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Ore Texture,Mineralogy and Whole Rock Geochemistry of the Iron Mineralization from Edea North Area,Nyong Complex,Southern Cameroon:Implication for Origin and Enrichment Process

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International Journal of Geosciences 2017年第5期8卷 659-677页

作者： Bravo Martin Mbang Bonda Jacques Etame Arnaud Patrice Kouske elie Constantin Bayiga Gilbert Francois Ngon Ngon Simon Joel Mbai Martine Gerard Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DoualaDoualaCameroon Department of Civil Engineering The University Institute of TechnologyUniversity of DoualaDoualaCameroon IRD UMR 161 CEREGEInstitut de mineralogie et physique des milieux condensesParisFrance

This study presents the ore texture, mineralogy and whole rock geochemistry of iron occurrence from the Edea North area located at the upper limit of the Nyong Unit, part of the Congo craton. This iron mineralization is of magnetite quartzite type enclosed by metamorphic rocks of the granulite facies. Two main facies have been identified over the study area including the banded and the massive facies. The mineralogical set of these facies is in majority represented by magnetite, quartz and pyroxene martite in addition to minor biotite, apatite, and amphibole. Magnetite presents as irregular and elongated minerals which can contain quartz inclusions of various shapes and sizes, as blasts clustering, around pyroxenes and isolated xenomorphic magnetite minerals in the silicate phases. Quartz varies from fine to coarse-grained and ribbon quartz. This indicates re-crystallization and deformation during metamorphism. Electron microprobe analysis on magnetite and martite show Fe2O3 contents that vary between 96.11 and 99.76. Whole rock chemical data showed that Fe-contents are as high as 62.9 wt%. The SiO2 content varies between 33.8 wt% and 51.2 wt%. Iron oxides and SiO2 are negatively correlated. Moreover, the low positive correlations between Al2O3 and HFSE, and LILE suggest a contribution of clastic materials in the protolith of studied materials. The samples show low contents of V, Cr, Ba, Zr with respect to igneous rocks. This may infer a sedimentary origin for the studied rocks;furthermore, these materials may have undergone hydrothermal alteration. The REE patterns reveal enrichment in LREE compared to HREE. Some samples show positive Eu (1.82) and other negative anomalies Eu (0.54 to 0.97). The lack of Ce anomalies suggests that the depositional environment of the Edea North iron occurrence was anoxic or suboxic. Overall, the Edea North iron occurrence may have undergone significant input from hydrothermal sources with imprints of the clastic during its deposition

关键词： Magnetite Texture Edea North Nyong Complex Southern Cameroon

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Infection and Factors Associated in HIV Infected Patients in Yaoundé(Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第7期10卷 181-186页

作者： Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Ousmanou Nsangou Mbombo Njoya Richard Njouom Mathurin Kowo Serge Clotaire Billong Firmin Ankouane Oudou Njoya elie Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Pasteur Center of Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon

The Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) infection is one of the main causes of acute viral hepatitis. This affection is generally asymptomatic and benign. Its incidence is elevated in sub Saharan Africa. In Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected patients, the HEV can cause chronic hepatitis with risks of cirrhosis and cancer. Assessing the prevalence and risk factors of an HEV infection in people living with HIV can help to prevent the transmission and the onset of their complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of HEV markers and associated factors among HIV infected patients in Yaoundé (Cameroon). Ninety HIV infected patients were included in this study, with 29 men (32.2%) and 61 women (67.8%). The mean age was 46 ± 11.4 years old (21 - 74). The prevalence of HEV serological markers was 6.7% and 12.2% for immunoglobulins (IgG) and IgM respectively. Both IgG and IgM were positive for 2 patients (2.2%), while 15 patients (16.7%) had at least one immunoglobin positive. The consumption of well water and porcine foods was found to be associated with the presence of IgM HEV antibodies. There was no association between CD4 count, viral load and the presence of HEV serological markers.

关键词： Seroprevalence Hepatitis E HIV Associated Factors Yaoundé

Severe Musculoskeletal Injuries in Children during Play

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第11期12卷 393-399页

作者： Soumahoro Ibrahim Akobé Achié Jean Régis Krah Koffi Léopold Kouassi Kouamé Jean-Eric Bénié Adoubs Célestin Kouassi Aya Adelaïde Natacha Ochou Jr Pierre Germain Digbeu Ogou Kevin elie Traoré Ibrahim Traoré Abdoul Massandjé Norah Soro Zolopégué Marcel Blé Gbalé Yannick Akpro Sédy Louess De Randolphe Kodo Michel Orthopaedics-Traumatology Department of the University Hospital of Bouaké (Cô te d’Ivoire)/Alassane Ouattara University Bouake Ivoiry Coast Paediatric Surgery Unit of the CHU of Bouaké (Cô te d’Ivoire)/Alassane Ouattara University Bouake Ivoiry Coast

Introduction: Musculoskeletal injuries are common in children but rarely severe. Their treatment varies according to the type of injury observed. The aim was to describe the epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of severe musculoskeletal injuries in children during play. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted in the Orthopaedic-Traumatology Department and the Paediatric Surgery Unit of the University Hospital of Bouaké between January 2018 and December 2020. It concerned patients less than 16 years of age hospitalised for more than 24 hours for a musculoskeletal trauma following a gambling accident. The variables studied were epidemiological and therapeutic. Results: A total of 53 patients were collected. The frequency was 2.9%. The mean age was 9 ± 3.99 years. There were 38 (71.7%) boys and 15 (28.3%) girls. The sex ratio was 2.5. The patients were attending school in 79.3% (n = 42). The circumstances of occurrence were dominated by falls during play accidents (n = 35;66%). Football was observed in 93.5% (n = 49). The thoracic limb (n = 35;66%) was the preferred site of these injuries. The injuries were closed (86.7%) with a predominance of forearm fractures (n = 22;41.6%). The average hospital stay was 2.8 ± 1.4 days. Most of the patients were treated orthopedically (n = 37;69.9%). The evolution was favourable without complications. Conclusion: Musculoskeletal injuries during play were infrequent (2.9%). The circumstances were dominated by falls during play. The injuries were mainly closed fractures, most of which were treated orthopedically.

关键词： Children Fractures Musculoskeletal Trauma Orthopaedic Treatment

Pathogenicity and amino acid sequences of hemagglutinin cleavage site and neuraminidase stalk of differently passaged H9N2-avian influenza virus in broilers

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2011年第4期2卷 198-206页

作者： Houssam A. Shaib Nelly Cochet Thierry Ribeiro Afif M. Abdel Nour Georges Nemer Maya F. Saade elie K. Barbour Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences American University of Beirut (AUB) P.O. Box 11-0236 Beirut Lebanon

Low pathogenic Avian Influenza (AI) virus has the ability to evolve to high pathogenic viruses resulting in significant economic losses in the poultry sector. This study aims at assessing the impact of H9N2 viral passaging in broilers and its relatedness to pathogenicity and amino acid (a.a) sequences of the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site and neuraminidase (NA) stalk. The original H9N2 AI virus (P0) was used to challenge ten-21 days old broilers. Individual recovery of H9N2 virus from homogenates of trachea, lungs and airsacs was attempted in 9 days old chicken embryos, as a conclusion of the first passage (P1). Tracheal isolates of H9N2 were passaged for a second (P2) and a third (P3) time in broilers, followed by a similar embryonic recovery procedure. The a.a. sequence of a part of HA1 cleavage site and Neuraminidase stalk were compared among the differently passaged viruses;an assessement of the relatedness of the determined a.a. sequences to the pathogenicity in broilers, based on frequency of mortality, morbidity signs, gross and microscopic lesions at 3 days post challenge with the P1, P2, and P3-H9N2, is concluded. An increase in certain morbidity signs and specific lesions was observed in P2- and P3-H9N2 challenged broilers compared to birds challenged with P1-H9N2. A conserved R-S-S-R amino acid sequence at the HA1 cleavage site was observed in the differently passaged H9N2, associated with a variability in the NA stalk-a.a sequences. The passaging of the low pathogenic H9N2 virus in broilers leads to a trend of increase in pathogenicity, manifested in higher frequency of morbidity signs, and of specific gross and microscopic lesions of the examined organs. This passaging was associated with a conserved a.a. sequence of the hemaglutinin cleavage site and a variability in the sequence of the neuraminidase stalk. A detailed study of the potential of the detected variability in the neuraminidase stalk of H9N2 in induction of a higher pathogenicity in broile

关键词： H9N2 Avian Influenza Pathogenicity Passaging Broilers Amino Acid Sequences Hemagglutinin (HA) Neuraminidase (NA) Stalk

Laparoscopic treatment of complicated colonic diverticular disease:A review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2016年第2期8卷 134-142页

作者： Ronald Daher elie Barouki elie Chouillard Department of Digestive and Minimally Invasive Surgery Poissy/Saint-Germain-en-Laye Medical Center Department of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery Poissy/Saint-Germain Medical Center

Up to 10% of acute colonic diverticulitis may necessitate a surgical intervention. Although associated with high morbidity and mortality rates,Hartmann's procedure(HP) has been considered for many years to be the gold standard for the treatment of generalized peritonitis. To reduce the burden of surgery in these situations and as driven by the accumulated experience in colorectal and minimally-invasive surgery,laparoscopy has been increasingly adopted in the management of abdominal emergencies. Multiple case series and retrospective comparative studies confirmed that with experienced hands,the laparoscopic approach provided better outcomes than the open surgery. This technique applies to all interventions related to complicated diverticular disease,such as HP,sigmoid resection with primary anastomosis(RPA) and reversal of HP. The laparoscopic approach also provided new therapeutic possibilities with the emergence of the laparoscopic lavage drainage(LLD),particularly interesting in the context of purulent peritonitis of diverticular origin. At this stage,however,most of our knowledge in these fields relies on studies of low-level evidence. More than ever,well-built large randomized controlled trials are necessary to answer present interrogations such as the exact place of LLD or the most appropriate sigmoid resection procedure(laparoscopic HP or RPA),as well as to confirm the advantages of laparoscopy in chronic complications of diverticulitis or HP reversal.

关键词： Diverticulitis Laparoscopy Emergent Lavage Drainage Peritonitis Purulent Stercoral Complicated Perforation

Acute Renal Failure during Progressive Systemic Sclerosis in the Regional University Teaching Hospital of Brest-La Cavale Blanche (France)

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2017年第3期7卷 158-166页

作者： Comlan Albert Dovonou Cossi Adébayo Alassani Séraphin Ahoui Lauren Gueguen Arthur Capdeville elie Cornec-Le Gall Laurent Doucet Yannick Le Meur Borgou Regional University Teaching Hospital Parakou Benin Regional University Teaching Hospital of Brest-La Cavale Blanche Brest France

Systemic scleroderma is a rare disease in which visceral manifestations occur, particularly peripheral vascular, digestive, cardiopulmonary and renal. It is pathology with a predilection for women. The present clinical case is that of a man with the renal complications of scleroderma and the difficulties of the treatment even in the developed countries like France. In the present case, the management of this disease required a high dose of corticosteroid therapy and extra-renal purification. Early detection of complications through a minimal clinical examination supplemented with paraclinic tests has proved necessary.

关键词： Systemic Sclerosis Acute Renal Failure Brest France

Neurodevelopmental Problems in Children at 9 Months of Age Associated with Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第2期7卷 98-108页

作者： Evelyn Mungyeh Mah Seraphin Nguefack Hélène Kamo Selangai Andréas Chiabi Mbassi Awa Félicité Dongmo Mazou Ngou Temgoua elie Mbonda Affiliation Department of Pediatrics Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Mother and Child Center of the Chantal Biya Foundation Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Neonatal asphyxia is a major cause of infant morbidity in Cameroon. The aim of this study was to describe the short-term neurological outcome of children following neonatal Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methodology: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from May 2010 to September 2013. We included 39 exposed cases against 78 non-exposed cases followed-up for at least 9 months. The variables studied were: age, sex, head circumference, neurological sequelae, postural anomalies and motor skills and developmental age/quotient. The data collected were analyzed using Epi info software version 3.5.3. The Fisher Exact Test was used to compare the variables with a significance threshold defined for p Results: We recruited 39 cases for 78 controls. The majority (74.40%) of cases were classified as HIE Sarnat 3 and 25.60% Sarnat 2. Most of the children were aged 12 - 36 months with a mean age of 18 months. The male sex was predominant with a sex ratio of 1.2;and 61.50% of children with HIE had head circumference Conclusion: The frequency of neurological sequelae following HIE was high in our series. Efforts should be made to prevent perinatal asphyxia and to ensure the availability of material and staff trained to help babies’ breath in all the delivery rooms in our maternities.

关键词： Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Cerebral Palsy Mental Retardation Cameroon

Phytochemical Profile and <i>In Vitro</i>Antioxidant Properties of Essential Oils from Powder Fractions of <i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i>Leaves

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第3期12卷 329-346页

作者： Venant Donald Noumi Richard Marcel Nguimbou Marthe Valentine Tsague Markusse Deli Sandrine Rup-Jacques Dicko Amadou elie Njantou Baudelaire Selestin Sokeng Nicolas Yanou Njintang Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition ENSAI University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Université de Lorraine ICPM Metz France Université de Lorraine UR-AFPA Metz France

Dried leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis were finely grinded and fractionated by sieving into four granulometric classes (355 μm). The obtained powder fractions were used for essential oil (EO) extraction by hydrodistillation and their phytochemical profile and in vitro antioxidant activities were evaluated. The mother powder (unsieved powder) was used for comparison. Particle size exerted a significant influence (p in vitro antioxidant properties of the EOs. Comparatively, the mother powder had the highest contents of α-pinene (55.6%), camphene (3.4%) and limonene (3.7%), while 1,8-cineole (26.6% and 22.4%), exo-fenchol (5.6% and 3.5%), α-campholenol (4.2% and 3.4%), L-trans-pinocarveol (5.5% and 2.7%), L-borneol (12.6% and 6.8%) and α-terpineol (16.4% and 7.6%) are the main compounds of EOs from the <100 μm and 100 - 200 μm fractions, respectively. The antioxidant activities of the EOs revealed higher radical-scavenging activities DPPH (90.62% and 7

关键词： Eucalyptus camaldulensis Powder Fraction Essential Oil Chemical Composition Antioxidant Activity

A Sustainable Production Model for Potato at Low Latitude Plateau in Winter in Yunnan Province

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Asian Agricultural Research 2022年第4期14卷 19-25页

作者： Jin PU elie NTIRENGANYA Baoju ZHANG Zhenhua ZHANG Shen XIONG Li ZHANG Hongji ZHANG Decai YU Plant Protection College Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650201 China Key Laboratory of Agrobiodiversity and Pest Control of Yunnan Province Kunming 650201 China State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Biological Resources of Yunnan Province Kunming 650201 China

[Objectives]To find a sustainable production model for potato at low latitude plateau in winter in Yunnan Province.[Methods]Xuanshu 2 potato variety was tested in prefectures of Yunnan *** covering experiment was conducted in two trials(open field experiment and green house potted experiment).Impacts of three cultivation factors were analyzed:(i)three cultivation models(T1,T2 and T3),(ii)planting density(T1,T2 and T3),(iii)soil covering(T1,T2,T3,T4)on plant growth,and yield production.[Results]The soil moisture content,temperature,roots growth,stems development,leaf area index,and number-weight of tubers per plant and per plot(g)have significantly increased with commercial yield average of 45 t/ha.[Conclusions]The combination of this method with modern agriculture mechanization should be further popularized and applied in large scale planting in regions with climatic conditions similar winter season in Yunnan Province,so as to make contribution to the satisfaction of the world population potato consumption.

关键词： Potato cropping systems Cultivation model Planting density Soil cover Sustainable productivity