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Biological removal of selenate in saline wastewater by activated sludge under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第5期13卷 39-49页

作者： Yuanyuan Zhang Masashi Kuroda Shunsuke arai Fumitaka Kato Daisuke Inoue Michihiko Ike Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka University2-1 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Nippon Steel&Sumitomo Metal Corporation 20-1 ShintomiFuttsuChiba 293-8511Japan

Selenium (Se)-containing industrial wastewater is often coupled with notable salinity. However, limited studies have examined biological treatment of Se-containing wastewater under high salinity conditions. In this study, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) inoculated with activated sludge was applied to treat selenate in synthetic saline wastewater (3% w/v NaCl) supplemented with lactate as the carbon source. Start-up of the SBR was performed with addition of 1–5 mM of selenate under oxygen-limiting conditions, which succeeded in removing more than 99% of the soluble Se. Then, the treatment of 1 mM Se with cycle duration of 3 days was carried out under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions by adding aeration period after oxygen-limiting period. Although the SBR maintained soluble Se removal of above 97%, considerable amount of solid Se remained in the effluent as suspended solids and total Se removal fluctuated between about 40 and 80%. Surprisingly, the mass balance calculation found a considerable decrease of Se accumulated in the SBR when the aeration period was prolonged to 7 h, indicating very efficient Se biovolatilization. Furthermore, microbial community analysis suggested that various Se-reducing bacteria coordinately contributed to the removal of Se in the SBR and main contributors varied depending on the operational conditions. This study will offer implications for practical biological treatment of selenium in saline wastewater.

关键词： Activated sludge Selenate reduction Saline wastewater Sequencing batch reactor Alternating anoxic/oxic conditions Selenium biovolatilization

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Synthesis and TEM structural characterization of C60-flattened carbon nanotube nanopeapods

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Nano Research 2014年第12期7卷 1843-1848页

作者： Qing Wang Ryo Kitaura Yuta Yamamoto Shigeo arai Hisanori Shinohara Department of Chemistry & Institute for Advanced Research Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8602 Japan High Voltage Electron Microscope Laboratory Ecotopia Science Institute Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8602 Japan

A fully flattened carbon nanotube （FNT）, a graphene nanoribbon （GNR） analogue, provides a hollow space at edges for endohedral doping. Due to the unique shape of the hollow space of FNTs, novel types of low-dimensional arrangements of atoms and molecules can be obtained through endohedral doping into FNTs, which provides a new type of nanopeapods. FNT-based nanopeapods have been synthesized through endohedral doping of C60, and their structural characterization with transmission electron microscopy （TEM） performed. The doping of C60 into the inner hollow space of FNTs has been carried out via the gas-phase filling method, where open-ended FNTs are sealed in a glass ampoule and heated at 723-773 K for two days. TEM observations show that most of the encapsulated C60 molecules align as single molecular chains along the edges of FNTs and that some of the C60 forms two-dimensional close-packed structures inside FNTs.

关键词： carbon nanotubes nanopeapods endohedral doping electron microscopy

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Therapeutic potential of prophylactic exercise for intracerebral hemorrhage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1484-1485页

作者： Keita Kinoshita Kelly K.Chung Hiroshi Katsuki Ken arai Neuroprotection Research Laboratory Departments of Radiology and NeurologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan

Exercise and brain health:Physical activity helps promote and maintain our brain health,including memory and cognitive *** has shown that exercise is a safe behavioral intervention that reduces the risk of hypokinetic... 详细信息

关键词： diseases Therapeutic hemorrhage

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One-Pot Room-Temperature Synthesis of Mg Containing MCM-41 Mesoporous Silica for Aldol Reactions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第12期34卷 2521-2528页

作者： Shin-Ichiro Fujita Shinji Segawa Kazuki Kawashima Xuejing Nie Tomoki Erata Masahiko arai Division of Applied Chemistry Faculty of EngineeringHokkaido University

One-pot synthesis of Mg containing MCM-41(Mg-MCM-41) materials was respectively carried out by a room temperature(RT) method and a hydrothermal(HT) method for aldol condensation of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and acetone and self-condensation of acetone. The RT method can prepare MCM-41 materials containing large amounts of Mg while maintaining the structural characteristics of MCM-41 even at very low Si/Mg ratios(large Mg loadings), but the HT method cannot. The RT method can also give more active catalysts than the HT method, because the catalysts prepared by the RT method are more basic than those prepared by the HT one. The characterization indicates that Mg atoms in the Mg-MCM-41 prepared by the RT method exist as MgO disperses well on the wall surface of pores, while those in Mg-MCM-41 prepared by the HT method are included in the bulk with a smectite-like structure.

关键词： Aldol condensation Solid base catalyst Mg incorporated mesoporous silica Magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance

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Standards of Reporting Kampo Products (STORK) in research articles

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第3期15卷 182-185页

作者： Yoshiharu Motoo Takashi Hakamatsuka Nobuo Kawahara Ichiro arai Kiichiro Tsutani Committee for Evidence-based Medicine Japan Society for Oriental Medicine Tokyo Japan Department of Medical Oncology Kanazawa Medical University Ishikawa 920-0293 Japan Division of Pharmacognosy phytochemistry and Narcotics National Institute of Health Sciences Tokyo 158- 8501 Japan Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation Health and Nutrition Ibaraki 305-1843 Japan Department of Kampo Medicine Nihon Pharmaceutical University Saitama 362-0806 Japan Faculty of Health Sciences Tokyo Ariake University of Medical and Health Sciences Tokyo 135-0063 Japan

There had been no standardized rules for citing ethical Kampo products used in clinical trials in journal articles. Although the name of a Kampo manufacturer was described in 77.9% of research articles, the name and ratios of crude drug components of Kampo formulas were not described in 77.5% of these papers. Considering the importance of proper characterization of interventions in the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials （CONSORT） checklist, we hereby propose the use of the Standards of Reporting Kampo Products （STORK） website, http：//***/stork, as a reference for Kampo products. This will provide an official source on the internet for verified information on individual Kampo formulations for citation purposes in clinical research articles.

关键词： medicine, Kampo Evidence Reports on Kampo Treatment randomized controlled trial Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) Standards of Reporting Kampo Products (STORK)

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Optical Transmittance and Band Gap of Ferroelectric BaTi2O5 Bulk Glass

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第12期25卷 4421-4424页

作者： Javed Ahmad Hidetoshi Minami Sher Alam Jianding Yu Yasutomo arai Hiromoto Uwe Institute of Materials Science University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan Department of Physics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800 Pakistan Advanced Materials Laboratory National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency ISS Science Project Office 2-1-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8505 Japan

Optical transmittance and reflectance on ferroelectric BaTi2O5 glasses prepared recently by a containerless synthesis technique are measured at room temperature in the wavelength range 190-800nm. The fundamental absorption edge located around 340nm demonstrates the coloudess and transparent character of the glass. The optical band gap of 3.32eV has been estimated. The tail of the optical absorption near the fundamental absorption edge is found to follow the Urbach rule. Our analysis of the experimental spectra supports an indirect allowed interband transition between the valence band formed by O-2p orbitals and the conduction band formed by Ti-3d orbitals.

关键词： field emission molybdenum dioxide enhancement factor

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AIM associated with the IgM pentamer: attackers on stand-by at aircraft carrier

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第6期15卷 563-574页

作者： Toru Miyazaki Tomoko Yamazaki Ryoichi Sugisawa M Eric Gershwin Satoko arai Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine for Pathogenesis Center for Disease Biology and Integrative MedicineFaculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan CREST Japan Agency for Medical Research and DevelopmentTokyo 113-0033Japan Max Planck-The University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology Tokyo 113-0033Japan Division of Rheumatology Allergy and Clinical Immunology The University of California School of MedicineDavisCA 95616USA

Circulating immunoglobulin M(IgM)exists in a pentameric form,possessing a polyreactive nature that responds not only to foreign antigens but also to autoantigens;thus,it is involved in both beneficial and detrimental immune responses,including protection from infection and the progression of *** the other hand,IgM also behaves as a carrier of the apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage(AIM)protein,storing a large amount of the inactivated form of AIM in the blood through this *** different disease conditions,AIM can dissociate from IgM locally or systemically to exert its function,inducing the removal of various biological debris such as excess fat,bacteria,cancer cells or dead cell *** typically,upon induction of acute kidney injury(AKI),IgM-free AIM is filtered by the glomerulus in the kidney,which stimulates the clearance of intraluminal dead cells debris at the obstructed proximal tubules,thereby facilitating the repair of kidney ***,cats exhibit a deficiency in AIM release from IgM,which may increase their susceptibility to renal ***,association with AIM inhibits IgM binding to the Fcα/μreceptor on follicular dendritic cells at the splenic germinal center,thereby protecting the IgM immune complex from Fcα/μreceptor-mediated internalization,which supports IgM-dependent antigen presentation to B cells and stimulates high-affinity IgG antibody *** regulation of AIM–IgM binding,resulting from the discovery of reciprocal actions between AIM and IgM,could lead to the development of novel therapies against different diseases.

关键词： apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage(AIM) immunoglobulin M(IgM) acute kidney injury(AKI) hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cat renal failure

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Cyclic oligourea synthesized from CO_(2):Purification,characterization and properties

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Green Energy & Environment 2022年第3期7卷 477-484页

作者： Ruhui Shi Haiyang Cheng Hongxiang Li Peixuan Wu Chao Zhang Masahiko arai Fengyu Zhao State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesNo.5625 Renmin Rd.Changchun130022China University of Science and Technology of China No.96 Jinzhai Rd.Hefei230026China Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Process Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesNo.5625 Renmin Rd.Changchun130022China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesNo.5625 Renmin Rd.Changchun130022China

Carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) as a sustainable resource instead of toxic reagents has attracted considerable attention in synthesis of chemicals and polymeric ***,a kind of cyclic oligourea was synthesized via polycondensation of CO_(2) with 4,7,10-trioxa-1,13-tridecanediamine(TTD)followed by effective separation and purification *** developed an efficient separation strategy in which the linear oligourea molecules were selectively transformed to macromolecular polyurea molecules by a reaction of the–NH_(2) end group with 4,4’-diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI),followed by separation from cyclic oligourea using selected *** structure and physicochemical properties were confirmed by MALDI-TOF mass spectra,NMR,Cryo-EM,thermal analysis and solubility *** well-defined cyclic oligourea was produced with a high purity(99.4%)and the average-number molecular weight(Mn)of 1040 *** is semi-crystalline in structure with a melting point of 106℃and glass transition point of-10℃.The cyclic oligourea presented characteristically difference to its linear *** work provides a new member to cyclic polymer family.

关键词： materials separation purity

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The Possibility of Active Attitude Control for Fuel Spray

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Engineering 2019年第3期5卷 519-534页

作者： Masataka arai Tokyo Denki University Tokyo 120-8551 Japan

The internal combustion engine (ICE) is an attractive power source for automobiles, with its superior storability, transportability, and suppliability of liquid fuel with high energy density. Compact ICEs with high performance and a low environmental load are greatly needed. In the future, smart active control of combustion by means of fuel spray injection must be considered as a breakthrough technology to address serious issues related to conventional ICEs, such as emissions. A designed fuel injection rate and spray pattern during the injection period have been technically developed, and combustion can be partially controlled in the conventional ICE. However, spatial fuel distribution is not progressing as desired in the field of combustion;thus, new and effective active control technologies for fuel spray are very necessary for the smart control of combustion. Cavitation, flash boiling, spray-to-spray interaction, spray-to-wall interaction, and air flow have potential as a basis for active attitude control of fuel spray. This article uses evidence from the literature to discuss the possibility of active spray attitude control for future fuel spray combustion technology in a smart compact ICE.

关键词： Internal combustion engine Fuel spray Spray control behavior injector

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An advanced partitioning process for key elements separation from high level liquid waste

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第9期55卷 1726-1731页

作者： WEI YueZhou WANG XinPeng LIU RuiQin WU Yan USUDA Shigekazu arai Tsuyoshi School of Nuclear Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan Shibaura Institute of Technology Koto-ku Tokyo 135-8548 Japan

To separate MA （Am, Cm） and some fission product elements （FPs） such as Tc, Pd, Cs and Sr from high level liquid waste （HLLW） systematically, we have been studying an advanced aqueous partitioning process, which uses selective adsorption as the separation method. For this process, we prepared several novel adsorbents which were immobilized in a porous sili- c^polymer composite support （SiO2-P）. Adsorption and separation behavior of various elements was studied experimentally in detail. Small scale separation tests using simulated HLLW solutions were carried out. Pd（II） was strongly adsorbed by the AR-01 anion exchanger and effectively eluted off by using thiourea. Successful separation of Pd（ll） from simulated HLLW was achieved. Te（VII） also exhibited strong adsorption on AR-01 and could be eluted off by using U（IV） as a reductive eluent. Am（Ⅲ） presented significantly high adsorbability and selectivity onto R-BTP/SiOz-P adsorbents over various FPs including Ln（Ⅲ）. The R-BTP adsorbents were fairly stable in 3 M HNO3, but instable against 7-irradiation-3M HNO3. An advanced par- titioning process consisting of three separation columns for the target elements separation from HLLW was proposed and the obtained experiment results indicated that the proposed process is essentially feasible.

关键词： HLLW minor actinides fission products separation novel adsorbents extraction chromatography ion exchange waste minimization valuable elements utilization

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