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World journal of Pediatrics 2024年第10期20卷 1017-1028页

作者： Christopher Tran Carlos Nunez Guy D.Eslick Ruth Barker elizabeth j.Elliott Sydney Medical School Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit Level 2Kids ResearchThe Sydney Children’s Hospital Network(Westmead)Locked Bag 4001WestmeadNSW2145Australia Queensland Children’s Hospital BrisbaneQLDAustralia Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit Jamieson Trauma InstituteRoyal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia

Background Button battery(BB)exposures are common in children and can have devastating *** reviewed current evidence on the complications associated with BB exposure and identified predictors of outcomes using individual patient-level *** sources We carried out a systematic review and pooled analysis by searching MEDLINE,Embase,and Scopus up to May 19,*** studies describe complications following BB exposures in children(agedjejunocolic *** complications were common among children who ***(≤2 years),battery exposure duration(>6 hours),and battery diameter(≥20 mm)were associated with common and severe complications of *** BB injuries are time-critical,with severe sequelae predominantly affecting young *** is *** work through regulation and safer battery design are required to eliminate this problem.

关键词： Child Electric power supplies Digestive systems Fatal outcome Foreign bodies

Advances in alcoholic liver disease:An update on alcoholic hepatitis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第42期21卷 11893-11903页

作者： Randy Liang Andy Liu ryan B Perumpail Robert j Wong Aijaz Ahmed Department of Medicine Santa Clara Valley Medical Center Albert Einstein College of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Alameda Health System-Highland Hospital Campus

Alcoholic hepatitis is a pro-inflammatory chronic liver disease that is associated with high short-term morbidity and mortality(25%-35% in one month) in the setting of chronic alcohol use. Histopathology is notable for micro- and macrovesicular steatosis, acute inflammation with neutrophil infiltration, hepatocellular necrosis, perivenular and perisinusoidal fibrosis, and Mallory hyaline bodies found in ballooned hepatocytes. Other findings include the characteristic eosinophilic fibrillar material(Mallory's hyaline bodies) found in ballooned hepatocytes. The presence of focal intense lobular infiltration of neutrophils is what typically distinguishes alcoholic hepatitis from other forms of hepatitis, in which the inflammatory infiltrate is primarily composed of mononuclear cells. Management consists of a multidisciplinary approach including alcohol cessation, fluid and electrolyte correction, treatment of alcohol withdrawal, and pharmacological therapy based on the severity of the disease. Pharmacological treatment for severe alcoholic hepatitis, as defined by Maddrey's discriminant factor ≥ 32, consists of either prednisolone or pentoxifylline for a period of four weeks. The body of evidence for corticosteroids has been greater than pentoxifylline, although there are higher risks of complications. Recently head-to-head trials between corticosteroids and pentoxifylline have been performed, which again suggests that corticosteroids should strongly be considered over pentoxifylline.

关键词： Alcoholic Hepatitis Maddrey discriminant function

Acupuncture Forbidden Points for Low Back Pain in Pregnancy: A Literature Review Synthesis

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journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science 2014年第2期12卷 114-124页

作者： Debbie R.Rodriguez Lawrence j.ryan Yo San University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

There has long been a controversy whether forbidden points truly exist, or if they have any bearing in contemporary practice. This study used literature review synthesis method to examine the application of acupuncture at the "forbidden points" for low back pain and pelvic pain in pregnancy. This study addresses the potential implications of needling the forbidden points during pregnancy.

关键词： Acupuncture Therapy Pregnancy Low Back Pain Points, Forbidden

Expression, Imprinting, and Evolution of Rice Homologs of the Polycomb Group Genes

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Molecular Plant 2009年第4期2卷 711-723页

作者： Ming Luo Damien Platten Abed Chaudhury W.j. Peacock elizabeth S. Dennis CSIRO Plant Industry GPO BOX 1600 ACT 2601 Australia Present address: Vitagrain Uttara Model Town Dhaka Bangladesh Present address: IRRI Los Banos Laguna 4031 Philippines

Polycomb group proteins （PcG） play important roles in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Some core PeG proteins, such as Enhancer of Zeste （E（z））, Suppressor of Zeste （12）（Su（z）12）, and Extra Sex Combs （ESC）, are conserved in plants. The rice genome contains two E（z）-Iike genes, OsiEZ1 and OsCLF, two homologs of Su（z）12, OsEMF2a and OsEMF2b, and two ESC-like genes, OsFIE1 and OsFIE2. OsFIE1 is expressed only in endosperm; the maternal copy is expressed while the paternal copy is not active. Other rice PcG genes are expressed in a wide range of tissues and are not imprinted in the endosperm. The two E（z）-Iike genes appear to have duplicated before the separation of the dicots and monocots; the two homologs of Su（z）12 possibly duplicated during the evolution of the Gramineae and the two ESC- like genes are likely to have duplicated in the ancestor of the grasses. No homologs of the Arabidopsis seed-expressed PcG genes MEA and FIS2 were identified in the rice genome. We have isolated T-DNA insertion lines in the rice homologs of three PcG genes. There is no autonomous endosperm development in these T-DNA insertion lines. One line with a T-DNA insertion in OsEMF2b displays pleiotropic phenotypes including altered flowering time and abnormal flower organs, suggesting important roles in rice development for this gene.

关键词： Polycomb group protein pseudograin imprinting development evolution panicle.

Effects of experimental season of prescribed fire and nutrient addition on structure and function of previously grazed grassland

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journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第4期11卷 576-584页

作者： elizabeth H.Boughton Patrick j.Bohlen julia H.Maki MacArthur Agro-ecology Research Center 300 Buck Island Ranch RoadLake PlacidFL 33852USA University of Central Florida Biology 4110 Libra DriveOrlandoFL 32816USA School of Natural Resources and Environment University of Florida103 Black HallPO Box 116455GainesvilleFL 32611USA

Aims Understanding the drivers of grassland structure and function fol-lowing livestock removal will inform grassland restoration and ***,we investigated the effects of fire and nutri-ent addition on structure and function in a subtropical semi-native grassland recently released from grazing in south-central *** examined responses of soil nutrients,plant tissue nutrients,bio-mass of live,standing dead and litter,and plant species composi-tion to experimental annual prescribed fire applied during different seasons(wet season *** season),and nutrient additions(N,P and N+P)over 9 *** Experimental plots were set up in a randomized block split-plot design,with season of prescribed fire as the main treatment and nutrient addition as the subplot *** cover data were collected annually from 2002 to 2011 and plant tissue and plant biomass data were collected in 2002-2006 and *** nutrients were analyzed in 2004,2006 and *** Findings Soil total phosphorus(P)levels increased substantially with P addition but were not influenced by prescribed *** of P and N led to increased P and N concentrations in live plant tissues,but prescribed fire reduced N in live *** of tissue N were higher in all plots at the beginning of the exper-iment,an effect that was likely due to grazing activity prior to removal of *** tissue N steadily declined over time in all plots,with annually burned plots declining faster than unburned *** fire was an important driver of standing dead and litter biomass and was important for main-taining grass biomass and percent *** addition was also important:the addition of both N and P was associated with greater live biomass and woody *** of grazing,lack of prescribed fire,and addition of N+P led to a reduction of grass biomass and a large increase in biomass of a woody *** prescribed fire promoted N loss from the system by reducing

关键词： grassland nutrient enrichment nutrient limitation prescribed fire productivity

Microseismic monitoring and analysis of induced seismicity source mechanisms in a retreating room and pillar coal mine in the Eastern United States

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Underground Space 2017年第2期2卷 115-124页

作者： Morgen R.Leake William j.Conrad Erik C.Westman Setareh Ghaychi Afrouz ryan j.Molka Mining and Minerals Engineering Department Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University445 Old Turner Street100 Holden HallBlacksburgVA 24060USA

A microseismic monitoring system was installed in an underground room and pillar coal mine in the Eastern United States to analyze the occurrence and characteristics of induced seismicity during the retreat of two panels in the *** study is the first microseismic monitoring effort at an underground coal mine in nearly 30 *** the retreat of the first panel,an array of eight uniaxial geophones,installed 10 *** the roof,recorded events and their *** second panel was monitored using an array of twelve uniaxial geophones and two triaxial geophones,also installed 10 *** the *** the results of these studies,it has been found that the magnitude of seismic events is minimally affected by immediate roof geology or depth of ***,it was observed in both studies that the rate at which seismic events occurred did vary with changing roof geology and depth of *** the seismic data from the second panel retreat,focal mechanism solutions were generated for 50 hand-picked events in order to determine if the failure was in compression,tension,or *** of the focal mechanism solutions show that stress relief resulting in dilational events occurs at significant depths,150-200 m in this case,beneath the active mining face.

关键词： Deep mining Induced seismicity Coal mining Rock mechanics Source mechanisms Subsidence

Perforated duodenal ulcer:An unusual manifestation of allergic eosinophilic gastroenteritis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第44期21卷 12709-12712页

作者： Kevin M Riggle Ghassan Wahbeh elizabeth M Williams Kimberly j Riehle Department of General Surgery University of Washington Seattle Division of Gastroenterology Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle Division of Pathology Seattle Children’s Hospital Seattle Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery Seattle Children’s Hospital

Spontaneous perforation of a duodenal ulcer secondary to allergic eosinophilic gastroenteritis(EGE) has not been previously reported. We present such a case in a teenager who presented with peritonitis. After exploration and operative repair of his ulcer, he continued to experience intermittent abdominal pain, and further evaluation revealed eosinophilic gastroenteritis in the setting of multiple food allergies. His EGE resolved after adhering to a restrictive diet. Both duodenal ulcers and EGE are very rarely seen in pediatric patients. EGE has a variable presentation depending on the layer(s) of bowel wall affected and the segment of the gastrointestinal tract that is involved. Once diagnosed, it may respond to dietary changes in patients with recognized food allergies, or to steroids in patients in whom an underlying cause is not identified. Our case highlights the need to keep EGE in the differential diagnosis when treating pediatric patients with duodenal ulcers. The epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of EGE are also discussed, along with a review of the current literature.

关键词： Pediatric Duodenal ulcer Eosinophilic Gastroenteri

Liver Injury from Herbal, Dietary, and Weight Loss Supplements: a Review

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journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2015年第2期3卷 93-98页

作者： elizabeth X.Zheng Victor j.Navarro Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia PA USA

Herbal and dietary supplement usage has increased steadily over the past several years in the United *** the non-bodybuilding herbal and dietary supplements,weight loss supplements were among the most common type of HDS implicated in liver *** drug induced liver injury is rare,its consequences are significant and on the *** purpose of this review is to highlight case reports of weight loss products such as Hydroxycut and OxyElite Pro as one form of HDS that have hepatotoxic potential and to characterize its clinical effects as well as pattern of liver *** also propose future strategies in the identification and study of potentially hepatotoxic compounds in an effort to outline a diagnostic approach for identifying any drug induced liver injury.

关键词： Drug induced liver injury Herbal and dietary supplements Weight loss supplements

A DECISION-MAKING FRAMEWORK FOR VEGETATED ROOFING SYSTEM SELECTION

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journal of Green Building 2008年第4期3卷 138-153页

作者： elizabeth j.Grant james R.jones School of Architecture+Design Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University403B Cowgill HallBlacksburgVirginia 24061 USA

Design frequently involves making tradeoffs to obtain the“optimal”solution to a design problem,often using intuition or past experience as a *** vegetated roofing is a relatively complex and comparatively new technology to many practitioners,a rational,explicit method to help organize and rank the tradeoffs made during the design process is *** research comprises the creation of a framework diagramming the decision process involved in the selection of vegetated roofi ng *** literature review,case studies and interviews with experts,the available knowledge is captured and organized to determine the critical parameters affecting design *** important evaluative categories are identifi ed and parameters within these categories are addressed in the context of a decision support system for green roof designers.A summation of the total importance of the advantages represented by each alternative is used to determine the most feasible green roof system for a particular *** framework is demonstrated and compared with green roof designers’decision-making processes and conclusions are drawn regarding its effectiveness.

关键词： vegetated roof green roof decision support system decision-making framework Choosing By Advantages

The role of latitudinal, genetic and temperature variation in the induction of diapause of Papilio glaucus （Lepidoptera： Papilionidae）

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Insect Science 2018年第2期25卷 328-336页

作者： Sean F. ryan Patti Valella Gabrielle Thivierge Matthew L. Aardema j. Mark Scriber Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana USA USDA-ARS Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology 1600/1700 Southwest 23rd Drive Gainesville Florida USA Department of Entomology Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA Life Science Department Long Beach City College Long Beach California USA Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics American Museum of Natural History New York New York USA McGuire Centerfor Lepidoptera and Diversity University of Florida Gainesville Florida US

A key adaptation in insects for dealing with variable environmental conditions is the ability to diapause. The tiger swallowtail butterflies, Papilio glaucus and P. canadensis are ideal species to explore the genetic causes and population genetic consequences of diapause because divergence in this trait is believed to be a salient factor in maintaining a hybrid zone between these species. Yet little is known about the factors that influence diapause induction in this system. Here we explored how spatial （latitudinal）, environmental （temperature） and genetic （hybridization） factors affect diapause induction in this system. Specifically, a series of growth chamber experiments using wild caught individuals from across the eastern United States were performed to：（1） evaluate how critical photoperiod varies with latitude, （2） isolate the stage in which induction occurs, （3） test whether changes in temperature affected rates of diapause induction, and （4） explore how the incidence of diapause is affected in hybrid offspring. We find that induction occurs in the larval stage, is not sensitive to a relatively broad range of temperatures, appears to have a complex genetic basis （i.e., is not simply a dominant trait following a Mendelian inheritance pattern） and that the critical photoperiod increases by 0.4 h with each increasing degree in latitude. This work deepens our understanding of how spatial, environmental and genetic variation influences a key seasonal adaptation （diapause induction） in a well-developed ecological model system and will make possible future studies that explore how climatic variation affects the population dynamics and genetics of this system.

关键词： adaptation critical photoperiod development diapauses facultative hybridization