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Economic cost-benefit analysis for the agricultural use of sewage sludge treated with lime and fly ash

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2021年第5期8卷 1099-1107页

作者： efrat Hadas Uri Mingelgrin Pinchas Fine Investment Financing Department Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development68 Hamakabim RoadP.O.Box 151597505101 Rishon LeZionIsrael Agricultural Research Organization Volcani CenterInstitute of SoilsWater and Environmental Sciences68 Hamakabim RoadP.O.Box 151597505101 Rishon LeZionIsrael

A tool for calculating the economic and environmental impacts of the use of byproducts of industrial processes that can substitute for perishable resources was *** was exemplified by fly ash(the fine fraction of ash originating from coal burned to generate electricity and collected by filtering exhaust gases leaving the furnace),added to soil as a component of sewage sludge stabilized with fly ash and lime(NVS).Application to soil of NVS has potential agricultural and environmental advantages and *** costs and benefits of such application were calculated using both a database and expert *** calculations assumed a representative assemblage of soils and crops,with weights assigned to each crop type and soil *** annual weighted benefits(additional income for the farmer)and costs per hectare reached 324$/ha and 131$/ha *** potential benefits include:Chemical fertilizer replacement,159$/ha;Improvement to the soil’s physical properties,75$/ha;Supply of vital trace elements,33$/*** potential costs were:Regulatory limitations on marketing of crops pending proof of absence of risk of heavy metals or radionuclides accumulation in these crops,(17$/ha and 36$/ha respectively);Application and incorporation cost,50$/*** presented estimates of the costs and benefits refer to the array of soils and conditions typical to *** is possible to maximize potential benefits by applying fly ash only to the most suitable agricultural soils while improper use of fly ash will increase the costs incurred from its use.

关键词： Byproducts recycling Cost-benefit analysis Fly ash Liming Sewage sludge

The neuro-glial coagulonome: the thrombin receptor and coagulation pathways as major players in neurological diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第12期14卷 2043-2053页

作者： Shany G.Gofrit efrat Shavit-Stein Department of Neurology and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University

The neuro-glial interface extends far beyond mechanical support alone and includes interactions through coagulation cascade proteins. Here, we systematically review the evidence indicating that synaptic and node of Ranvier glia cell components modulate synaptic transmission and axonal conduction by a coagulation cascade protein system, leading us to propose the concept of the neuro-glial coagulonome. In the peripheral nervous system, the main thrombin receptor protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is located on the Schwann microvilli at the node of Ranvier and at the neuromuscular junction. PAR1 activation effects can be both neuroprotective or harmful, depending on thrombin activity levels. Low physiological levels of thrombin induce neuroprotective effects in the Schwann cells which are mediated by the endothelial protein C receptor. High levels of thrombin induce conduction deficits, as found in experimental autoimmune neuritis, the animal model for Guillaine-Barre syndrome. In the central nervous system, PAR1 is located on the peri-synaptic astrocyte end-feet. Its activation by high thrombin levels is involved in the pathology of primary inflammatory brain diseases such as multiple sclerosis, as well as in other central nervous system insults, including trauma, neoplasms, epilepsy and vascular injury. Following activation of PAR1 by high thrombin levels the seizure threshold is lowered. On the other hand, PAR1 activation by lower levels of thrombin in the central nervous system protects against a future ischemic insult. This review presents the known structure and function of the neuro-glial coagulonome, focusing on coagulation, thrombin and PAR1 in a pathway which may be either physiological (neuroprotective) or detrimental in peripheral nervous system and central nervous system diseases. Understanding the neuro-glial coagulonome may open opportunities for novel pharmacological interventions in neurological diseases.

关键词： thrombin protease activated receptor 1 protease nexin 1 glia node of Ranvier synapse epilepsy glioblastoma Guillaine-Barre syndrome

REAL-TIME MONITORING OF MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION AND CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW FOLLOWING FOCAL ISCHEMIA IN RATS

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2008年第1期1卷 63-69页

作者： AMIR LIVNAT MICHAEL TOLMASOV efrat BARBIRO-MICHAELY AVRAHAM MAYEVSKY The Mina&Everard Goodman Faculty of Life-Sciences and The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan 52900Israel

Focal ischemia due to reduction of cerebral blood flow(CBF),creates 2 zones of damage:the core area,which suffers severe damage,and penumbra area,which surrounds the core and suffers intermediate levels of ***:A novel method is introduced,which evaluates mitochondrial function in the core and in the penumbra,during focal cerebral ***:Wistar rats underwent focal cerebral ischemia by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)for 60 minutes,followed by 60 minutes of *** function was assessed by a unique Multi-Site—Multi-Parametric(MSMP)monitoring system,which measures mitochondrial NADH using fluorometric technique,and CBF using Laser Doppler Flowmetry(LDF).Results:At the onset of occlusion,CBF dropped and NADH increased significantly only in the right *** levels were significantly lower and NADH significantly higher in the core than in the *** reperfusion,CBF and NADH recovered correspondingly to the intensity of ***:Application of the MSMP system can add significant information for the understanding of the cerebral metabolic state under ischemic conditions,with an emphasis on mitochondrial function.

关键词： Mitochondrial function cerebral blood flow focal ischemia

HOW DOES ANESTHESIA AFFECT VARIOUS LEVELS OF EXPERIMENTAL TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY?

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2011年第4期4卷 409-420页

作者： BARBIRO-MICHAELY efrat MANOR TAMAR ROGATSKY GENNADY MAYEVSKY AVRAHAM The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life-Sciences The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan52900Israel

The use of anesthetics is a well-known treatment for severely injured *** the present study we tested the pathophysiology of several levels of injury damage in a rat model and also tested the effect of Equithesin on brain vitality in these *** Brain Injury(TBI)was induced using thefluid percussion injury model in four levels:mild,moderate and two levels of severe *** real-time evaluation was performed by the multiparametric monitoring assembly(MPA)which enable cerebral bloodflow(CBF)monitoring by laser Dopplerflowmetry,mitochondrial NADH(Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)monitoring by thefluorometric technique,ionic homehostasis using special mini-electrodes,intracranial pressure(ICP)by the ICP camino device and needle electrodes for ECoG(Electrocorticogram)*** results showed high correlation between the level of impact and the extent of changes in the physiological properties of the injury as indicated by the changes in all parameters monitored using the MPA ***,Equithesin improved CBF,ionic extracellular level and mitochondrial redox state following mild and moderate TBI while in severe TBI,Equithesin did not improve the metabolic state of the cerebral cortex,although it decreased the mortality rate from 66%to 20%,and following extra-severe TBI level,Equithesin did not improve survival *** conclusion it seems that Equithesin's protective effect exists under mild to moderate levels of injury and not in case of severe injuries.

关键词： Cerebral bloodflow mitochondrial NADH multiparametric monitoring

Optical monitoring of tissue viability parameters in vivo: from experimental animals to clinical applications

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2010年第2期3卷 153-162页

作者： Avraham MAYEVSKY efrat BARBIRO-MICHAELY Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences Gonda Brain Research Center Bar-Ilan University Criti Sense Ltd.

Optical monitoring of tissue physiological and biochemical parameters in real-time is a new approach and a powerful tool for better clinical diagnosis and *** of the devices available for monitoring patients in critical conditions provide information on body respiratory and hemodynamic ***,monitoring of patients at the cellular and tissue level is very *** monitoring of mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide（NADH） as an indicator of intra-cellular oxygen levels started 50 years *** dysfunction was recognized as a key element in the pathogenesis of various *** developed the "CritiView" —a revolutionary patient monitoring system providing real time data on mitochondrial function as well as microcirculatory blood flow,hemoglobin oxygenation as well as tissue *** hypothesize that under the development of body O2insufficiency the well known blood flow redistribution mechanism will protect the most vital organs（brain and heart） by increasing blood flow while the less vital organs(gastrointestinal（GI） tract or urogenital system) will become hypoperfused and O2delivery will ***,the less vital organs will be the initial responders to O2imbalances and the last to recover after the end of *** urethral wall represents a lessvital organ in the body and may be very sensitive to the development of emergency situations in *** is assumed that the beginning of deterioration processes（i.e.,internal bleeding） as well as resuscitation end-points in critically ill patients will be *** this paper,we review the theoretical,technological,experimental and preliminary clinical results accumulated using the "CritiView".Preliminary clinical studies suggest that our monitoring approach is practical in collecting data from the urethral wall in critical care *** CritiView in critical care medicine may shed new light on body O2balance and the development of body em

关键词： patients monitoring tissue vitality mitochondrial dysfunction tissue blood flow critical care medicine

EFFECTS OF SEVERE HEMORRHAGE ON IN VIVO BRAIN AND SMALL INTESTINE MITOCHONDRIAL NADH AND MICROCIRCULATORY BLOOD FLOW

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2008年第2期1卷 177-183页

作者： MIRA M.MANDELBAUM efrat BARBIRO-MICHAELY MICHAEL TOLMASOV AVRAHAM MAYEVSKY The Mina&Everard Goodman Faculty of Life-Sciences and The Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan52900Israel

Severe body stress induced by hypoxemia and hypotension may lead to total body energy state *** perfusion of the most vital organs is maintained at the expense of“less vital”*** the present study,we used a multi-site multiparametric(MSMP)monitoring system for real-time evaluation of tissue blood flow(TBF)and mitochondrial NADH fluorescence of the brain and the small intestine following *** Group 1,uncontrolled hemorrhage,mean arterial pressure(MAP)was decreased to 40mmHg within 2 minutes and shed blood was re-infused after *** Group 2,controlled hemorrhage,during the 30minutes of hemorrhage,MAP was kept at *** hemorrhage,in both groups,the intestinal TBF and NADH deteriorated,while the brain remained relatively well *** Group 1,all parameters partly recovered within the hemorrhage phase,while in Group 2,complete recovery occurred only after *** the end of the experiment,both models showed a decrease in intestinal viability(TBF decreased,NADH increased),while the brain metabolic state in Group 2 declined *** unique multi-parametric monitoring device demonstrated that,under hemorrhage,the small intestine responded entirely differently from the *** may suggest the potential usefulness of the monitoring of less vital organs,as proxy organs,in critical conditions such as massive *** present study also highlights the importance of mitochondrial function monitoring in similar conditions in the clinical environment.

关键词： Mitochondrial dysfunction multiparametric monitoring Laser Doppler Flowmetery fluorometric NADH monitoring

Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin do not prevent thioacetamide induced liver cirrhosis in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第2期19卷 241-248页

作者： Haim Shirin efrat Sharvit Hussein Aeed Dov Gavish Rafael Bruck Gastroenterology Institute Assaf Harofeh Medical CenterZerifin 70300Israel Sackler School of Medicine Tel-Aviv University Tel-Aviv 69975Israel Department of Gastroenterology TelAviv Sourasky Medical CenterTelAviv 64239Israel Department of Gastroenterology The E.Wolfson Medical CenterHolon 58100Israel Department of Internal Medicine "A" The E.Wolfson Medical CenterHolon 58100Israel

AIM:To examine whether the administration of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin would prevent experimentallyinduced hepatic cirrhosis in ***:Liver cirrhosis was induced by injections of thioacetamide(TAA).Rats were treated concurrently with TAA alone or TAA and either atorvastatin(1,10 and 20 mg/kg) or rosuvastatin(1,2.5,5,10 and 20 mg/kg) given daily by nasogastric ***:Liver fibrosis and hepatic hydroxyproline content,in the TAA-treated group was significantly higher than those of the controls [11.5 ± 3.2 vs 2.6 ± 0.6 mg/g protein(P = 0.02)].There were no differences in serum aminotransferase levels in the TAA controls compared to all the groups treated concomitantly by *** statins used in our study did not prevent liver fibrosis or reduce portal hypertension,and had no effect on hepatic oxidative ***,the hepatic level of malondialdehyde was not lower in those groups treated by TAA + statins compared to TAA *** vitro studies,using the BrdU method have shown that atorvastatin had no effect of hepatic stellate cells ***,statin treatment was not associated with worsening of liver damage,portal hypertension or survival ***:Atorvastatin or rosuvastatin did not inhibit TAA-induced liver cirrhosis or oxidative stress in *** statins may have therapeutic applications in hepatic fibrosis due to other etiologies deserve further investigation.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Statins Thioacetamide

Do inflammatory bowel disease patient preferences from treatment outcomes differ by ethnicity and gender?A cross-sectional observational study

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第35期10卷 12899-12908页

作者： Timna Naftali Vered Richter Amir Mari Tawfik Khoury Haim Shirin efrat Broide Institute of Gastroenterology Meir Medical CenterKfar-saba 4428164Israel Department of Gastroenterology Shamir Medical CenterZerifin 70300Israel Department of Gastroenterology Nazareth HospitalNazareth 16100Israel Shamir(Assaf Harofeh)Medical Center Affiliated to Sackler School of MedicineThe Gonczarowski Family Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver DiseasesTel Aviv UniversityZerifin 70300Israel Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit Asaf Harofeh Medical CenterZrifin 70300Israel

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)patients’expectations of treatment outcomes may differ by *** To investigate treatment preferences of Jewish and Arabs *** This prospective survey ranked outcomes treatment preferences among Arab IBD patients,based on the 10 IBD-disk items compared to historical data of *** anonymous questionnaire in either Arabic or Hebrew was distributed among IBD *** were required to rank 10 statements describing different aspects of IBD according to their importance to the patients as treatment *** were compared to the answers of a historical group of Jewish *** IBD-disk items of 121 Arabs were compared to 240 Jewish *** Jewish patients included more females,[151(62.9%)vs 52(43.3%);P<0.001],higher education level(P=0.02),more urban residence[188(78.3%)vs 54(45.4%);P<0.001],less unemployment[52(21.7%)vs 41(33.9%);P=0.012],higher income level(P<0.001),and more in a partnership[162(67.8%)vs 55(45.4%);P<0.001].Expectations regarding disease symptoms:abdominal pain,energy,and regular defecation ranked highest for both *** gave significantly lower rankings(range 4.29-6.69)than Jewish patients(range 6.25-9.03)regarding all items,except for body *** to Arab women,Jewish women attached higher priority to abdominal pain,energy,education/work,sleep,and joint *** regression analysis revealed that higher patient preferences were associated with Jewish ethnicity(OR 4.77;95%CI 2.36-9.61,P<0.001)and disease *** more active the disease,the greater the odds ratio for higher ranking of the questionnaire items(1-2 attacks per year:OR 2.13;95%CI 1.02-4.45,P=0.043;and primarily active disease:OR 5.29;95%CI 2.30-12.18,P<0.001).Factors inversely associated with higher patient preference were male gender(OR 0.5;95%CI 0.271-0.935,P=0.030),UC(OR 0.444;95%CI 0.241-0.819,P=0.009),and above average income level(OR 0.267;95%CI:0.124-0.577,P=0.001).CONCL

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Patients’preferences Ethnicity IBD-disk Patients reported outcomes

Cost effectiveness of routine duodenal biopsies in iron deficiency anemia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第34期22卷 7813-7823页

作者： efrat Broide Shay Matalon Ofra Kriger-Sharabi Vered Richter Haim Shirin Moshe Leshno The Kamila Gonczarowski Institute of Gastroenterology Assaf Harofeh Medical Center Faculty of Business Administration Tel-Aviv University

AIM To investigate the cost effectiveness of routine small bowel biopsies(SBBs) in patients with iron deficiency anemia(IDA) independent of their celiac disease(CD) serology test *** We used a state transition Markov model. Two strategies were compared: routine SBBs during esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD) in all patients with IDA regardless their celiac serology status(strategy A) vs SBBs only in IDA patients with positive serology(strategy B). The main outcomes were quality adjusted life years(QALY),average cost and the incremental cost effectiveness ratio(ICER). One way sensitivity analysis was performed on all variables and two way sensitivity analysis on selected variables were done. In order to validate the results,a Monte Carlo simulation of 100 sample trials with 10,and an acceptability curve were *** Strategy A of routine SBBs yielded 19.888 QALYs with a cost of $218.10 compared to 19.887 QALYs and $234.17 in strategy B. In terms of cost-effectiveness,strategy A was the dominant strategy,as long as the cost of SBBs stayed less than $67. In addition,the ICER of strategy A was preferable,providing the cost of biopsy stays under $77. Monte Carlo simulation demonstrated that strategy A yielded the same QALY but with lower costs than strategy B. CONCLUSION Our model suggests that EGD with routine SBBs is a cost-effective approach with improved QALYs in patients with IDA when the prevalence of CD is 5% or greater. SBBs should be a routine screening tool for CD among patients with IDA,regardless of their celiac antibody status.

关键词： Celiac disease Iron deficiency anemia Cost-effectiveness Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Markov model