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Effect of ancient Khorasan wheat on gut microbiota,inflammation,and short-chain fatty acid production in patients with fibromyalgia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第18期28卷 1965-1980页

作者： Simone Baldi Giuditta Pagliai Monica Dinu Leandro Di Gloria Giulia Nannini Lavinia Curini Marco Pallecchi Edda Russo elena niccolai Giovanna Danza Stefano Benedettelli Giovanna Ballerini Barbara Colombini Gianluca Bartolucci Matteo Ramazzotti Francesco Sofi Amedeo Amedei Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Unit of Clinical Nutrition Careggi University HospitalFlorence 50134Italy Department of Neurosciences PsychologyDrug Research and Child HealthSection of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceSesto Fiorentino 50019Italy Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences“Mario Serio”University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Agriculture FoodEnvironment and ForestryUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50144Italy Multidisciplinary Center for Pain Therapy Reference Center for FibromyalgiaPiero Palagi HospitalUSL Toscana CentroFlorence 50122Italy SOD of Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine Careggi University HospitalFlorence 50134Italy

BACKGROUND Fibromyalgia(FM)syndrome is mainly characterized by widespread pain,sleeping disorders,fatigue,and cognitive *** many cases,gastrointestinal distress is also reported,suggesting the potential pathogenic role of the gut microbiota(GM).The GM is deeply influenced by several environmental factors,especially the diet,and recent findings highlighted significant symptom improvement in FM patients following various nutritional interventions such as vegetarian diet,low-fermentable oligosaccharides,disaccharides,monosaccharides,and polyols based diets,gluten-free diet,and especially an ancient grain *** particular,a recent study reported that a replacement diet with ancient Khorasan wheat led to an overall improvement in symptom severity of FM *** To examine the effects of ancient Khorasan wheat on the GM,inflammation,and short-chain fatty acid production in FM *** After a 2-wk run-in period,20 FM patients were enrolled in this randomized,double-blind crossover *** detail,they were assigned to consume either Khorasan or control wheat products for 8 wk and then,following an 8-wk washout period,*** and after treatments,GM characterization was performed by 16S rRNA sequencing while the fecal molecular inflammatory response and the short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)were respectively determined with the Luminex MAGPIX detection system and a mass chromatography-mass spectrometry *** The Khorasan wheat replacement diet,in comparison with the control wheat diet,had more positive effects on intestinal microbiota composition and on both the fecal immune and SCFAs profiles such as the significant increase of butyric acid levels(P=0.054),candidatus Saccharibacteria(P=9.95e-06)and Actinobacteria,and the reduction of Enterococcaceae(P=4.97e-04).Moreover,the improvement of various FM symptoms along with the variation of some gut bacteria after the Khorasan wheat diet have been documented;in fact we reported p

关键词： Fibromialgya Gut microbiota Khorasan wheat Fibromialgya symptoms Ancient wheat

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Effects of viremia and CD4 recovery on gut“microbiome-immunity”axis in treatment-na?ve HIV-1-infected patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第6期28卷 635-652页

作者： Edda Russo Giulia Nannini Gaetana Sterrantino Seble Tekle Kiros Vincenzo Di Pilato Marco Coppi Simone Baldi elena niccolai Federica Ricci Matteo Ramazzotti Marco Pallecchi Filippo Lagi Gian Maria Rossolini Alessandro Bartoloni Gianluca Bartolucci Amedeo Amedei Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics University of GenoaGenoa 16126Italy Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical"Mario Serio"University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Microbiology and Virology Unit Florence Careggi University HospitalUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Neurosciences PsychologyDrug Research and Child HealthUniversity of FlorenceFlorence 50019Italy

BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1)infection is characterized by persistent systemic inflammation and immune activation,even in patients receiving effective antiretroviral therapy(ART).Converging data from many cross-sectional studies suggest that gut microbiota(GM)changes can occur throughout including human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,treated by ART;however,the results are *** the first time,we compared the fecal microbial composition,serum and fecal microbial metabolites,and serum cytokine profile of treatment-na?ve patients before starting ART and after reaching virological suppression,after 24 wk of ART *** addition,we compared the microbiota composition,microbial metabolites,and cytokine profile of patients with CD4/CD8 ratio1(immunological responders[IRs]),after 24 wk of ART *** To compare for the first time the fecal microbial composition,serum and fecal microbial metabolites,and serum cytokine profile of treatment-na?ve patients before starting ART and after reaching virological suppression(HIV RNA<50 copies/m L)after 24 wk of *** We enrolled 12 treatment-na?ve HIV-infected patients receiving ART(mainly based on integrase inhibitors).Fecal microbiota composition was assessed through next generation *** addition,a comprehensive analysis of a blood broad-spectrum cytokine panel was performed through a multiplex *** the same time,serum free fatty acid(FFA)and fecal short chain fatty acid levels were obtained through gas chromatography-mass *** We first compared microbiota signatures,FFA levels,and cytokine profile before starting ART and after reaching virological *** alterations were observed in microbiota composition,in particular in the viral suppression condition,we detected an increase of Ruminococcus and Succinivibrio and a decrease of ***,in the same condition,we also obser

关键词： HIV Antiretroviral therapy Microbiome-immunity axis Microbiota Cytokines Short chain fatty acid Inflammation Immunological responders Viremia

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Fecal metabolomic profiles: A comparative study of patients with colorectal cancer vs adenomatous polyps

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第38期27卷 6430-6441页

作者： Giulia Nannini Gaia Meoni Leonardo Tenori Maria Novella Ringressi Antonio Taddei elena niccolai Simone Baldi Edda Russo Claudio Luchinat Amedeo Amedei Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Chemistry“Ugo Schiff” University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy Department of Chemistry&Magnetic Resonance Center(CERM) University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC),the third most common cause of death in both males and females worldwide,shows a positive response to therapy and usually a better prognosis when detected at an early ***,the survival rate declines when the diagnosis is late and the tumor spreads to other ***,the measures widely used in the clinic are fecal occult blood test and evaluation of serum tumor markers,but the lack of sensitivity and specificity of these markers restricts their use for CRC *** to its high sensitivity and precision,colonoscopy is currently the gold-standard screening technique for CRC,but it is a costly and invasive ***,the implementation of custom-made methodologies including those with minimal invasiveness,protection,and reproducibility is highly *** regard to other screening methods,the screening of fecal samples has several benefits,and metabolomics is a successful method to classify the metabolite shift in living systems as a reaction to pathophysiological influences,genetic modifications,and environmental *** To characterize the variation groups and potentially recognize some diagnostic markers,we compared with healthy controls(HCs)the fecal nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)metabolomic profiles of patients with CRC or adenomatous polyposis(AP).METHODS Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used in combination with multivariate and univariate statistical approaches,to define the fecal metabolic profiles of 32 CRC patients,16 AP patients,and 38 HCs well matched in age,sex,and body mass *** NMR metabolomic analyses revealed that fecal sample profiles differed among CRC patients,AP patients,and HCs,and some discriminatory metabolites including acetate,butyrate,propionate,3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid,valine,tyrosine and leucine were *** In conclusion,we are confident that our data can be a forerunner for future studies on CRC management,especially the di

关键词： Colorectal cancer Adenomatous polyps Nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics Fecal samples Fecal metabolomics

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Evaluation and comparison of short chain fatty acids composition in gut diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第36期25卷 5543-5558页

作者： elena niccolai Simone Baldi Federica Ricci Edda Russo Giulia Nannini Marta Menicatti Giovanni Poli Antonio Taddei Gianluca Bartolucci Antonino Salvatore Calabrò Francesco Claudio Stingo Amedeo Amedei Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Florence 50134 Italy Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence Florence 50134 Italy Department of Neurosciences Psychology Drug Research and Child Health Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences University of Florence Florence 50134 Italy Department of Statistics Computer Science Applications “G.Parenti” Florence 50134 Italy Department of Biomedicine Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi Florence 50134 Italy

BACKGROUND An altered (dysbiosis) and unhealthy status of the gut microbiota is usually responsible for a reduction of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration. SCFAs obtained from the carbohydrate fermentation processes are crucial in maintaining gut homeostasis and their determination in stool samples could provide a faster, reliable and cheaper method to highlight the presence of an intestinal dysbiosis and a biomarker for various gut diseases. We hypothesize that different intestinal diseases, such as celiac disease (CD), adenomatous polyposis (AP) and colorectal cancer (CRC) could display a particular fecal SCFAs’ signature. AIM To compare the fecal SCFAs’ profiles of CD, AP, CRC patients and healthy controls, using the same analytical method. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we defined and compared the SCFAs’ concentration in fecal samples of 9 AP, 16 CD, 19 CRC patients and 16 healthy controls (HC). The SCFAs’ analysis were performed using a gas-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry method. Data analysis was carried out using Wilcoxon ranksum test to assess pairwise differences of SCFAs’ profiles, partial least squaresdiscriminate analysis (PLS-DA) to determine the status membership based on distinct SCFAs’ profiles, and Dirichlet regression to determine factors influencing concentration levels of SCFAs. RESULTS We have not observed any difference in the SCFAs’ amount and composition between CD and healthy control. On the contrary, the total amount of SCFAs was significantly lower in CRC patients compared to HC (P = 0.044) and CD (P = 0.005). Moreover, the SCFAs’ percentage composition was different in CRC and AP compared to HC. In detail, HC displayed higher percentage of acetic acid (P value = 1.3 × 10-6) and a lower amount of butyric (P value = 0.02192), isobutyric (P value = 7.4 × 10-5), isovaleric (P value = 0.00012) and valeric (P value = 0.00014) acids compared to CRC patients. AP showed a lower abundance of acetic acid (P value = 0.

关键词： Short chain fatty acids Microbiota Colorectal cancer Adenoma Celiac disease

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Gastric cancer and the epoch of immunotherapy approaches

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第19期21卷 5778-5793页

作者： elena niccolai Antonio Taddei Domenico Prisco Amedeo Amedei Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine University of Florence Department of Biomedicine Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi SOD Medicina Interna Interdisciplinare-DAI Neuromuscoloscheletrico e degli organi di senso Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi

The incidence of gastric cancer(GC) fell dramatically over the last 50 years, but according to IARC-Globocan 2008, it is the third most frequent cause of cancerrelated deaths with a case fatality GC ratio higher than other common malignancies. Surgical resection is the primary curative treatment for GC though the overall 5-year survival rate remains poor(approximately 20%-25%). To improve the outcome of resectable gastric cancer, different treatment strategies have been evaluated such as adjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy. In resected gastric cancer, the addition of radiotherapy to chemotherapy does not appear to provide any additional benefit. Moreover, in metastatic patients, chemotherapy is the mainstay of palliative therapy with a median overall survival of 8-10 mo and objective response rates of merely 20%-40%. Therefore, the potential for making key beneficial progress is to investigate the GC molecular biology to realize innovative therapeutic strategies, such as specific immunotherapy. In this review, we provide a panoramic view of the different immune-based strategies used for gastric cancer treatment and the results obtained in the most significant clinical trials. In detail, firstly we describe the therapeutic approaches that utilize the monoclonal antibodies while in the second part we analyze the cell-based immunotherapies.

关键词： Gastric cancer Immunotherapy Monoclonalantibodies T cells Dendritic cells NK cells

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