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Tensile Shock Physics in Compressible Thermoviscoelastic Solid Medium

Applied Mathematics 2024年第10期15卷 719-744页

作者： Karan S. Surana elie abboud Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Kansas Lawrence USA

This paper addresses tensile shock physics in thermoviscoelastic (TVE) solids without memory. The mathematical model is derived using conservation and balance laws (CBL) of classical continuum mechanics (CCM), incorporating the contravariant second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor, the covariant Green’s strain tensor, and its rates up to order n. This mathematical model permits the study of finite deformation and finite strain compressible deformation physics with an ordered rate dissipation mechanism. Constitutive theories are derived using conjugate pairs in entropy inequality and the representation theorem. The resulting mathematical model is both thermodynamically and mathematically consistent and has closure. The solution of the initial value problems (IVPs) describing evolutions is obtained using a variationally consistent space-time coupled finite element method, derived using space-time residual functional in which the local approximations are in hpk higher-order scalar product spaces. This permits accurate description problem physics over the discretization and also permits precise a posteriori computation of the space-time residual functional, an accurate measure of the accuracy of the computed solution. Model problem studies are presented to demonstrate tensile shock formation, propagation, reflection, and interaction. A unique feature of this research is that tensile shocks can only exist in solid matter, as their existence requires a medium to be elastic (presence of strain), which is only possible in a solid medium. In tensile shock physics, a decrease in the density of the medium caused by tensile waves leads to shock formation ahead of the wave. In contrast, in compressive shocks, an increase in density and the corresponding compressive waves result in the formation of compression shocks behind of the wave. Although these are two similar phenomena, they are inherently different in nature. To our knowledge, this work has not been reported in the publishe

关键词： Tensile Shock Physics Tensile Waves Elastic Viscoelastic Solids Variationally Consistent Space-Time Coupled Space-Time Residual Functional A Posteriori Finite Element Method Wave Speed Conservation and Balance Laws

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Tensile Shock Physics in Compressible Thermoviscoelastic Solids with Rheology

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Applied Mathematics 2024年第12期15卷 856-886页

作者： Karan S. Surana elie abboud Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Kansas Lawrence USA

The paper addresses tensile shock physics in compressible thermoviscoelastic solids with rheology i.e., in compressible polymeric solids. Polymeric solids have elasticity, dissipation mechanisms and relaxation phenomena due to the presence of long chain molecules in the viscous medium. Thus, the main focus of this investigation is to study how the presence of rheology influences tensile shock physics compared to the tensile shock physics in thermoelastic solids with same elasticity and dissipation but without rheology. A traveling stress wave in polymeric solids leaves nonzero stress signature behind it that naturally influences density. Complete relaxation of the nonzero signatures of stress and associated density change depends upon viscosity of the medium, Deborah number, strength of the stress or velocity wave etc. These aspects of the tensile shock physics in TVES with rheology are investigated in the paper. The mathematical model for finite deformation, finite strain is derived using CBL and CCM, and constitutive theories are derived using conjugate pairs in the entropy inequality and the representation theorem. This mathematical model is thermodynamically and mathematically consistent and has closure. The solution of the IVPs described by this mathematical model related to tensile shock physics in TVES with memory are obtained using space-time coupled finite element method based on space-time residual functional for a space-time strip with time marching. p-version hierarchical space-time local approximations with higher order global differentiability in hpk-scalar product spaces and use of minimally conforming spaces ensure that all space-time integrals over space-time discretization are Riemann. This facilitates more accurate description of the physics in the computational process. Model problem studies are presented to illustrate various aspects of tensile shock physics in compressible TVES with rheology.

关键词： Tensile Shock Physics Rheology Thermoviscoelastic Space-Time Coupled Space-Time Residual Functional Conservation and Balance Laws Tensile Wave Finite Element Method Scalar Product Spaces

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Diet fortification for mild and moderate picky eating in typically developed children:Opinion review of Middle East consensus

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2025年第1期14卷 139-148页

作者： Mohammed Al-Beltagi elie Choueiry Najat Alahmadi Zeinab Demerdash Wafaa Helmi Ayesh Khoula Al-Said Fatima Al-Haddad Sanaa Y Shaaban Eslam Tawfik Department of Pediatric Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31511Egypt Department of Pediatric University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medical CityArabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671ManamaBahrain Paediatric Intensive and Critical Care Unit Hospital Hôtel Dieu de FranceBeirut 166830BeyrouthLebanon Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionMadina Maternity and Children HospitalKing Salman Medical CityAlmadina Almonawarh 41412Almadina AlmonawarhSaudi Arabia Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionAl Amiri HospitalKuwait City 999044Kuwait Department of Nutrition Altadawi Speciality HospitalDubai 1853DubayyUnited Arab Emirates Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology Royal HospitalMuscat 1331MuscatOman Department of Dietetic Salmaniya Medical ComplexGovernment HospitalsAl Salmaniya 12ManamaBahrain Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineAin Shams UniversityCairo 11591Egypt Department of Paediatric Faculty of MedicineSuez UniversitySuez 41522Egypt Department of Paediatric Sheikh Khalifa Medical CityAbu Dhabi 00000Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

BACKGROUND Picky eating is a commonly observed behavior among children globally,negatively impacting their physical and mental *** common characteristics distinguish peaky eaters,including food selectivity,food neophobia,and food avoidance,there is no clear definition to assess this *** to the unavailability of data regarding picky eating,it wasn’t easy to estimate its *** To develop a regional protocol to help healthcare professionals identify and manage mild and moderate picky eating *** A virtual roundtable discussion was held in April 2021 to gather the opinions of seven pediatricians and two pediatric dietitians from eight Middle Eastern countries who had great experience in the management of picky *** discussion covered different topics,including clearly defining mild and moderate picky eating,identifying the role of diet fortification in these cases,and the possibility of developing a systematic approach to diet *** The panel identified picky eating as consuming an inadequate amount and variety of foods by rejecting familiar and unfamiliar *** of the time,moderate picky eating cases had micronutrient deficiencies with over-or undernutrition;the mild cases only showed inadequate food consumption and/or poor diet *** attention to the organic red flags like growth faltering and development delay and behavioral red flags,including food fixation and anticipatory gagging,will help healthcare professionals evaluate the picky eaters and the caregivers to care for their *** dietary supplementation and commercial food fortification play an important role in picky eating,they were no benefit in the Middle *** The panel agreed that food fortification through a food-first approach and oral nutritional supplements would be the best for Middle Eastern *** recommendations would facilitate identifying and managing picky-eating children in the Middle East.

关键词： Picky eating Diet fortification Children Protocol Roundtable discussion Middle East

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Upper Eyelid Myocutaneous Flap and External Tarsorrhaphy, Two Combined Minimally Invasive Techniques in the Functional and Cosmetic Correction of Cicatricial Ectropion of the Lower Eyelid: An Experience of Two Clinical Cases Follow in Short Term

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Modern Plastic Surgery 2025年第1期15卷 21-31页

作者： Julls Celestin Apouakone elie Fazaa Loubna El Hajj Greta Lipa Sophie Cassier Eric Dunet Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Longjumeau Hospital Longjumeau France

Cicatricial ectropion of the eyelid is an eversion of its edge, which has moved away from the globe. It is frequently the result of cicatricial retraction after trauma. The main risk is the occurrence of a corneal ulcer or chronic conjunctivitis. Their treatment is often difficult, especially when the ectropion is old and significant. There are several classic techniques for correcting cicatricial ectropions, but the technique of the myocutaneous flap combined with external tarsorrhaphy without damage to the canthal ligament is minimally invasive, not very widespread, yet responds very well to the rules of plastic surgery. We report two cases of post-traumatic cicatricial ectropions of the left lower eyelid, respectively in a 33-year-old and an 87-year-old, treated using this technique. The surgical procedure was performed in two stages, after evaluation of the skin of the flap to be harvested: harvesting of the flap and closure plasty including external tarsorrhaphy. Patient follow-up did not note any complications. This combined technique offers a minimally invasive alternative for the often-delicate treatment of ectropions.

关键词： Ectropion Scar Flap Eyelid Tarsorrhaphy

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ACCURATE ATTENUATION CORRECTION FOR ALGEBRAIC RECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE IN SPECT

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2010年第3期28卷 401-417页

作者： elie Nasr IMB Institute of Mathematics of Bordeaux

We present a new iterative reconstruction algorithm to improve the algebraic reconstruction technique （ART） for the Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography. Our method is a generalization of the Kaczmarz iterative algorithm for solving linear systems of equations and introduces exact and implicit attenuation correction derived from the attenuated Radon transform operator at each step of the algorithm. The performances of the presented algorithm have been tested upon various numerical experiments in presence of both strongly non-uniform attenuation and incomplete measurements data. We also tested the ability of our algorithm to handle moderate noisy data. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed method has a significant improvement in the quality of reconstructed images over ART. Moreover, convergence speed was improved and stability was established, facing noisy data, once we incorporate filtration procedure in our algorithm.

关键词： Single-photon emission computed tomography Attenuated radon transform,Algebraic reconstruction technique Attenuation correction.

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Recent advances toward high voltage, EC-free electrolytes for graphite-based Li-ion battery

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第3期12卷 577-591页

作者： Tong Zhang elie Paillard Helmholtz Institute Muenster- Forschungszentrum Juelich (IEK 12) Corrensstr. 46 48149 Muenster Germany

Lithium-ion batteries are a key technology in today＇s world and improving their performances requires, in many cases, the use of cathodes operating above the anodic stability of state-of-the-art electrolytes based on ethylene carbonate （EC） mixtures. EC, however, is a crucial component of electrolytes, due to its excellent ability to allow graphite anode operation-also required for high energy density batteries-by stabilizing the electrode/ electrolyte interface. In the last years, many alternative electrolytes, aiming at allowing high voltage battery operation, have been proposed. However, often, graphite electrode operation is not well demonstrated in these electrolytes. Thus, we review here the high voltage, EC- free alternative electrolytes, focusing on those allowing the steady operation of graphite anodes. This review covers electrolyte compositions, with the widespread use of additives, the change in main lithium salt, the effect of anion （or Li salt） concentration, but also reports on graphite protection strategies, by coatings or artificial solid electrolyte interphase （SEI） or by use of water-soluble binder for electrode processing as these can also enable the use of graphite in electrolytes with suboptimal intrinsic SEI formation ability.

关键词： lithium-ion electrolyte solid electrolyte interphase additives high voltage graphite

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Migration and Pathological Journeys: A Case Report of 5 Patients at the National Hospital in Niamey

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第1期15卷 24-34页

作者： Ousseyni Zika Oumou Moussa Djibrilla Ataigba Iréti Néthania elie Salifou A. M. Mobarak Daou Mamane Nanéma Désiré Abdou Bakari Sangaré Ismaël Coulibaly Modibo Douma Maiga Djibo Ouédraogo Arouna Faculty of Health Sciences Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger Faculty of Health Sciences Andr Salifou University Zinder Niger Faculty of Medicine and Nursing and Obstetrics Training Institute University of Parakou Parakou Bnin Health Sciences Training and Research Unit (UFR/SDS) Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Normale Suprieure Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger

This study aims to explore the unconscious motivations underlying migration in Niger, with an emphasis on understanding the phenomenon of pathological travel. Its aim is to identify the unconscious factors of pathological travel among migrants. Pathological travel, as discussed in the scientific literature on psychopathology, is characterised by movements initiated under the influence of delusions, hallucinations or other serious psychiatric disorders. The aim of this research is to contribute to our understanding of how these unconscious factors influence migration decisions. Using a retrospective analysis of five cases, this study examines the psychological and psychiatric dimensions of migration, particularly among patients referred to the psychiatry department of the Niamey National Hospital between 2017 and 2018. The five cases analysed, representing 12% of a cohort of 40 migrant patients, suffered from chronic psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia and chronic hallucinatory psychosis. By means of diagnostic interviews and categorical sorting, three main unconscious motivations were identified: the delusional state with themes of filiation and persecution, the hallucinations that dictated the travel behaviour, and the dissociative states manifested by depersonalisation and derealisation. It also emerges from this analysis that pathological travel often involves prolonged journeys on foot and without purpose. Thus, untreated mental illness plays a significant role in shaping and influencing individual and social behaviour. The results of this study have important implications for public health and migration policy. They highlight the need to integrate health assessments into migration management systems, particularly in regions serving as transit hubs for migrants. The research also highlights the need for culturally sensitive psychiatric interventions to address the interaction between pre-existing mental disorders and migration. This study contributes to

关键词： Migration Mental Illness Pathological Journeys Unconscious Psychological Motivations Niger

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Cognitive work analysis to comprehend operations and organizations in the mining industry

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第4期27卷 605-609页

作者： Serenay Demir elie Abou-Jaoude Mustafa Kumral Department of Mining and Materials Engineering McGill University Montreal H3A 0E8 Canada

Complex industrial systems, including mining, have a prominent challenge in understanding the interrelationship among the cognitive processes, working environment and available equipment. The concept of cognitive work analysis(CWA) transcends the traditional analytic methods of evaluating human tasks solely based on perceptual and physical traits, and rather implements the notions of behavioral and cognitive awareness indispensable for the intricacy of modern technology. In the last few decades, academic and industrial settings employ this type of analysis to set a suitable standard for a system's safety feasibility, and as a result reduce human-based errors. This research paper analyzes current CWA methods and proposes a five-level quantification model portraying the overall cognitive quality of a mining operation.

关键词： Cognitive work analysis Mining operations Cognitive awareness Work domain Human behavior Safety

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An infinite-dimensional representation of the Ray-Knight theorems

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第1期67卷 149-162页

作者： elie Aidékon Yueyun Hu Zhan Shi School of Mathematical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China LAGA UniversitéSorbonne Paris NordVilletaneuse 93430France Institute of Applied Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The classical Ray-Knight theorems for the Brownian motion determine the law of its local time process either at the first hitting time of a given value a by the local time at the origin,or at the first hitting time of a given position b by the Brownian *** extend these results by describing the local time process jointly for all a and b,by means of the stochastic integral with respect to an appropriate white *** result applies toμ-processes,and has an immediate application:aμ-process is the height process of a Feller continuous-state branching process(CSBP)with immigration(Lambert(2002)),whereas a Feller CSBP with immigration satisfies a stochastic differential equation(SDE)driven by a white noise(Dawson and Li(2012));our result gives an explicit relation between these two descriptions and shows that the SDE in question is a reformulation of Tanaka’s formula.

关键词： Ray-Knight theorem μ-process white noise Tanaka's formula

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New trends in colorectal surgery: Single port and natural orifice techniques

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第48期20卷 18104-18120页

作者： Ronald Daher elie Chouillard Yves Panis Department of General and Digestive Surgery Poissy/Saint-Germain Medical Center 78300Poissy France Department of Colorectal Surgery Beaujon Hospital Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris University Denis Diderot (Paris VII) 75013 Clichy France

Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) have rapidly gained pace worldwide, potentially replacing conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) as the preferred colorectal surgery technique. Currently available data mainly consist of retrospective series analyzed in four meta-analyses. Despite conflicting results and lack of an objective comparison, SILS appears to offer cosmetic advantages over CLS. However, due to conflicting results and marked heterogeneity, present data fail to show significant differences in terms of operative time, postoperative morbidity profiles, port-site complications rates, oncological appropriateness, duration of hospitalization or cost when comparing SILS with conventional laparoscopy for colorectal procedures. The application of “pure” NOTES in humans remains limited to case reports because of unresolved issues concerning the ideal access site, distant organ reach, spatial orientation and viscera closure. Alternatively, minilaparoscopy-assisted natural orifice surgery techniques are being developed. The transanal “down-to-up” total mesorectum excision has been derived for transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) and represents the most encouraging NOTES-derived technique. Preliminary experiences demonstrate good oncological and functional short-term outcomes. Large-scale randomized controlled trials are now mandatory to confirm the long-term SILS results and validate transanal TEM for the application of NOTES in humans.

关键词： Surgery Colon Rectum Cancer Laparoscopy Single-port Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery

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