We then discuss future directions in techniques （e.g. next generation sequencing） and how they will provide new in- sight into questions that are fundamental to invasion biology. Finally, we discuss how continued research on the house sparrow in light of these genetic changes and adaptations will elucidate answers of adaptation, invasion biology, range expansion, and resi- lience in vertebrate systems generally

关键词： House sparrow Invasive Passer domesticus

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Severe dengue associated with aseptic meningitis, acute kidney injury, and sudden sensorineural hearing loss: A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第4期14卷 187-190页

作者： Renan GM Diniz Elaine c dos Santos Gabriel cL chagas elizabeth F Daher Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineFederal University of CearaCearaBrazil Department of Intensive care Unit Fortaleza General HospitalFortalezaCearaBrazil Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences Department of Internal MedicineFederal University of CearaFortalezaCearaBrazil

Rationale:Dengue is the most important human arboviral *** manifestations occur rarely in *** the best of our knowledge,there is only one reported case of dengue-associated sudden sensorineural hearing loss(SSNHL)in Brazil untill *** concerns:A 42-year-old man was presented to the emergency department with unconsciousness and generalized tonicclonic ***:Dengue-associated aseptic meningitis,acute kidney injury,and ***:The patient was treated with anticonvulsants and thiamine and underwent mechanical *** received combined ceftriaxone and acyclovir,which were later switched to meropenem,acyclovir and ampicillin empirically until culture results became *** also required hemodialysis and plasmapheresis sessions and fresh frozen plasma and buffy coat transfusions until definitive ***:The patient was discharged after improvement of his general condition and of his blood test results,but hearing loss remained.A six-month follow-up visit showed persistent ***:Dengue should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients from dengue-endemic areas presenting an acute febrile disease with neurological *** the best of our knowledge,this is the second reported case of dengueassociated SSNHL,suggesting an association between dengue and development of SSNHL.

关键词： Dengue Aseptic meningitis Acute kidney injury Sensorineural hearing loss Deafness

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Associations between aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity,sleep duration,and risk of all-cause mortality:A prospective cohort study of 282,473 ***

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 65-72页

作者： Mitch J.Duncan Stina Oftedal christopher E Kline Ronald c.Plotnikoff elizabeth G.Holliday School of Medicine&Public Health College of HealthMedicineand WellbeingThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Priority Research centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Department of Health&Human Development The University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA School of Education University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

Purpose:To examine the joint associations between meeting guidelines for physical activity(PA)and sleep duration and all-cause mortality risk among ***:Participants were adults(n=282,473)aged 18-84 years who participated in the 2004-2014 *** Health Interview *** status was ascertained using the National Death Index through December ***-reported PA(Active:meeting both aerobic(AER)and muscle-strengthening(MSA)guidelines,AER only(AER),MSA only(MSA),or not meeting either AER or MSA(Inactive))and sleep duration(Short,recommended(Rec),or Long)were classified according to guidelines,and 12 PA-sleep categories were *** hazard ratios and 95%confidence intervals(95%cIs)for all-cause mortality risk were estimated using cox proportional hazards regression ***:A total of 282,473 participants(55%females)were included;18,793 deaths(6.7%)occurred over an average follow-up of 5.4 *** to the Active-Rec group,all other PA-sleep groups were associated with increased mortality risk except for the Active-Short group(hazard ratio=1.08;95%cI:0.92-1.26).The combination of long sleep with either MSA or Inactive appeared to be *** a given sleep duration,mortality risk progressively increased among participants classified as AER,MSA,and *** each activity level,the mortality risk was greatest among adults with long ***:Relative to adults meeting guidelines for both PA and sleep duration,adults who failed to meet guidelines for both AER and muscle strengthening PA and who also failed to meet sleep duration guidelines had elevated all-cause mortality *** results support interventions targeting both PA and sleep duration to reduce mortality risk.

关键词： Activity-sleep patterns All-cause mortality Prospective Resistance training

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Single injection of platelet-rich plasma as a novel treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第11期10卷 1856-1859页

作者： Michael Alexander Malahias elizabeth O.Johnson George c.Babis Vasileios S.Nikolaou Second Department of Orthopedics Athens University Department of Anatomy School of Medicine Athens University

Both in vitro and in vivo experiments have confirmed that platelet-rich plasma has therapeutic effects on many neuropathies, but its effects on carpal tunnel syndrome remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate whether single injection of platelet-rich plasma can improve the clinical symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome. Fourteen patients presenting with median nerve injury who had suffered from mild carpal tunnel syndrome for over 3 months were included in this study. Under ultrasound guidance, 1-2 m L of platelet-rich plasma was injected into the region around the median nerve at the proximal edge of the carpal tunnel. At 1 month after single injection of platelet-rich plasma, Visual Analogue Scale results showed that pain almost disappeared in eight patients and it was obviously alleviated in three patients. Simultaneously, the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand questionnaire showed that upper limb function was obviously improved. In addition, no ultrasonographic manifestation of the carpal tunnel syndrome was found in five patients during ultrasonographic measurement of the width of the median nerve. During 3-month follow-up, the pain was not greatly alleviated in three patients. These findings show very encouraging mid-term outcomes regarding use of platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome.

关键词： nerve regeneration carpal tunnel syndrome platelet-rich plasma ultrasound guidance pilot study neural regeneration

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The role of phase impurities and lattice defects on the electron dynamics and photochemistry of cuFeO2 solar photocathodes

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Nano Research 2019年第9期12卷 2390-2399页

作者： elizabeth A. Fugate Somnath Biswas Mathew c. clement Minkyu Kim Dongjoon Kim Aravind Asthagiri L. Robert Baker Department of chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Department of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

cuFeO2 is a promising photocathode for H2 evolution and cO2 reduction *** better understand the complex defect chemistry and role of impurity phases in this material and their effect on the photochemical performance,we employ visible light transient absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory(DFT)calculations to investigate the electron dynamics in electrochemically deposited cu-Fe oxide thin *** analysis of carrier lifetime shows a fast,sub-ps contribution to relaxation followed by persistence of a Iong-lived state to time delays greater than 2 *** amplitude of the Iong-lived state is shown to correlate with the rate of fast initial relaxation,and this is explained in terms of a competition between charge carrier trapping and charge *** separation in cuFeO2 occurs via hole thermalizati on from O 2p to cu 3d vale nee band states leadi ng to segregatio n of electr ons and holes across layers in the cuFeO2 *** between transient absorption measurements and DFT calculations suggest that cu vacancies enhanee photochemical performance by facilitating charge separation *** contrast,O interstitials are predicted to switch the relative positions of O 2p and cu 3d vale nee band states,which would in hibit charge separatio n by in ter-band hole thermal izatio *** ally,we find no evide nee for electron in jecti on from cuFeO2 to cuO suggest!ng that charge separati on at this heterostructure in terface does not play a role in the carrier lifetime or photochemical performance of the catalysts studied here.

关键词： delafossite cuFeO2 charge-carrier dynamics transient absorption spectroscopy cu vacancy O interstitial

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Sodium and water perturbations in patients who had an acute stroke:clinical relevance and management strategies for the neurologist

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第3期7卷 258-266页

作者： Kevin c J Yuen Valerie Sharf elizabeth Smith Minhwan Kim Alissya S M Yuen Paul R MacDonald Departments of Neuroendocrinology and Neurosurgery Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA University of Arizona college of Medicine and creighton School of Medicine PhoenixArizonaUSA Department of Neurology Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA Midwestern University GlendaleIllinoisUSA creighton University School of Medicine PhoenixArizonaUSA University of california Davis DavisCaliforniaUSA

Sodium and water perturbations,manifesting as hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia,are common in patients who had an acute stroke,and are associated with worse outcomes and increased *** non-stroke related causes of sodium and water perturbations in these patients include underlying comorbidities and concomitant ***,hospitalised patients who had an acute stroke may receive excessive intravenous hypotonic solutions,have poor fluid intake due to impaired neurocognition and consciousness,may develop sepsis or are administered drugs(eg,mannitol);factors that can further alter serum sodium *** and water perturbations can also be exacerbated by the development of endocrine consequences after an acute stroke,including secondary adrenal insufficiency,syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion and diabetes ***,cOVID-19 infection has been reported to increase the risk of development of sodium and water perturbations that may further worsen the outcomes of patients who had an acute *** there are currently no accepted consensus guidelines on the management of sodium and water perturbations in patients who had an acute stroke,we conducted a systematic review of the literature published in English and in peer-reviewed journals between January 2000 and December 2020,according to PRISMA guidelines,to assess on the current knowledge and clinical practices of this *** this review,we discuss the signs and symptoms of hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia,the pathogenesis of hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia,their clinical relevance,and we provide our recommendations for effective treatment strategies for the neurologist in the management of sodium and water perturbations in commonly encountered aetiologies of patients who had an acute stroke.

关键词： patients impaired consequences

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Mitochondrial membrane protein Bcl-xL, a regulator of adult neuronal growth and synaptic plasticity: multiple functions beyond apoptosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第19期9卷 1706-1707页

作者： Han-A Park elizabeth A.Jonas Department of Internal Medicine Section of EndocrinologyYale University

The B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl2） family of proteins participates in cell death or survival through a mitochondrial pathway. The pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl2 family such as Bim, Bid, Bax and Bak trigger cell death by contributing to the enhancement of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabil- ity to pro-apoptotic factors such as cytochrome c, with the subsequent activation of caspases. The anti-apoptotic mem- bers, such as B-cell lymphoma-extra large （Bd-xL）, block the pro-apoptotic Bcl2 members and prevent cell death. Bcl-xL is abundantly expressed during development and in mature neurons, suggesting that it plays a role in protection from death from untoward events occurring in adult life such as ischemia, inflammation or trauma. When these neurotoxic in- sults occur, Bcl-xL translocates to mitochondria and prevents activation and homo-oligomerization of pro-apoptotic family members such Bax and Bak. Numerous studies have shown pro-survival roles for Bcl-xL in adult neurons using various models; nevertheless, the role of Bcl-xL outside of the field of neuronal death, i.e., in adult neuronal growth, excitability or synaptic plasticity, has not been studied in depth.

关键词： Mitochondrial membrane protein Bcl-xL a regulator of adult neuronal growth and synaptic plasticity RNAi Bax

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Evolution for extreme living:variation in mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase genes correlated with elevation in pikas(genus Ochotona)

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第5期13卷 517-535页

作者： Katherine A.SOLARI elizabeth A.HADLY Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA Woods Institute for the Environment Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA Program for conservation Genomics Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA

The genus Ochotona(pikas)is a clade of cold-tolerant lagomorphs that includes many high-elevation *** offer a unique opportunity to study adaptations and potential limitations of an ecologically important mammal to high-elevation *** analyzed the evolution of 3 mitochondrial genes encoding the catalytic core of cytochrome c oxidase(cOX)in 10 pika species occupying elevations from sea level to 5000 *** is an enzyme highly reliant on oxygen and essential for cell *** amino acid property,the equilibrium constant(ionization of cOOH),was found to be under selection in the overall protein *** observed a strong relationship between the net value change in this property and the elevation each species occupies,with higher-elevation species having potentially more efficient *** also found evidence of selection in low-elevation species for potentially less efficient cOX,perhaps trading efficiency for heat production in the absence of *** results suggest that different pika species may have evolved elevation-specific cOX proteins,specialization that may indicate limitations in their ability to shift their elevational ranges in response to future climate change.

关键词： cOX cytochrome c oxidase hypoxia Ochotona pika

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