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Effects of crop residues for animal consumption and soil enhancement on the electricity generation potential of residues:A case study of sawla-Tuna-Kalba district,Ghana

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第4期17卷 276-287页

作者： Augustine Awaafo edward A.Awafo Meisam Mahdavi David Vera Gilbert Ayine Akolgo Emmanuel Amankwah Francisco Jurado Department of Electrical Engineering University of JaénLinares 23700JaénSpain Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani P.O.Box 214Ghana Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering University of Energy and Natural ResourcesSunyani P.O.Box 214Ghana

Many studies have estimated the potential of crop residues for energy generation globally and recognized its great potential,especially in rural areas where on-grid electricity is ***,crop residues have other equally important uses as animal feed and as mulch for soil enhancement,especially in rural farming ***,most of the known studies have neglected the estimation of the quantity of crop residues that will be required for feeding animals and also for the enhancement of soil through mulching in their energy potential estimation from crop *** these two important uses can lead to the over-exploitation of the residues for energy generation at the expense of conservation agriculture practices as well as depriving animals of quality feed which can lead to low crop yield and animal production,with the ability to cause hunger and *** study has assessed the potential of electricity generation from agricultural residues in the sawla-Tuna-Kalba district of Ghana using gasification technology,taking cognizance of the proportion of residues needed for animal consumption and soil *** results of the study indicate that out of the 207646.22 t of residues that can be generated from maize,yam,cassava,millet,sorghum,and groundnut,26830.36 t(representing 13%)will be required by sheep,goats,and cows for consumption,and 13936.17 t(representing 7%)will be required for mulching soils where the crops are ***,it was found that a total of 592.17 MW∙h of electricity can be generated from crop residues without animal consumption and soil enhancement needs,while 461.89 MW∙h could be generated from the residues,considering animal feed and soil *** study has indicated that it is not enough to consider soil enhancement and animal feeding in agricultural biomass power generation through recovery factors without the exact quantification of residues required for these purposes since this can lead to a vi

关键词： animal feed crop residue electricity generation soil enhancement

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For cervical cancer screening,which test is better,and forwhom?

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 77-78页

作者： edward J Mayeaux Jr Yun Zhao UsC school of Medicine Columbia Affiliate of Family and Preventive Medicine USC School of Medicine LibraryColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA Peking University People's Hospital BeijingChina

In their January 2024 article,Vahteristo et al reported the results of their prospective randomised trial comparing human papillomavirus(HPV)-basedcervical cancer screening versus cytologyyscreening gin southern *** study examined using high-risk HPV(hrHPV)-based cervical cancer screening in Finland,a country with awell-established,high-qualitycytology screening programme and a low incidence of cervical *** 236000 individuals were involved in this long-term follow-up of the Finnish randomised HPV screening *** authors calculated the cervical cancer incidence and mortality rate ratios using Poisson regression.

关键词： cervical cancer mortality

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Diversity and connectedness of brine shrimp viruses in global hypersaline ecosystems

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science China(Life sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 188-203页

作者： Xuan Dong Cixiu Li Yiting Wang Tao Hu Fan Zhang Fanzeng Meng Meirong Gao Xuekai Han Guohao Wang Jiahao Qin Hans Nauwynck edward CHolmes Patrick sorgeloos Liying sui Jie Huang Weifeng shi state Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and sustainable Goods Yellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesLaboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesLaoshan LaboratoryKey Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease ControlMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsQingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and BiosecurityQingdao 266071China shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to shandong First Medical University Jinan 250021China Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of shandong Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesTaian 271000China Dalian Ocean University Dalian 116023China Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center Tianjin University of Science&TechnologyTianjin 300457China Ghent University Ghent 9000Belgium sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases School of Medical SciencesThe University of SydneySydney 2006Australia Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific Bangkok 10900Thailand school of Public Health Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250117China

Brine shrimp(Artemia)has existed on Earth for 400 million years and has major ecological importance in hypersaline *** a crucial live food in aquaculture,brine shrimp cysts have become one of the most important aquatic products traded ***,our understanding of the biodiversity,prevalence and global connectedness of viruses in brine shrimp is still very limited.A total of 143 batches of brine shrimp(belonging to seven species)cysts were collected from six continents including 21 countries and more than 100 geographic locations worldwide during 1977–*** total,55 novel RNA viruses were identified,which could be assigned to 18 different viral families and related *** viruses were dsRNA viruses,16 were+ssRNA viruses,and 28 were−ssRNA *** analyses of the RNA-directed RNA polymerase(RdRp)showed that brine shrimp viruses were often grouped with viruses isolated from other invertebrates and ***,most brine shrimp viruses were related to those from different hosts that might feed on brine shrimp or share the same ecological niche.A notable case was the novel brine shrimp noda-like virus 3,which shared 79.25%(RdRp)and 63.88%(capsid proteins)amino acid identity with covert mortality nodavirus(CMNV)that may cause losses in *** addition,both virome composition and phylogenetic analyses revealed global connectedness in certain brine shrimp viruses,particularly among Asia and Northern *** highlights the incredible species diversity of viruses in these ancient species and provides essential data for the prevalence of RNA viruses in the global aquaculture *** broadly,these findings provide novel insights into the previously unrecognized RNA virosphere in hypersaline ecosystems worldwide and demonstrate that human activity might have driven the global connectedness of brine shrimp viruses.

关键词： brine shrimp Artemia virus diversity novel virus discovery global connectedness hypersaline ecosystem

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Determinants of Modern Contraceptive Uptake among the Youth in Akuse Township in the Lower Manya Krobo Municipality, Ghana

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 72-86页

作者： Raymond Mawusi Amenya stephen Manortey Millicent Ofori Boateng sandra Kushitor edward sutherland Ensign Global College Kpong Ghana

Background: Access to safe and effective contraception is crucial for sexual and reproductive health to be at its best. This allows improved pregnancy results and the avoidance of unintended births. Teenagers’ views on using contraceptives are influenced by the information available at their disposal. The study assessed the influential factors affecting the utilization of modern contraceptives among the youth in Akuse in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Methods: The data for the study were gathered from 378 consented youth aged 15 - 24 years using a quantitative cross-sectional study design and a well-structured questionnaire. Person’s Chi-square test was adopted to measure the association between the outcome variable and selected independent variables. Logistic regression models were utilized to measure the odds of the factors influencing modern contraceptive use among the respondents. Results: The results of the study suggested a high knowledge level of contraceptives;however, the prevalence of utilization was low. The level of education and age were factors found to influence the uptake of contraceptives. A bivariate analysis to examine the association between selected socio-demographic variables revealed that educational level (p = 0.044), religious affiliation (p = 0.002), and ethnicity (p = 0.016) were statistically associated with modern contraceptive use among the respondents. All other tested demographic variables including the age groups, gender, marital status, and residential status proved otherwise at the observed p-values greater than the 0.05 threshold. Respondents who indicated staying with partners were 6.79 times more likely to use contraceptives compared to their counterparts staying with a parent, after controlling for all other covariates. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, it was concluded that high contraceptive knowledge influences the choice of contraceptive preferred by the youth, and contraceptive use is also influenced by the a

关键词： Determinants Modern Contraceptive Youth Akuse Ghana

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史学史研究的传承、变化和路径:中外比较的视角

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社会科学战线 2024年第7期349卷 129-139,282页

作者： [美]王晴佳罗文大学历史系美国葛拉斯堡罗08028-2235

从中外比较的视野考察,最早的史学史论著见于传统中国,其研究重点之一是历史书写的体裁和路径。刘知幾的《史通》即一例。同时,对历史书籍的归类整理,也蔚为传统。16世纪法兰西史家让·博丹和朗瑟罗·拉·波佩利尼埃尔的著作呈现相似的... 详细信息

从中外比较的视野考察,最早的史学史论著见于传统中国,其研究重点之一是历史书写的体裁和路径。刘知幾的《史通》即一例。同时,对历史书籍的归类整理,也蔚为传统。16世纪法兰西史家让·博丹和朗瑟罗·拉·波佩利尼埃尔的著作呈现相似的兴趣,并成为欧洲史学史研究的先驱作品。自20世纪初开始,史学史的研究在欧美卓然成家,成为思想史的一个重要分支。但之后产生了明显的变化,巴特费尔德《历史的辉格解释》所引入的批判视角和伊格尔斯《欧洲史学新方向》所倡导的“内外结合”的路径,为其主要标志。总之,史学史研究路径的不断更新、变化,不仅显示这一学科的蓬勃生机,而且为其指向了一个多元发展的未来。

关键词：史学史中外比较刘知幾波佩利尼埃尔富艾特古奇巴特费尔德伊格尔斯

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顾颉刚的边疆史地研究:个人情爱与民族情感的交汇

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社会科学研究 2024年第2期 173-185页

作者：王晴佳美国罗文大学历史系新泽西州葛拉斯堡罗08028-2235

九一八事变之后,顾颉刚的学术生涯出现了一个新的面向,从之前专注上古历史的考证、辨伪转而从事研究中国的历史疆域和边疆民族。1934年《禹贡半月刊》的出版和禹贡学会的成立,便是一个标志。顾颉刚本人指出此乃中日关系恶化、民族危机... 详细信息

九一八事变之后,顾颉刚的学术生涯出现了一个新的面向,从之前专注上古历史的考证、辨伪转而从事研究中国的历史疆域和边疆民族。1934年《禹贡半月刊》的出版和禹贡学会的成立,便是一个标志。顾颉刚本人指出此乃中日关系恶化、民族危机深重所致,但从他当时留下的日记和书信,又可以看出他之从事边疆史地的研究,与他长期爱慕谭慕愚(又名谭惕吾)有着密切的关系。谭慕愚的爱国热忱和行动是促使顾颉刚学术兴趣转向的重要契机,而且顾颉刚与谭慕愚的来往还间接地影响了顾颉刚的古史研究。探讨顾颉刚、谭慕愚及殷履安(顾颉刚妻子)之间的三角关系不仅呈现了顾颉刚学术生涯中民族情感和个人情爱的交互作用,而且有助于展现五四学人婚恋和情感生活的复杂和多面,为从情感史的角度考察中国近代学术变迁提供了一个实例。

关键词：顾颉刚谭慕愚(谭惕吾) 殷履安《禹贡》和禹贡学会边疆史地情感史

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Channel Flows in Plate Heat Exchangers with the Aid of Particle Tracking Velocimetry

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2024年第3期14卷 163-183页

作者： Felipe José dos santos Leonel edward Beckedorff Kleber Vieira de Paiva Jorge Luiz Goes Oliveira PETROBRAsPetrleo Brasileiro s.A. Rio de Janeiro Brazil Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer Technische Universitt Wien Vienna Austria Department of Mobility Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Joinville Brazil

Channel flows of Plate Heat Exchangers (PHEs) were assessed by experiments with three different chevron angle arrangements in turbulent regime. Two chevron angles were selected to assess low and high pressure drop channels, besides a third mixed configuration as to achieve in-between results regarding hydraulic performance. Friction factor correlations were provided with the channel Reynolds number ranging from 1175 to 8325. Two-dimensional (2D) mean velocity field was obtained by Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) with Reynolds number equal to 3450. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental study that quantified the complete 2D velocity field of a typical PHE channel. This value allowed comparison with literature results of Plate and shell Heat Exchanger (PsHE) channels with the same Reynolds number. PsHE mean velocity field is highly heterogeneous as compared to the one obtained for PHE channels. Peak velocity magnitude in the PsHE center is 50% higher than its bulk velocity, whereas this value is only 15% higher in the PHE center. Pressure drop in PHE mixed channels cannot be approximated by averaging chevron angles: furrow flow prevailed in the specified conditions. The axial velocity is asymmetric regarding the vertical plane. smooth streamlines prevail in the channel inlet. Recirculation zones at the channel exit affect pipe flow in the manifold outlet with swirling flow structures. The necessary length to obtain fully developed pipe flow at the channel outlet was estimated. significant velocity components occur in the distribution areas and can limit the heat exchanger performance. The results reported herein are essential to understand how the PHE channel geometry affects the velocity field and, therefore, local heat transfer and dissipation processes.

关键词： PHE PTV PsHE Friction Factor Chevron

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Prevalence of Taurodontism in a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana

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Open Journal of stomatology 2024年第5期14卷 206-217页

作者： Philip Boadi Frimpong Adelaide Appau edward Ohene-Marfo Yaw Aboagye Adu-Darko Nii Otu Nartey Department of Basic and Diagnostic Oral Health Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Oral Pathology University of Ghana Dental School Accra Ghana Department of Community Dentistry University of Ghana Dental School Accra Ghana

Background: Taurodontism is one of the most significant deviations from the normal tooth morphology affecting the molars in both primary and permanent dentition. Taurodontism refers to the Enlargement of the pulp chamber, resulting in its bifurcation pushed toward the apex of a tooth’s root. This study evaluated the prevalence of Taurodontism from radiographs taken at the University of Ghana Dental school Oral Radiology Unit from January 2017 to December 2022. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, panoramic and periapical radiographs of 1000 randomly selected patients who visited the Oral Radiology Unit from January 2017 to December 2022. Radiographs were evaluated for apically displaced pulp chamber. Data was statistically evaluated, and the chi-square test was employed to assess the prevalence of taurodontism in the upper and lower jaws (p Results: Taurodontism was found in 171 radiographs giving it a prevalence of 17.1% of which 57% (98 radiographs) were from females and 43% (73 radiographs) were from males. This finding was not significant (p > 0.05). Taurodontism occurred more in the maxilla (289 teeth, 80.7%) compared to the mandible molars (186 teeth, 64.3%) giving it a ratio of 1.6:1. This finding was highly significant (p Conclusion: Taurodontism is relatively common in the Ghanaian population affecting more females compared to males according to this study. Further studies using a large sample need to be carried out to determine its incidence in the general community.

关键词： Taurodontism Prevalence Maxilla Mandible Molar Teeth

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Cellulosomal hemicellulases:Indispensable players for ensuring effective lignocellulose bioconversion

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Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 57-69页

作者： Min Xiao Ya-Jun Liu edward A.Bayer Akihiko Kosugi Qiu Cui Yingang Feng CAs Key Laboratory of Biofuels Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of synthetic Biology Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China shandong Engineering Laboratory of single Cell Oil Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China shandong Energy Institute Qingdao 266101China Qingdao New Energy shandong Laboratory Qingdao 266101China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Biomolecular sciences The Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Department of Life sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 8499000Israel Biological Resources and Post-harvest Division Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences(JIRCAS)1-1 OhwashiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8686Japan

The bioconversion of lignocellulose has attracted global attention,due to the significant potential of agricultural and forestry wastes as renewable zero-carbon resources and the urgent need for substituting fossil *** cellulosome system is a multi-enzyme complex produced by anaerobic bacteria,which comprises cellulases,hemicellulases,and associated enzymatic and non-enzymatic components that promote biomass *** enhance their efficiency in degrading recalcitrant lignocellulosic matrices,cellulosomes have been employed to construct biocatalysts for lignocellulose bioconversion,such as consolidated bioprocessing and consolidated ***,the second most abundant polysaccharides in plant cell walls,hold valuable application potential but can also induce inhibitory effects on cellulose hydrolysis,thus highlighting the indispensable roles of hemicellulases within the cellulosome *** review evaluated current research on cellulosomal hemicellulases,comparing their types,abundance,and regulation,primarily focusing on eight known cellulosome-producing species of different *** also reviewed their growth conditions,their hemicellulose-degrading capabilities,and the inhibitory effects of hemicellulose on cellulosome-based lignocellulose ***,we proposed strategies for targeted enhancement of hemicellulase in cellulosomes to improve lignocellulose bioconversion in future studies.

关键词： Cellulosome Lignocellulose Hemicellulase saccharification Biocatalyst

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Multiomics approaches to uncover endometrial receptivity in embryo implantation: a mini-review

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生殖与发育医学(英文) 2024年第03期

作者： Fernando sudini R. Yan Yang Kumar Manish Lai Hoi-Lam Lee Yin-Lau Ng Ernest H.Y. yeung William s.B. Lee Kai-Fai Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR China Department of Animal science Faculty of Animal Science and Export Agriculture Uva Wellassa University Badulla Sri Lanka shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Futian District Shenzhen China

successful implantation requires concerted interactions during the apposition, adhesion, and invasion of the embryo into a receptive endometrium. However, the embryo implantation rate for assisted reproduction remains low despite the transfer of good quality embryos. Changes in endometrial transcriptomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and even microbiota all play important roles in embryo implantation. specifically, the expression of steroid hormone-regulated adhesive and anti-adhesive molecules during the embryo implantation window is becoming an area of increasingly intense research. This review (a) summarizes the different molecules expressed in the receptive endometrium and (b) proposes the use of surface protein markers to predict pregnancy outcomes from assisted reproduction.

关键词： Cell surface proteins steroid regulation Endometrial receptivity Receptivity marker Infertility

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