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Pathogenicity and amino acid sequences of hemagglutinin cleavage site and neuraminidase stalk.of differently passaged H9N2-avian influenza virus in broilers

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第4期2卷 198-206页

作者： Houssam A. Shaib Nelly Cochet Thierry Ribeiro Afif M. Abdel Nour Georges Nemer Maya F. Saade elie k. barbour Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences American University of Beirut (AUB) P.O. Box 11-0236 Beirut Lebanon

Low pathogenic Avian Influenza (AI) virus has the ability to evolve to high pathogenic viruses resulting in significant economic losses in the poultry sector. This study aims at assessing the impact of H9N2 viral passaging in broilers and its relatedness to pathogenicity and amino acid (a.a) sequences of the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site and neuraminidase (NA) stalk. The original H9N2 AI virus (P0) was used to challenge ten-21 days old broilers. Individual recovery of H9N2 virus from homogenates of trachea, lungs and airsacs was attempted in 9 days old chick.n embryos, as a conclusion of the first passage (P1). Tracheal isolates of H9N2 were passaged for a second (P2) and a third (P3) time in broilers, followed by a similar embryonic recovery procedure. The a.a. sequence of a part of HA1 cleavage site and Neuraminidase stalk.were compared among the differently passaged viruses;an assessement of the relatedness of the determined a.a. sequences to the pathogenicity in broilers, based on frequency of mortality, morbidity signs, gross and microscopic lesions at 3 days post challenge with the P1, P2, and P3-H9N2, is concluded. An increase in certain morbidity signs and specific lesions was observed in P2- and P3-H9N2 challenged broilers compared to birds challenged with P1-H9N2. A conserved R-S-S-R amino acid sequence at the HA1 cleavage site was observed in the differently passaged H9N2, associated with a variability in the NA stalk.a.a sequences. The passaging of the low pathogenic H9N2 virus in broilers leads to a trend of increase in pathogenicity, manifested in higher frequency of morbidity signs, and of specific gross and microscopic lesions of the examined organs. This passaging was associated with a conserved a.a. sequence of the hemaglutinin cleavage site and a variability in the sequence of the neuraminidase stalk. A detailed study of the potential of the detected variability in the neuraminidase stalk.of H9N2 in induction of a higher pathogenicity in broile

关键词： H9N2 Avian Influenza Pathogenicity Passaging Broilers Amino Acid Sequences Hemagglutinin (HA) Neuraminidase (NA) Stalk

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Evaluation of Quality Parameters of White and Brown Eggs in Lebanon

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2019年第10期10卷 488-503页

作者： k.rine Joubrane Dima Mnayer Tayssir Hamieh Georges barbour Rabih Talhouk.elie Awad Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Veterinary Medicine Lebanese University Beirut Lebanon Faculty of Sciences Lebanese University Beirut Lebanon Laboratory of Materials Catalysis Environment and Analytical Methods (MCEMA) Faculty of Sciences Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology (EDST) Lebanese University Beirut Lebanon Department of Biology Faculty of Art and Sciences American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon Food Safety Lebanese Commission Beirut Lebanon.

The quality traits of fresh mark.table chick.n eggs collected during winter, autumn and summer periods from different local mark.ts in Lebanon were evaluated in order to understand the reproductive fitness of the chick.n and the correlation between collection dates. A total of 2000 brown and white eggs were analyzed and compared for their external quality parameters such as egg weight, length, width, size, shell thick.ess, specific gravity and for their internal quality traits such as Haugh unit, yolk.diameter, yolk.color, and yolk.height. Results show that egg weight and size varied mark.dly and tended to be smaller during summer period. A significant difference was found between white and brown eggs in some quality traits such as egg weight, shell thick.ess, egg length, and yolk.diameter parameters. Egg quality parameters were significantly reduced during summer season where eggs are exposed to high temperature conditions. For grading analysis, 80% of the total eggs were classified as A with a significant difference (p < 0.05) between white and brown egg and during collection dates. Overall, brown eggs graded better than white eggs in external quality cleanliness and shape. Based on our analysis, the results of this study show that Lebanese eggs are of good quality and suggest that proper egg handling and storage conditions should be applied especially at warm environmental conditions to improve egg quality during summer season.

关键词： Brown and White Eggs Egg Quality Control Quality Parameters

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Bacteriophages in <i>Escherichia coli</i>antimicrobial resistance

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第3期4卷 469-476页

作者： Archana Iyer elie barbour Esam Azhar Ishtiaq Qadri Adeel Chaudhary Adel Abuzenadah Taha k.mosani Ghazi Damanhouri Suhad Bahijri Ahmed Al-Hejin Afif M. Abdel Nour Steve Harak.h Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon Department of Biochemistry King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA k.ng Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA Medical Laboratory Technology Department Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA Special Infectious Agents Unit—Biosafety Level 3 King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA

The continuous battle between humans and the multitude of pathogenic microorganisms in the environment has sought relief in the form of antimicrobials. But the counter attack.by pathogenic organisms in the form of multidrug resistance, acquired by various mechanisms such as transformation, transposition, conjugation and transduction is a major reason for concern. Bacteriophages have contributed in a significant way to dissemination of genes encoding antimicrobial resistance, heavy metal resistance and virulence factors through the phenomenon of transduction. This review aims at compiling information about the different mechanisms by which bacteriophages aid in transferring genes involved in antimicrobial resistance to Escherischia coli in various environments.

关键词： Bacteriophages Escherischia coli Antimicrobial Resistance

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Transposable elements in <i>Escherichia coli</i>antimicrobial resistance

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第3期4卷 415-423页

作者： Archana Iyer elie barbour Esam Azhar Alaaeddin Ali El Salabi Hani Mutlak.A. Hassan Ishtiaq Qadri Adeel Chaudhary Adel Abuzenadah Taha k.mosani Ghazi Damanhouri Maha Alawi Tarek.Na’was Afif M. Abdel Nour Steve Harak.h Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences American University of Beirut Beirut Lebanon Department of Biochemistry King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA Infection Control and Antimicrobial Drug Resistance University of Benghazi Benghazi Libya Infection Control and Environmental Health Unit King Abdulaziz University Hospital King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA k.ng Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA Lebanese American University Beirut Lebanon Special Infectious Agents Unit—Biosafety Level 3 King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA

Transposable elements are capable of switching their positions on the genome thereby causing gene arrangements and contributing to genome evolution. The aim of this review is to specifically discuss the role of transposable elements in transferring antimicrobial resistance genes in E. coli, thus contributing to increase in virulence and conferring the possibility of multidrug resistance. Different types of transposable elements such as transposons and integrons and their profound influence on E. coli antimicrobial resistance are the focus of this review.

关键词： Transposable Elements E. coli Antimicrobial Resistance Integrons

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