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Prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity in Brunei Darussalam

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第3期6卷 381-384页

作者： Nadir Ali Mohamed Ali Joshua George Nayan Joshi elizabeth Chong Department of Ophthalmology RIPAS Hospital Department of Neonatology RIPAS Hospital

AIM: To identify the prevalence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among preterm neonates admitted to Department of Neonatology, RIPAS hospital, Brunei Darussalam. ·METHODS: We studied 67 preterm infants fulfilling the eligibility criteria for ROP screening. All infants studied were admitted to the Department of Neonatology, RIPAS Hospital, within a period of one year. Birth weight (BW), gestational age (GA), corrected age at each review, initial and final diagnoses and number of reviews required was recorded for each infant. Infants were followed up two weekly until they reach a corrected age of 40 weeks or complete vascularization was noted. Prevalence of ROP was identified. Descriptive analysis, regression analysis and independent-sample t-test were used to statistically check for differences between ROP and non -ROP groups. ·RESULTS: A total number of 201 ROP screenings were carried out for 67 preterm infants. Males outnumbered females (56.7%). The mean number of reviews per child was (3.19 ±1.1) times (range: 1 -6 times), the mean GA among the preterm babies examined was (29.5 ±2.6) weeks (range: 23 -36 weeks), and the mean BW was 1300 ±500g (range: 660 -3600g). The prevalence of ROP among the examined infants was 34.8% . Prevalence of threshold disease that required laser treatment was 25.4% . Prevalence of ROP among those with extremely low BW was 86.7% compared to 27.8% in those with very low BW. Respiratory distress and congenital heart diseases were significantly associated with higher incidence of ROP. ·CONCLUSION: Lower BW, lower GA and female gender are associated with higher risk of developing ROP among preterm infants in Brunei Darussalam.

关键词： retinopathy of prematurity preterm very low birth weight extremely low birth weight

Chromoblastomycosis as a problem of the tropics

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第3期2卷 79-80页

作者： Bava Amadeo Javier Rodriguez Rios elizabeth Troncoso Alcides Department of Micology La Plata National UniversityBuenos Aires State Department of Microbiology Parasitology and Infectious DiseasesSchool of MedicineBuenos Aires University

Chromoblastomycosis can also cause severe but usually superficial lesions on the *** other deep mycosis, this chronic and disabling condition is seen in many tropical regions,including Argentina,where this man was ***... 详细信息

关键词： Chromoblastomycosis Verrucous Lesiones

Genetic Variations in Human Parechovirus Type 3 in Infants with Central Nervous System Infection

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第6期36卷 1660-1663页

作者： Lamprini Posnakoglou elizabeth-Barbara Tatsi Tania Siahanidou Vasiliki Syriopoulou Athanasios Michos Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy Research Laboratory First Department of PediatricsMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens"Aghia Sophia"Children's HospitalAthens 11527Greece First Department of Pediatrics Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens"Aghia Sophia"Children's HospitalAthens 11527Greece

Dear Editor,Human parechoviruses(HPeVs)are members of the Picornaviridae family and consist of a non-enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA(+ssRNA)(Kadambariet al.2019;Sridhar et al.2019).The Parechovirus genus is comprised of six species,Parechovirus A,B(formerly named Ljungan virus),C(Sebokele virus),D(ferret parechovirus),E(falcon parechovirus)and F(gecko parechovirus).Their 7.3 kb genome contains 3 regions(P1–P3),which encode a *** P1 region encodes the structural proteins of the virus in the following order VP0,VP3 and VP1,which form the icosahedral capsid(Benschop et al.2010).

关键词： Human virus Central

Targeting MYCN and ALK in resistant and relapsing neuroblastoma

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第3期2卷 803-812页

作者： elizabeth R Tucker Evon Poon Louis Chesler Division of Clinical Studies The Institute of Cancer ResearchSuttonSM25NGUK

Neuroblastoma, a tumor of peripheral nerve, is the most common solid tumor of young children. In high-risk disease, which comprises approximately half of patients, death from chemotherapy-resistant, metastatic relapse is very frequent. Children who relapse exhibit clonal enrichment of two genomic alterations: high-level amplification of the MYCN oncogene, and kinase domain mutations of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene. Overall survival in this patient cohort is less than 15% at 3 years, and there are few options for rationally targeted therapy. Neuroblastoma patients exhibit de novo resistance to many existing ALK inhibitors, and no clinical therapeutics to target MYCN have yet been developed. This review outlines the international efforts to uncover mechanisms of oncogenic action that are therapeutically targetable using small-molecule inhibitors. We describe a mechanistic interaction in which ALK upregulates MYCN transcription, and discuss clinical trials emerging to develop transcriptional inhibitors of MYCN, and to identify effective inhibitors of ALK in neuroblastoma patients.

关键词： Neuroblastoma anaplastic lymphoma kinase MYCN therapeutics

Estimation of the density of neural,glial,and endothelial lineage cells in the adult mouse dentate gyrus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第6期17卷 1286-1292页

作者： Joshua D.Rieskamp Patricia Sarchet Bryon M.Smith elizabeth D.Kirby Neuroscience Graduate Program The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Psychology The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Neuroscience The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Chronic Brain Injury Program The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

The dentate gyrus subregion of the mammalian hippocampus is an adult neural stem cell niche and site of lifelong *** regarding the role of adult-born neuron synaptic integration in hippocampal circuit function are framed by robust estimations of adultborn versus pre/perinatally-born neuron *** contrast,the non-neurogenic functions of adult neural stem cells and their immediate progeny,such as secretion of bioactive growth factors and expression of extracellular matrix-modifying proteins,lack similar framing due to few estimates of their number versus other prominent secretory ***,we apply immunohistochemical methods to estimate cell density of neural stem/progenitor cells versus other major classes of glial and endothelial cell types that are potentially secretory in the dentate gyrus of adult *** the cell types quantified,we found that GFAP^(+)SOX2^(+)stellate astrocytes were the most numerous,followed by CD31^(+)endothelia,GFAP-SOX2^(+)intermediate progenitors,Olig2^(+)oligodendrocytes,Iba1+microglia,and GFAP^(+)SOX2^(+)radial glia-like neural stem *** did not observe any significant sex differences in density of any cell ***,neural stem/progenitor cells were present at a similar density as several cell types known to have potent functional roles via their *** findings may be useful for refining hypotheses regarding the contributions of these cell types to regulating hippocampal function and their potential therapeutic *** experimental protocols were approved by the Ohio State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee(protocol#2016A00000068)on July 14,2016.

关键词： adult neurogenesis dentate gyrus endothelia glia hippocampus neural stem cell secretome stereology

Epidemiology of Hepatitis B and Associated Liver Diseases in China

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2012年第4期27卷 243-248页

作者： Yao Zhang Hua Zhang Au elizabeth Xiao-qing Liu Department of Infectious Diseases Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Office of Research Adminstration Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Department of Medicine Tufts University School of Medicine

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has long been a critical public health challenge in China. National surveys revealed a prevalence of approximate 10% for chronic HBV infection in general population. HBV has been the leading cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancers in Chinese population and a common pathogen of acute viral hepatitis. Meanwhile, the epidemic provided important opportunities to research the natural history, public health impact, and therapeutic and preventive interventions for HBV in China. In this review, we summarized the selected key epidemiological studies since 1970s regarding HBV infection and its associated liver diseases in China, and provided considerations for future research, prevention and treatment of HBV.

关键词： hepatitis B epidemiology cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma

Utilizing bimetallic catalysts to mitigate coke formation in dry reforming of methane

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 124-142页

作者： Jaylin Sasson Bitters Tina He elizabeth Nestler Sanjaya D.Senanayake Jingguang G.Chen Cheng Zhang College of Liberal Arts and Sciences Long Island University(Post)BrookvilleNY 11548United States Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712United States Chemistry Division Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973United States Department of Chemical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027United States

Dry reforming of methane(DRM) involves the conversion of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) and methane(CH_(4)) into syngas(a mixture of hydrogen, H_(2), and carbon monoxide, CO), which can then be used to produce a wide range of products by means of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. DRM has gained much attention as a means of mitigating damage from anthropogenic greenhouse gas(GHGs) emissions to the environment and instead utilizing these gases as precursors for value-added chemicals or to synthesize sustainable fuels and chemicals. Carbon deposition or coke formation, a primary cause of catalyst deactivation, has proven to be a major challenge in the development of DRM catalysts. The use of nickel-and cobalt-based catalysts has been extensively explored for DRM for their high activity and low cost but suffer from poor stability due to coke formation that has hindered their commercialization. Numerous articles have reviewed the various aspects of catalyst deactivation and strategies for mitigation, but few has focused on the benefit of bimetallic catalysts for mitigating coke formation. Bimetallic catalysts, often improve the catalytic stability over their monometallic counterparts due to synergistic effects resulting from two metal-tometal interactions. This review will cover DRM literature for various bimetallic catalyst systems, including the effect of supports and promoters, on the mitigation of carbonaceous deactivation.

关键词： Dry reforming of methane Carbon dioxide Bimetallic catalysts Coke formation Catalyst stability

NIR-plasmon-enhanced Systems for Energy Conversion and Environmental Remediation

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2020年第6期36卷 1000-1005页

作者： WANG Wenke Sandra elizabeth SAJI Siva KARUTURI ZHENG Hong MENG Guodong CHENG Yonghong YIN Zongyou Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy(CNRE) State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentSchool of Electrical EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049P.R.China Research School of Chemistry Australian National UniversityACT 2601Australia Research School of Physics and Research School of Electrical Energy and Materials EngineeringAustralian National UniversityCanberraATC 2601Australia

The introduction of plasmons is an important method to solve the insufficient utilization of the full spectrum of solar energy by semiconductor ***,semiconductor catalysts combined with traditional noble metal plasmons(Au,Ag)can only extend the absorption spectrum to partially visible *** order to further improve the photoenergy absorption efficiency of catalysts,they need to be able to effectively utilize near-infrared light,which has become a new research *** studies have shown that traditional noble metal plasmons can absorb a part of NIR through special morphology,size control and material *** the same time,gratifying achievements have been made in the application of plasmonic semiconductors with broad spectrum absorption in *** article reviews the principles of generating and regulating plasmonic effects in different catalytic *** applications of plasmon absorption of near-infrared light in energy conversion and environmental remediation have also been presented.

关键词： Near-infrared Plasmon Energy conversion Environmental remediation

The role of genomic structural variation in the genetic improvement of polyploid crops

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The Crop Journal 2019年第2期7卷 127-140页

作者： Sarah-Veronica Schiessl Elvis Katche elizabeth Ihien Harmeet Singh Chawla Annaliese S.Mason Department of Plant Breeding Justus Liebig University

Many of our major crop species are polyploids, containing more than one genome or set of chromosomes. Polyploid crops present unique challenges, including difficulties in genome assembly, in discriminating between multiple gene and sequence copies, and in genetic mapping, hindering use of genomic data for genetics and breeding. Polyploid genomes may also be more prone to containing structural variation, such as loss of gene copies or sequences(presence–absence variation) and the presence of genes or sequences in multiple copies(copynumber variation). Although the two main types of genomic structural variation commonly identified are presence–absence variation and copy-number variation, we propose that homeologous exchanges constitute a third major form of genomic structural variation in polyploids. Homeologous exchanges involve the replacement of one genomic segment by a similar copy from another genome or ancestrally duplicated region, and are known to be extremely common in polyploids. Detecting all kinds of genomic structural variation is challenging, but recent advances such as optical mapping and long-read sequencing offer potential strategies to help identify structural variants even in complex polyploid genomes. All three major types of genomic structural variation(presence–absence, copy-number, and homeologous exchange) are now known to influence phenotypes in crop plants, with examples of flowering time, frost tolerance, and adaptive and agronomic traits. In this review,we summarize the challenges of genome analysis in polyploid crops, describe the various types of genomic structural variation and the genomics technologies and data that can be used to detect them, and collate information produced to date related to the impact of genomic structural variation on crop phenotypes. We highlight the importance of genomic structural variation for the future genetic improvement of polyploid crops.

关键词： Presence–absence variation Copy-number variation Homeologous exchanges Genome structure Pan-genome