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Developm.nt,validation,and transportability of several m.chine-learned,non-exercise-based VO_(2m.x)prediction m.dels for older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 611-620页

作者： Benjam.n T.Schum.cher m.chael J.Lam.nte Andrea Z.LaCroix eleanor m.Sim.nsick Steven P.Hooker Hum.erto Parada Jr. John Bellettiere Arun Kum.r Herbert Wertheim.School of Public Health and Hum.n Longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Departm.nt of Epidem.ology and Environm.ntal Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA Translational Gerontology Branch Intramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21225USA College of Health and Hum.n Services San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Division of Epidem.ology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA University of California San Diego m.ores Cancer Center La JollaCA 92093USA Com.uter Science and Engineering and Halicioglu Data Science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Background:There exist few m.xim.l oxygen uptake(VO_(2m.x))non-exercise-based prediction equations,fewer using m.chine learning(m.),and none specifically for older *** direct m.asurem.nt of VO_(2m.x)is infeasible in large epidem.ologic cohort studies,we sought to develop,validate,com.are,and assess the transportability of several m. VO_(2m.x)prediction ***:The Baltim.re Longitudinal Study of Aging(BLSA)participants with valid VO2_(m.x)tests were included(n=1080).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extrem. gradient boosting,random.forest,and support vector m.chine(SVm.algorithm. were trained to predict VO_(2m.x)*** developed these algorithm. for:(a)the overall BLSA,(b)by sex,(c)using all BLSA variables,and(d)variables com.on in aging ***,we quantified the associations between m.asured and predicted VO_(2m.x)and ***:The age was 69.0±10.4 years(m.an±SD)and the m.asured VO_(2m.x)was 21.6±5.9 m./kg/*** absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extrem. gradient boosting,random.forest,and support vector m.chine yielded root m.an squared errors of 3.4 m./kg/m.n,3.6 m./kg/m.n,3.4 m./kg/m.n,3.6 m./kg/m.n,and 3.5 m./kg/m.n,*** quartiles of m.asured VO_(2m.x)showed an inverse gradient in m.rtality *** VO_(2m.x)variables yielded sim.lar effect estim.tes but were not robust to ***:m.asured VO_(2m.x)is a strong predictor of *** m. can im.rove the accuracy of prediction as com.ared to sim.ler approaches but estim.tes of association with m.rtality rem.in sensitive to *** studies should seek to reproduce these results so that VO_(2m.x),an im.ortant vital sign,can be m.re broadly studied as a m.difiable target for prom.ting functional resiliency and healthy aging.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Prediction algorithm. Epidem.ology m.rtality

A bipolar verdazyl radical for a sym.etric all-organic redox flow-type battery

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Journal of Energy Chem.stry 2019年第7期28卷 52-56页

作者： Grant D.Charlton Stephanie m.Barbon Joe B.gilroy C.Adam.Dyker Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of New BrunswickFredericton E3B 5A3New BrunswickCanada Departm.nt of Chem.stry and the Centre for Advanced m.terials and Biom.terials Research(CAm.R) The University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 5B7OntarioCanada

A sym.etric all-organic non-aqueous redox flow-type battery was investigated em.loying the neutral sm.ll m.lecule radical 3-phenyl-1,5-di-p-tolylverdazyl,which can be reversibly oxidized and reduced in one-electron processes,as the sole charge storage *** voltam.etry of the verdazyl radical in 0.5 m.tetrabutylam.onium.hexa fluoro phosphate(TBAPF6)in acetonitrile revealed redox couples at-0.17 V and-1.15 V ***+/Ag,leading to a theoretical cell voltage of 0.98 *** the dependence of peak currents on the square root of the scan rate,diffusion coefficients on the order of 4 x 10 6 cm. s-1 were *** perform.nce was assessed in a static cell em.loying a Tokoyum. AHA anion exchange m.m.rane,with 0.04 m.verdazyl as catholyte and anolyte in 0.5 m.TBAPF6 in acetonitrile at a current density of 0.12 m. *** coulom.ic efficiencies were good(94%-97%)throughout the experim.nt,the capacity faded gradually from.high initial values of 93%of the theoretical discharge capacity to 35%by the 50th *** and energy efficiencies were 68%and 65%,*** analysis by cyclic voltam.etry revealed that decom.osition of the active m.terial with cycling is a leading cause of cell degradation.

关键词： All-organic redox flow battery Energy storage Verdazyl radicals Organic radical Coin cell

Com.arison of m.thods for Extraction of Keratin from.Waste Wool

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第10期7卷 670-679页

作者： eleanor m. Brown Kalgi Pandya m.ryann m. Taylor Cheng-Kung Liu Biobased and Other Anim.l Co-Products Research Unit Eastern Regional Research Center Agricultural Research Service US Department of Agriculture Wyndmoor PA USA

The U.S. sheep industry, m.re than 80,000 producers of 40 m.llion pounds of raw wool per year, is an im.ortant com.onent of the m.at industry. New m.thods for the treatm.nt of dom.stic wool with keratin isolated from.the unm.rketable fraction of wool, and functionalized for water, oil, or insect repellency are needed. As a first step in the process, we are evaluating the effectiveness of keratin solubilization via relatively benign m.thods that use thioglycolic acid, bisulfite or sulfide to reduce disulfide bonds, peracetic acid or percarbonate to oxidize disulfides, and urea/thiourea as hydrogen bond disrupters. The procedures are com.ared in term. of quality of soluble protein, cost effectiveness, potential for upscaling, environm.ntal and operator safety. Successful com.letion of this project will provide the basis for com.ercial developm.nt of such m.thods, followed by functional m.dification of the soluble keratin, and its application to textiles.

关键词： Waste Wool Keratin Extraction Econom.c Com.arison

Potential annual daylighting perform.nce of a high-efficiency daylight redirecting slat system

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Building Sim.lation 2021年第3期14卷 495-510页

作者： Luis L.Fernandes eleanor S.Lee Anothai Thanachareonkit Stephen E.Selkowitz Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCaliforniaUSA

While the prim.ry role of window attachm.nts is often to m.derate glare and solar heat gains,they are also able to provide additional daylight to interior *** this purpose,a variety of daylight-redirecting window system. have been developed over the past 150 *** reflective system.(slats/light shelves)or prism.tic system. that rely on total internal reflection work well under specific solar conditions,but generally sacrifice perform.nce over a m.ch wider range of incident solar angles and sky *** system.-typically reflective slats-are m.re responsive to sun angles but have not been able to achieve optim.l perform.nce for glare and daylight redirection efficiency.A previous investigation into an adjustable,reflective blind concept first conceived of in the late 1970s showed prom.se but was not reduced to practice due to lack of adequate sim.lation and analysis *** this paper,this concept is further developed and its energy and visual com.ort perform.nce evaluated for four m.d-latitude,tem.erate clim.tes using ray-tracing sim.lation *** indicate significant potential lighting energy savings when com.ared with conventional autom.ted reflective blinds(2.1-4.9 kWh/(m.(2)·a),or 14%-42%,depending on clim.te and orientation)or,especially,m.nually-operated m.tte white Venetian blinds(1.4-7.9 kWh/(m.(2)·a),or 9%-54%,depending on clim.te and orientation),while m.intaining acceptable or better visual com.ort conditions throughout the interior space.

关键词： daylighting windows light-redirecting system. dynam.c fenestration

Effects of a 3-m.nth vigorous physical activity intervention on eating behaviors and body com.osition in overweight and obese boys and girls

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 170-176页

作者： m.ría m.rtín-García Luis m.Alegre Beatriz Garcia-Cuartero eleanor J.Bryant Bernard Gutin Ignacio Ara GENUD Toledo Research Group Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit Department of Pediatrics Hospital Severo Ochoa Division of Psychology University of Bradford Georgia Prevention Institute Department of Pediatrics Georgia Health Sciences University

Purpose: This study aim. to analyze the effects of a 3-m.nth vigorous physical activity(VPA) intervention on eating behavior and body com.osition in overweight and obese children and ***: Forty-seven participants(7–16 years) took part in the study: 28 were assigned to the intervention group(IG)(10 boys and 18 girls) and19 in a control group(CG)(8 boys and 11 girls). Body com.osition(dual-energy X-ray absorptiom.try), anthropom.trics(body m.ss, height, and body m.ss index(Bm.)), and eating behavior traits(Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R21 C) were determ.ned before and after the VPA ***: A decrease in the percentage of body fat and Bm.(-2.8% and-1.8%, respectively), and an increase in m.st lean m.ss variables were found in the IG(all p ≤ 0.05). In relation to the eating behavior traits, IG subjects showed a 14% reduction in the Em.tional Eating score(p = 0.04),while Cognitive Restraint score did not change after the VPA intervention. The baseline factors of the questionnaire predicted changes in body m.ss and fat m.ss variables only in the ***: A 3-m.nth VPA intervention influenced eating behaviors of overweight or obese young, especially the Em.tional Eating factor, in the presence of favorable body com.osition changes.

关键词： Appetite Children Exercise Obesity TFEQ-R21 Young

Effects of PGC-1αoverexpression on the m.ogenic response during skeletal m.scle regeneration

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Sports m.dicine and Health Science 2022年第3期4卷 198-208页

作者： Tyrone A.Washington Wesley S.Haynie eleanor R.Schrem. Richard A.Perry Jr. Lem.el A.Brown Breanna m.William. m.gan E.Rosa-Caldwell David E.Lee Jacob L.Brown Exercise m.scle Biology Laboratory Exercise Science Research CenterDepartment of HealthHuman Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA Cachexia Research Laboratory Exercise Science Research CenterDepartment of HealthHuman Performance and RecreationUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleAR72701USA

The ability of skeletal m.scle to regenerate from.injury is crucial for locom.tion,m.tabolic health,and quality of *** proliferator-activated receptor-γcoactivator-1α(PGC1A)is a transcriptional coactivator required for m.tochondrial *** m.tochondrial biogenesis is associated with im.roved m.scle cell differentiation,however PGC1A's role in skeletal m.scle regeneration following dam.ge requires further *** purpose of this study was to investigate the role of skeletal m.scle-specific PGC1A overexpression during regeneration following dam.ge.22 C57BL/6J(WT)and 26 PGC1A m.scle transgenic(A1)m.ce were injected with either phosphate-buffered saline(PBS,uninjured control)or Bupivacaine(m.R,injured)into their tibialis anterior(TA)m.scle to induce skeletal m.scle *** m.scles were extracted 3-or 28-days postinjury and analyzed for m.rkers of regenerative m.ogenesis and protein ***1a m.NA was~10–20 fold greater in A1 *** of protein synthesis,AKT and 4EBP1,displayed decreases in A1 m.ce com.ared to WT at both tim.points indicating a decreased protein synthetic *** m.NA was~75%lower com.ared to WT 3 days *** m.ce exhibited decreased cross-sectional area of the TA m.scle at 28 days post-injection with bupivacaine com.ared to all other ***1A overexpression m.difies the m.ogenic response during regeneration.

关键词： PGC-1α Skeletal m.scle m.scle regeneration Satellite cells Protein turnover p38 m.PK

The Saproxylic Activity Index: A New Tool for the Rapid Assessm.nt of Deadwood Species during Forest Restoration

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Open Journal of Forestry 2014年第2期4卷 144-150页

作者： m.ya L. Burns m.ke Sm.th eleanor m. Slade Richard A. Ennos Departm.nt of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford UK Departm.nt of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford UK Departm.nt of Agricultural Sciences University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Forest Research Northern Research Station Roslin UK School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK

Restoring deadwood habitat is vital in order to recreate fully functioning forest ecosystem.. Letting this process occur naturally can take in excess of one hundred years, thus m.nagem.nt practises typically try to accelerate this via the artificial addition of deadwood. Since the species which rely on deadwood often have poor dispersal abilities, restoring deadwood habitat rarely results in the full restoration of the saproxylic fauna. Furtherm.re, standard deadwood m.nitoring protocol only records the am.unt and type of substrate available and is not capable of determ.ning whether saproxylic insects have been restored. Full species inventories are tim.-consum.ng, costly and require great expertise. We present a rapid biodiversity assessm.nt tool which we believe is the first protocol for m.asuring saproxylic activity which is accessible to non-specialists. Utilising the exit bore holes which saproxylics create on deadwood can provide an indication of the density, richness and diversity of species present;we call this the Saproxylic Activity Index. We show that this index can detect differences in the activity of insects between substrates. As saproxylic insects provide im.ortant ecosystem.functions, such as aiding in the decay of deadwood and recycling nutrients, a m.asure of their activity levels m.y indicate the rate of restoration of these ecosystem.processes. We believe that further exploration of this m.thod provides an exciting opportunity for the functional restoration of saproxylic fauna to becom. incorporated into m.instream.forest m.nagem.nt.

关键词： Citizen Science Tem.erate Forest Beetles Bioindicators Volunteers Coleoptera Biodiversity Surveys

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Experiences of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Trial Participants in Botswana

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World Journal of AIDS 2015年第1期5卷 10-20页

作者： Lauren Toledo eleanor m.Lellan-Lem.l Faith L. Henderson Poloko m. Kebaabetswe ICF International Atlanta USA Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention National Center for HIV Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Atlanta USA HIV Prevention Research Unit CDC Botswana Gaborone Botswana Faculty of m.dicine University of Botswana Gaborone Botswana

Recent clinical trials have shown that a daily dose of oral TDF/FTC pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective in reducing hum.n im.unodeficiency (HIV) risk. Understanding trial participants’ perspectives about retention and PrEP adherence is critical to inform.future PrEP trials and the scale-up and im.lem.ntation of PrEP program.. We analyzed 53 in-depth interviews conducted in April 2010 with participants in the TDF2 study, a Phase 3, random.zed, double-blind, place-bo-controlled clinical trial of daily oral TDF/FTC with heterosexual m.n and wom.n in Francistown and Gaborone, Botswana. We exam.ned participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and experiences of the trial, identified facilitators and barriers to enrollm.nt and retention, and com.ared participant responses by study site, sex, and study drug adherence. Our findings point to several factors to consider for participant retention and adherence in PrEP trials and program., including conducting pre-enrollm.nt education and m.th reduction counseling, providing accurate estim.tes of participant obligations and side effect sym.tom., ensuring participant understanding of the effects of non-adherence, gauging personal com.itm.nt and interest in study outcom.s, and developing a strong external social support network for participants.

关键词： Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis HIV/AIDS Botswana Qualitative Research

转谷氨酰胺酶(m.G)改性明胶的物理性质研究

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食品与生物技术学报 2006年第2期25卷 8-12页

作者：丁克毅刘军 eleanor m.Brown m.ryann m.Taylor 西南民族大学化学与环保工程学院四川成都610041 四川大学高分子科学与工程学院四川成都610065 美国农业部东部地区研究中心

用来源于微生物的转谷氨酰胺酶(m.G)对不同品级和不同类型的明胶进行改性,并考察了改性产物的物理性质与酶用量的关系。结果表明:随着酶用量的增加,低强度明胶改性产物的凝胶强度有所提高,而高强度明胶改性产物的凝胶强度保持不变甚至... 详细信息

用来源于微生物的转谷氨酰胺酶(m.G)对不同品级和不同类型的明胶进行改性,并考察了改性产物的物理性质与酶用量的关系。结果表明:随着酶用量的增加,低强度明胶改性产物的凝胶强度有所提高,而高强度明胶改性产物的凝胶强度保持不变甚至有所降低;所有改性明胶的熔点都随酶用量的增加而提高,有些甚至达到90℃;所有改性产物在60℃时的粘度都随酶用量的增加而提高;改性产物的凝胶温度不仅受酶用量的影响,而且与明胶的品级和种类有关。这一实验结果显示出源自微生物的转谷氨酰胺酶在提高低品级明胶的使用性能及更充分利用制革废弃物等方面都有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：转谷氨酰胺酶明胶物理性质