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Homocysteinemia and Depression in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Cohort Longitudinal Study “InveCeAb” (Brain Aging in Abbiategrasso)

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 22-36页

作者： Mauro Colombo Annalisa Davin elena Rolandi Michele Rossi Riccardo Ferrari Erica Spina Antonio Guaita Golgi Cenci Foundation Abbiategrasso Italy

Depression is a major health problem, especially for elderly people. According to the “homocysteine hypothesis of depression”, high homocysteine levels may cause depression of mood via cerebrovascular diseases. Whilst biologically plausible, such hypothesis needs yet confirmation. We aimed at: 1) studying the relationships between homocysteinemia (HCY) and depression in a community-dwelling cohort of people aged 70 to 75 years at baseline;2) investigating plasma levels of HCY and 3) comparing these levels between males and females, in the same population. We exploited the data from four waves (2010, 2012, 2014 and 2018) of the longitudinal study “InveCeAb”, with specific regard towards mood assessment, by Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) scoring, and diagnosis of clinically relevant or subthreshold depression. HCY plasma levels were measured in the waves 2012, 2014 and 2018. Sample attrition was due mainly to death or overall worsening. No statistically significant differences were found in plasma homocysteine levels in each wave, according to depressive symptoms. No correlations were found between plasma HCY levels in each wave with their corresponding GDS scores, even after adjustment for folate and cobalamin blood concentrations. Dichotomized levels of HCY (≤15 vs >15 μM/l) were not associated with dichotomized GDS scores (≤4 vs higher), clinically relevant and subthreshold depression diagnosis and any antidepressive use, in any wave. First (2012) HCY levels increased with participants’ increasing age, cross-sectionally. Listwise HCY concentrations decreased along the 3 waves. HCY levels were always higher in males than in females. Our results may challenge the “homocysteine hypothesis” of depression, whilst supporting the role of high homocysteinemia as a marker of overall bad health.

关键词： Homocysteinemia Depression Aging Cohort

电气石晶体内微结构对其压电性的影响及机制研究

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矿物学报 2024年

作者：薛景源董发勤周琳张伟陈禹衡郑飞郭铭 Kotova elena Leonidovna 西南科技大学固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室西南科技大学环境与资源学院西南科技大学分析测试中心 Mining Museum St.Petersburg Mining University

电气石是一种化学成分和结构复杂的非中心对称晶体，具有压电性。前人鲜有探究电气石内部微结构对其压电性的影响，为了深入探讨电气石晶体内微结构对其压电性的影响，本文研究了锂电气石和镁电气石的晶体内微结构（键长、键角）因素和... 详细信息

电气石是一种化学成分和结构复杂的非中心对称晶体，具有压电性。前人鲜有探究电气石内部微结构对其压电性的影响，为了深入探讨电气石晶体内微结构对其压电性的影响，本文研究了锂电气石和镁电气石的晶体内微结构（键长、键角）因素和压电性之间的联系，通过对电气石进行压电测试及X-射线单晶衍射测试，计算其晶体结构扭曲参数和固有电偶极矩，分析电气石压电性与晶体内微结构的关系。研究发现，Y位置主导元素阳离子半径大小会影响Y多面体内键长、键角扭曲参数，影响Y多面体扭曲变形程度，进而引起晶体中其他多面体发生不同程度的扭曲形变，导致其压电性强弱变化。研究结果表明，Li含量较高的电气石其Y多面体扭曲参数更高，压电性更强。且由于电气石围绕c轴旋转对称的结构导致a、b轴方向上提供的固有电偶极矩相互抵消使得同一种属电气石沿c轴方向上的压电性远强于a、b轴方向，同时发现电气石的固有电偶极矩的大小与电气石的压电性呈现正相关，说明利用固有电偶极矩来研究电气石的压电性能是有意义的。本研究为通过结构参数计算探讨具有压电特性的天然矿物或人造材料微结构对其压电性能的影响机制提供了新思路。

关键词：电气石压电性:晶体内微结构 X-射线单晶衍射

Brain Urea as a Potential Biomarker of Neoplasm Progression

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第4期12卷 1-13页

作者： Larisa Mikhailovna Obukhova elena Ivanovna Erlykina Igor Aleksandrovich Medyanik Artem Sergeevich Grishin Angelina Mikhailovna Shutova Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education The &#8220Privolzhsky Research Medical University&#8221 of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation Nizhny Novgorod Russia National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod Russia

Metabolic reprogramming is a key feature driving oncogenesis in cancers. Recent studies have revealed that protein metabolism is largely altered in gliomas facilitating its malignant growth. Urea is the end product of nitrogen metabolism which is mainly produced by arginase. The interdependence of arginase and other biochemical mechanisms triggered scientific research interest. This research aimed to investigate the relationships between the urea as the main parameter of protein metabolism and glioma progression. It was also the most pronounced relationship between urea and the level of the nuclear protein Ki-67 as a marker of proliferative activity and O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), which performs DNA repair. Postoperative material from 20 patients with gliomas of different grades of anaplasia was analyzed.

关键词： Glioma Peritumoral Zone Urea Gliomal Molecular Genetic Markers Ki-67 MGMT

PBX/Knotted 1 homeobox-2(PKNOX2)is a novel regulator of myocardial fibrosis

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2231-2249页

作者： Liang Chen Haotong Li Xiaorui Liu Ningning Zhang Kui Wang Anteng Shi Hang Gao Deniz Akdis Ardan MSaguner Xinjie Xu elena Osto Willem Van de Veen Guangyu Li Antoni Bayés-Genís Firat Duru Jiangping Song Xiangjie Li Shengshou Hu State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP.R.China School of Statistics and Data Science Nankai UniversityTianjinChina Department of Cardiology University Heart CenterUniversity Hospital Zurich and University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Institute for Clinical Chemistry University Hospital Zurich and University of ZürichZurichSwitzerland Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research(SIAF) University of ZurichDavosSwitzerland Heart Institute Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i PujolBadalonaCIBERCVSpain

Much effort has been made to uncover the cellular heterogeneities of human hearts by single-nucleus RNA ***,the cardiac transcriptional regulation networks have not been systematically described because of the limitations in detecting transcription *** this study,we optimized a pipeline for isolating nuclei and conducting single-nucleus RNA sequencing targeted to detect a higher number of cell signal genes and an optimal number of transcription *** this unbiased protocol,we characterized the cellular composition of healthy human hearts and investigated the transcriptional regulation networks involved in determining the cellular identities and functions of the main cardiac cell *** in fibroblasts,a novel regulator,PKNOX2,was identified as being associated with physiological fibroblast activation in healthy *** validate the roles of these transcription factors in maintaining homeostasis,we used single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of transplanted failing hearts focusing on fibroblast *** trajectory analysis suggested that PKNOX2 was abnormally decreased from fibroblast activation to pathological myofibroblast *** gain-and loss-of-function in vitro experiments demonstrated the inhibitory role of PKNOX2 in pathological fibrosis ***,fibroblast-specific overexpression and knockout of PKNOX2 in a heart failure mouse model induced by transverse aortic constriction surgery significantly improved and aggravated myocardial fibrosis,*** summary,this study established a high-quality pipeline for single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis of heart *** this optimized protocol,we described the transcriptional regulation networks of the main cardiac cell subtypes and identified PKNOX2 as a novel regulator in suppressing fibrosis and a potential therapeutic target for future translational studies.

关键词： NOX2 homeostasis fibrosis

Balloon dilation of congenital perforated duodenal web in newborns: Evaluation of short and long-term results

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 343-349页

作者： Kirill Marakhouski elena Malyshka Katsiaryna Nikalayeva Larysa Valiok Aleh Pataleta Kiryl Sanfirau Aliaksandr Svirsky Vasily Averin Division of Diagnostic Republican Scientific and Practical Centre of Paediatric SurgeryMinsk 220113Belarus Department of Newborn Surgery Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Pediatric SurgeryMinsk 220013Belarus Department of Pediatric Surgery Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Pediatric SurgeryMinsk 220013Belarus Division of Diagnostic Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Pediatric SurgeryMinsk 220013Belarus Academic Chair of Pediatric Surgery Belarusian State Medical UniversityMinsk 220116Belarus

BACKGROUND Incomplete congenital duodenal obstruction(ICDO)is caused by a congenitally perforated duodenal web(CPDW).Currently,only six cases of balloon dilatation of the PDW in newborns have been *** To present our experience of balloon dilatation of a perforated duodenal memb-rane in newborns with *** Five newborns who underwent balloon dilatation of the CPDW along a prein-stalled guidewire between 2021 and 2023 were *** newborns diagnosed with ICDO who underwent laparotomy were included in the control *** In all cases,good anatomical and clinical results were *** three cases,a follow-up study was conducted after 1 *** average time to start enteral feeding per os was significantly earlier in the study group(4.4 d)than in the laparotomic group(21.2 days;P<0.0001).The time spent by patients in the intensive care unit and hospital after balloon dilatation was also significantly *** determined the selection criteria for possible and effective CPDW balloon dilatation in newborns as follows:(1)Presence of dynamic radiographic signs of the passage of a radiopaque substance beyond the zone of narrowing or radiographic signs of pneumatisation of the duodenum and small bowel distal to the web;(2)presence of endoscopic signs of CPDW;(3)successful cannulation with a guidewire performed parallel to the endoscope,with holes in the congenital duodenal web;and(4)successful positioning of the balloon performed along a freestanding guidewire on the *** Strictly following selection criteria for newborns with ICDO caused by CPDW ensures that endoscopic balloon dilatation using a pre-installed guidewire is safe and effective and shows good 1-year follow-up results.

关键词： Newborns Congenital duodenal obstruction Perforated duodenal membrane Endoscopy Balloon dilation

Post Cryopreservation Growth Kinetic and Photosynthetic Assessment of an Acid Tolerant Strain of Stichococcus bacillaris

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Natural Resources 2024年第5期15卷 130-148页

作者： Marzia Licata Luigi Marra Nunzia Nappi elena Aurino Feliciana Oliva Antonino De Natale Donato Giovannelli Antonino Pollio Department of Biology University of Naples &#8220Federico II&#8221 Naples Italy ACUF Algal Collection of University of Naples &#8220Federico II&#8221 Naples Italy Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production Engineering University of Naples &#8220Federico II&#8221 P.le V. Tecchio Naples Italy Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies Italian National Research Council CNR-IRBIM Ancona Italy Earth-Life Science Institute ELSI Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA USA Department of Marine and Coastal Science Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ USA

Preserving microbial diversity has become a strategic undertaking. Thus, ex situ microalgal culture conservation results in strategic and functional resource in both biodiversity protection and application domains. Cryopreservation of microalgae has been practiced since the 1960s and is now considered the optimal preservation strategy. Furthermore, the overall monitoring during growth of cultures after freezing/thawing protocols was hardly investigated and there is poor evaluation related to preserve especially the photosystem apparatus. The present study focuses on Stichococcus bacillaris as case study for short-term cryopreservation at −80 °C storage. Various freezing pretreatments using cryoprotective agents, and two thawing methods were compared introducing a novel variable to evaluate viability recovery and assessing growth kinetics of cultures immediately after thawing and after a series batch cultivation. Photosynthetic rate and pigments assessment were proposed to evaluate hidden metabolic cell damage. Results underline cryoprotective agents can increase the kinetic recovery of preserved cells in terms of reduction of lag phase during batch cultivation tests: the use of dimethyl sulfoxide and glycerol granted a growth comparable to unpreserved cells when sudden thawing occurs after 24 hours of storage, but recovery after preservation is less sensitive to cryoprotective agents when gradual thawing and 1 month of storage is considered. However, cells are always able to restore their physiological pathways even without agents, so their kinetic effect has been proved and quantified. Interestingly, both the photosynthetic efficiency and the ratio between total chlorophyll and carotenoids are comparable (0.75 Fv/Fm, 2.2 ± 0.25 g/g) to unpreserved cells and they are unsensitive to chosen agents, but the ratio between chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b was clearly altered (up to 10 times), suggesting that photoactive pigments relative proportions

关键词： Microalgae Stichococcus bacillaris Cryopreservation Growth Kinetic Photosynthetic Rate

Hydrogeochemical Studies in Drought Scenarios: Canelones, Uruguay Case Study

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第5期12卷 188-217页

作者： Karina Pamoukaghlian elena Alvareda Mariano Cáceres Rebeca Panzl Marcelo Aboy Sofìa Da Rocha Pablo Gamazo María Paula Collazo Instituto de Ciencias Geoló gicas Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de la Rep&#250blica Montevideo Uruguay Departamento del Agua Centro Universitario Regional Litoral Norte Universidad de la Rep&#250blica Salto Uruguay Á rea Toxicolog&#237a Departamento Estrella Campos Facultad de Qu&#237mica Universidad de la Rep&#250blica Montevideo Uruguay

The water scarcity in quality and quantity is becoming more noticeable and an urgent concern around the world. In Uruguay, these issues become exacerbated by the need to obtain drinking water in coastal areas, influenced by the climate change. Basic and structural geologies are strong conditioners in heterogeneous coastal aquifers. The objective of this study is to characterize the hydrochemistry of the fractured aquifers after having identified the main bearing fractures and the causes of aleatoreous water scarcity and quality problems, for hydric resources sustainable management. Identification of water bearing fracture, hydrogeochemical analysis and water quality evaluation are specific objectives. Some strategies were performed: 1) a base map in QGIS Software;2) fracture photointerpretation;3) geological correlation;4) statistical analysis of the background geochemistry data;5) ions analysis of strategically located wells. There were found water bearing fractures corresponding to 28 m3/h maximum flow rate for the NW-SE and 12 m3/h maximum flow rate for the NE-SW fracture direction, respectively. Besides, there could be a problem related to the high Sodium (Na) and Chloride (Cl) levels. In this respect, having previous data from 25 well samples, ions geochemical analysis has been carried out for 14 wells from Costa Azul and surrounding to have a first approach about the possible cause for the high values of Na (max. 385 mg/L) and Cl (max. 381 mg/L). The selected area for this study has a particular characteristic, because it corresponds to a heterogeneous fractured aquifer, which makes it difficult to catch water with enough flow rates and water quality to meet the population demand.

关键词： Water Bearing Fractures Hydrogeochemistry Water Quality Sustainable Management

Treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis with A Strategy Based on Phototherapy (M.A.C.^® Scar Acceleration Method)

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Modern Research in Inflammation 2024年第1期13卷 1-7页

作者： Marcus Vinicius de Mello Pinto Karin Yuri Fernández Iturra Aline Ronis Sampaio María elena Silva Álvarez Esteban Fortuny Celulare Institute Petrópolis Brazil Bienus Clinic Santiago Chile Fisiocare Curicó Chile Universidad Finis Terrae Santiago Chile

Candidiasis, also known as candidiasis vulvovaginitis, is an infection caused by different types of Candida fungi, the most frequent being Candida albicans. The present study reports an effective strategy, which opens new avenues for the treatment of this public health problem. The MAC® Methodology, conventional laser light-emitting (LLLT)/LED) methods are based on the biphasic response demonstrated many times in LLLT research and as with other forms of drugs, a “drug” (irradiation parameters) and a “dose” (irradiation times) and the “Arndt-Schulz Law” is often cited as a suitable model to describe the dose-dependent effects of LLLT. This method uses photopharmaceuticals, cell markers and the use of correct parameters for each case to induce the acceleration of tissue repair. The present study shows a case of a 32-year-old patient diagnosed with recurrent candidiasis 4 years ago. Eighteen sessions were performed (every other day) using a photoactivated component (Methylene blue 1% + Clotrimazole 1%) and LED phototherapy (red, blue and violet) with emission times of 60 - 260 seconds for each applicator, according to the dose recommendations of the scar acceleration method (MAC®). At the sixth treatment session there was a noticeable decrease in the itching sensation reported by the patient. In session 11 she reported feeling a great improvement, indicating that she no longer felt itching in any area after 18 sessions. The present case demonstrates new methodologies to treat common problems in the population that have a positive impact on the quality of life. This methodology has a promising future because it is non-invasive and requires a great biological transformation for inflammatory, fungal and viral control.

关键词： Treatment of vulvovaginal Candidiasis Candidiasis Candida M.A.C. MAC®

1990-2020年阿根廷门多萨流域冰川变化研究

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中国农村水利水电 2024年第5期 78-86页

作者：林媛媛王飞戈文艳韩剑桥 Fidel Alejandro Roig elena María Abraham 陈昊西北农林科技大学水土保持科学与工程学院陕西杨凌712100 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所陕西杨凌712100 Instituto Argentino de Nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales(IANIGLA-CONICET)CCT MendozaArgentina5500 Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Las Zonas Áridas(IADIZA-CONICET) CCT MendozaArgentina5500

冰川是南美洲阿根廷门多萨流域(33°S)重要的淡水资源,冰川作为气候变化的敏感指示器,对于理解和评估全球和区域气候变化具有重要意义。为了解门多萨流域冰川分布及变化趋势,探讨其对区域水资源和生态系统的影响,为应对气候变化提供科... 详细信息

冰川是南美洲阿根廷门多萨流域(33°S)重要的淡水资源,冰川作为气候变化的敏感指示器,对于理解和评估全球和区域气候变化具有重要意义。为了解门多萨流域冰川分布及变化趋势,探讨其对区域水资源和生态系统的影响,为应对气候变化提供科学依据,研究基于1990-2020年Landsat遥感影像,参考RGI冰川编目数据和阿根廷国家冰川清单,通过比值阈值法和人工解译法得到7期冰川边界,研究了门多萨流域冰川面积分布与变化特征。并结合TerraClimate气候数据,揭示了该区域在研究期间的气候变化趋势,探讨了区域气候变化对冰川变化的影响。结果表明:①2020年门多萨流域冰川面积为134.09±11.86 km^(2),1990-2020年冰川总体呈极显著波动下降趋势(p10 km^(2)占比最大,10 km^(2)规模冰川退缩速度最大;冰川主要分布在南坡,西北坡冰川最少,东南、东北坡冰川退缩速度最大;冰川主要分布在坡度5°~40°之间,50°~55°的冰川退缩速度最大;冰川主要分布在海拔4200~5400 m之间,<4000 m冰川退缩速率最大。③20世纪50年代末以来门多萨地区气温整体呈现极显著的上升趋势(p<0.001),研究区年均最高、最低气温每十年上升0.53、0.29℃。气温持续上升是门多萨流域冰川退缩的长期原因,降水变化是该区域冰川变化的短期原因。本研究为门多萨流域预防冰川变化导致的水资源可用性变化和地质灾害预防提供参考。

关键词：冰川变化门多萨(Mendoza) 南美洲气候变化