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Sediment transport mechanisms and selective removal of soil particles under unsteady-state conditions in a sheet erosion system

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第2期37卷 151-161页

作者： elham sirjani Majid Mahmoodabadi Artemi Cerdà Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Departament de Geografia Universitat de València

Selective removal of particles and nutrients by water erosion is a key factor in soil erosion *** agricultural soils are located on gentle slopes where fertility is high;however,until now,the main attention on sediment transport mechanisms was paid to high-slope gradients,where soil erosion is intense,but soils are less *** the importance of sediment size distribution(SSD) and transport mechanisms under unsteady-state conditions,few studies have been done on this *** sediment concentrations in the early stages of the runoff indicate the need to deal with unsteady-state *** address this issue,sheet erosion experiments were done using a 0.2 m by 1 m tilting flume under controlled laboratory *** inflow rates(75,100,125,150,175,and 200 mL/s) were applied on two contrasting soils,including an adjacent agricultural soil and a not cultivated soil(namely Cropland soil and Control soil,respectively) at two low slope gradients(1.5% and 2%).No rill formation was observed during the *** sediment-laden runoff was sampled during unsteady-state flow to determine the SSDs and sediment transport mechanisms of eroded particles for unsteadystate *** results indicated different trends in the selective removal of sediment particles depending on hydraulic conditions and soil aggregate *** contribution of suspension-saltation(SS)to the total sediment load for the Cropland and Control soils varied from 22% to 68% and from 35% to 59%,respectively,while up to 78% and 65% of soil particles were transported by bed load(BL),***,SS and BL indicated a reverse trend with stream *** Cropland soil showed a single peak in the SSD at low stream powers because of the selective removal of fine particles(0.042 mm),whereas the SSD was shifted to a bimodal distribution at higher stream powers with the selective depletion of both fine(≤0.084 mm) and coarse(1.5 mm) *** Control soil experienced a

关键词： Aggregate breakdown Bed load Stream power Suspension-saltation Tilting flume

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