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Diagnosis,treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents

World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第4期12卷 344-365页

作者： Anastasios Serbis Vasileios Giapros eleni P kotanidou Assimina Galli-Tsinopoulou Ekaterini Siomou Department of Pediatrics University Hospital of IoanninaIoannina 45500Greece Department of Child Health University of IoanninaIoannina 45500Greece Department of Pediatrics Medical SchoolAristotle University ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54636Greece

During the last two decades,there have been several reports of an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM) in children and adolescents,especially among those belonging to minority ethnic *** trend,which parallels the increases in prevalence and degree of pediatric obesity,has caused great concern,even though T2 DM remains a relatively rare disease in *** T2 DM differs not only from type 1 diabetes in children,from which it is sometimes difficult to differentiate,but also from T2 DM in adults,since it appears to be an aggressive disease with rapidly progressive β-cell decline,high treatment failure rate,and accelerated development of *** the recent research,many aspects of youth T2 DM still remain unknown,regarding both its pathophysiology and risk factor contribution,and its optimal management and *** management approaches include lifestyle changes,such as improved diet and increased physical activity,together with pharmacological interventions,including metformin,insulin,and the recently approved glucagonlike peptide-1 analog *** is more important for everyone to realize though,from patients,families and physicians to schools,health services and policy-makers alike,is that T2 DM is a largely preventable disease that will be addressed effectively only if its major contributor(i.e.,pediatric obesity) is confronted and prevented at every possible stage of life,from conception until ***,relevant comprehensive,coordinated,and innovative strategies are urgently needed.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes Children Adolescents Diagnosis Treatment Prevention

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Prevalence of selective immunoglobulin A deficiency in Greek children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第4期12卷 470-476页

作者： Styliani Giza eleni kotanidou Efimia Papadopoulou-Alataki Maria Christina Antoniou Ioanna Maggana Ioannis Kyrgios Assimina Galli-Tsinopoulou 4th Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiPapageorgiou General HospitalThessalonikiGreece

Background:The association of selective immunoglobulin A(IgA)deficiency with type 1 diabetes(T1D)remains *** study was to evaluate serum IgA concentrations in Greek children and adolescents with ***:In two hundred individuals with T1D,serum IgA concentrations were quantitatively determined using ***:Immunoglobulin A deficiency was detected in 6(3.0%)of 200 patients who were subjected to immunological *** infections were not recorded,but human papilloma virus infection was clinically suspected and confirmed by laboratory examination in a 5-year-old *** regard to coincidence of selective IgA deficiency with autoimmune diseases,celiac disease was detected in a girl and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in a *** IgA concentrations differed significantly when patients were grouped according to age at the beginning of the study(P<0.001),age at diagnosis of T1D(P=0.015)and coincidence of celiac disease(CD)(P=0.038).However,when the age of the patients was adjusted,difference in serum IgA concentrations was not statistically significant despite CD was present or ***,serum IgA concentrations were positively correlated with serum IgG(P<0.001)and IgE(P=0.001)concentrations and negatively correlated with serum antigliadin antibody IgG(P=0.035)*** was no association or correlation of serum IgA concentrations with glycemic ***:The prevalence of selective IgA deficiency in Greek children and adolescents with T1D is high(3.0%).The correlation of serum IgA concentrations with serum IgG,IgE and anti-gliadin antibody IgG concentrations needs further investigation.

关键词： adolescents children immunoglobulin A deficiency type 1 diabetes

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