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Satellite remote sensing of grasslands:from observation to management

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Journal of Plant ecology 2016年第6期9卷 649-671页

作者： Iftikhar Ali Fiona Cawkwell edward Dwyer Brian Barrett Stuart Green Department of Geography University College CorkCorkIreland Spatial Analysis Unit TeagascDublinIreland eurOcean-european Centre for Information on Marine Science and Technology LisbonPortugal School of Geographical and earth Sciences University of GlasgowGlasgowUK

Aims Grasslands are the world’s most extensive terrestrial ecosystem,and are a major feed source for *** increasing demand for meat and other dairy products in a sustainable manner is a big *** a field scale,Global Positioning System and ground-based sensor technologies provide promising tools for grassland and herd management with high *** the growth in availability of spaceborne remote sensing data,it is therefore important to revisit the relevant methods and applications that can exploit this *** this article,we have reviewed the(i)current status of grassland monitoring/observation methods and applications based on satellite remote sensing data,(ii)the technological and methodological developments to retrieve different grassland biophysical parameters and management characteristics(***,grazing intensity)and(iii)identified the key remaining challenges and some new upcoming trends for future *** Findings The retrieval of grassland biophysical parameters have evolved in recent years from classical regression analysis to more complex,efficient and robust modeling approaches,driven by satellite data,and are likely to continue to be the most robust method for deriving grassland information,however these require more high quality calibration and validation *** found that the hypertemporal satellite data are widely used for time series generation,and particularly to overcome cloud contamination issues,but the current low spatial resolution of these instruments precludes their use for field-scale application in many *** trend may change with the current rise in launch of satellite constellations,such as Rapideye,Sentinel-2 and even the microsatellites such as those operated by Skybox *** imagery has not been widely used for grassland applications,and a better understanding of the backscatter behaviour from different phenological stages is needed for more reliable products i

关键词： remote sensing agricultural grassland grassland biomass pasture management grazing intensity

Interfacial structure design of MXene-based nanomaterials for electrochemical energy storage and conversion

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InfoMat 2020年第6期2卷 1057-1076页

作者： Jianmin Luo edward Matios Huan Wang Xinyong Tao Weiyang Li Thayer School of engineering Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNew Hampshire College of Materials Science and engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhouZhejiangChina

2D transition metal carbides,carbonitrides,and nitrides known as MXenes possess high electrical conductivity,large redox active surface area,rich surface chemistry,and tunable *** from these exceptional chemical and physical properties,the applications of MXenes for electrochemical energy storage and conversion have attracted increasing research interests around the ***,the electrochemical performances of MXenes are directly dependent on their synthesis conditions,interfacial chemistries and structural *** this review,we summarize the synthesis techniques of MXenes,as well as the recent advances in the interfacial structure design of MXene-based nanomaterials for electrochemical energy storage and conversion ***,we provide an in-depth discussion on the relationship between interfacial structure and electrochemical performance from the perspectives of energy storage and electrocatalysis ***,the challenges and insights for the future research of interfacial structure design of MXenes are outlined.

关键词： electrocatalysis electrochemical energy storage interlayer space MXene structure design

Almond Consumption Is Associated with Better Nutrient Intake, Nutrient Adequacy, and Diet Quality in Adults: National Health and Nutrition examination Survey 2001-2010

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第7期7卷 504-515页

作者： Carol e. O’Neil Theresa A. Nicklas Victor L. Fulgoni iii Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge LA USA USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Nutrition Impact LLC Battle Creek MI USA

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between almond consumption, the most widely consumed tree nut in the US, and nutrient intake, nutrient adequacy, diet quality, and weight/adiposity in adults. Methods: Data from adults (N=24,808), 19+ years, participating in the NHANeS 2001-2010 were used. The NCI method was used to estimate the usual intake of almonds and selected nutrients. Almond consumers were defined as those consuming any amount of almonds/almond butter. Percentages of the consumers/non-consumers below the estimated Average Requirement (eAR) or above the Adequate Intake (AI) for select nutrients were determined. To assess significant differences for the percentage of almond consumers vs. non-consumers with intakes less than the eAR or above the AI, a Z-statistic for differences in population proportions was used. Covariate-controlled linear regression was used to determine differences in diet quality, measured by the Healthy eating Index-2010 (HeI-2010), between the consumer groups. Body mass indices and waist circumference were assessed. P was set at p esults: Almond consumers were more likely to be non-Hispanic white, older, of higher income, more physically active, and were less likely to be a current smoker than non-consumers. Usual intake of almonds among consumers was 29.5 ± 1.5 g/day. Usual intake of protein;dietary fiber;vitamins A, D, e, and C;thiamin;niacin;riboflavin;folate, calcium, copper, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, selenium, zinc, and potassium was higher in almond consumers. Almond consumers were less likely to be below the eAR for protein, vitamins A, D, e, B12, and C;riboflavin;calcium;copper;magnesium;iron;phosphorus;and zinc. They were also more likely to be above the AI for dietary fiber and potassium. Total HeI-2010 scores were approximately 15 points higher in almond consumers. Body mass indices and waist circumference measures were lower in almond consumers. Conclusions: Moderate consumption of

关键词： Almond Consumption Tree Nut Consumption Diet Quality Nutrients Nutrient Adequacy Adults NHANeS

Debris flow impact on flexible barrier: effects of debrisbarrier stiffness and flow aspect ratio

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第7期16卷 1629-1645页

作者： SONG Dong-ri ZHOU Gordon G.D CHOI Clarence edward ZHeNG Yun Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and earth Surface Process/Institute of Mountain Hazards and environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Civil and environmental engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SARChina The HKUST Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study Hong Kong SARChina

Conventionally,flexible barriers are rated based on their ability to resist a free-falling boulder with a particular input ***,there is still no well-accepted approach for evaluating performance of flexible barrier under debris flow *** this study,a large-nonlinear finite-element model was used to back-analyze centrifuge tests to discern the effects of impact material type,barrier stiffness,and flow aspect ratio(flow height to flow length)on the reaction force between the impacting medium and flexible *** show that,in contrast to flexible barriers for resisting rockfall,the normal impact force induced by the highly frictional and viscous debris is insensitive to barrier *** is because the elongated distributions of kinetic energy are mainly dissipated by the internal and boundary shearing,and only a small portion is forwarded to the ***,a new stiffness number is proposed to characterize the equivalent stiffness between a debris flow or a boulder,and a flexible *** the circumstance of an extremely elongated debris flow event,i.e.,low aspect ratio,the load on a barrier is dominated by the static component and thus not sensitive to the barrier stiffness.

关键词： Debris flow Flexible barrier Impact Stiffness Flow aspect ratio

The molecular basis of hypertrophic scars

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Burns & Trauma 2016年第1期4卷 1-12页

作者： Zhensen Zhu Jie Ding edward e.Tredget Wound Healing Research Group Division of Plastic and ReconstructiveSurgeryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada Department of Burn and Reconstructive Surgery 2nd AffiliatedHospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdongChina. Wound Healing Research Group Division of Plastic and ReconstructiveSurgeryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada Wound Healing Research Group Division of Plastic and ReconstructiveSurgeryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada Division of PlasticSurgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada.

Hypertrophic scars(HTS)are caused by dermal injuries such as trauma and burns to the deep dermis,which are red,raised,itchy and *** can cause cosmetic disfigurement or contractures if craniofacial areas or mobile region of the skin are *** wound healing with more extracellular matrix deposition than degradation will result in HTS *** review will introduce the physiology of wound healing,dermal HTS formation,treatment and difference with keloids in the skin,and it also review the current advance of molecular basis of HTS including the involvement of cytokines,growth factors,and macrophages via chemokine pathway,to bring insights for future prevention and treatment of HTS.

关键词： Hypertrophic scars Animal model Cytokines Growth factors Macrophages Stromal cell-derived factor 1/CXCR4 signaling

Thermonuclear Reaction as the Main Source of the earth’s energy

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2013年第3期3卷 362-365页

作者： edward I. Terez Ivan e. Terez Crimean Astrophysical Observatory Research Institute Nauchnyi Ukraine Vigorosis LLC Houston USA

The article shows that neither radioactive decay of long-lived radioactive isotopes nor the earth’s “primordial” heat supply can explain a huge energy formed in the earth’s core. A hypothesis is introduced that the main source of earth’s energy is the thermonuclear reactions in the solid inner earth’s core which consist of hydrides of irons and other metals.

关键词： energy of the earth’s Core Radioactive Decay Thermonuclear energy

A Comparative Study of Distribution of Heavy Metal Concentrations in the Pomacea insularum Collected from Polluted and Unpolluted Sites of the Freshwater ecosystem in Malaysia

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湿地科学 2009年第1期7卷 75-82页

作者： Chee Kong Yap Franklin Berandah edward Bin Huan Pang Department of Biology Faculty of Science University Putra Malaysia UPM 43400 Serdang Selangor Malaysia

The snails(Pomacea insularum) were collected from polluted and unpolluted sites at Juru River and the Universiti Putra Malaysia Lake,*** the shells,the soft tissues of snails were dissected into 6 different parts: intestine,operculum,foot,pennial sac,lung sac and the *** were analyzed for the concentrations of Cu,Cd,Zn,Pb,Ni and *** present study found 6 interesting ***,all the metal levels found in the different parts of *** collected from Juru River were significantly(per than those in the snails of unpolluted *** results were also supported by the sediment data in which the Juru River sediment had significantly(per levels of metal than those in the unpolluted ***,the high levels of Cd and Pb were found in the shell of ***,indicating that it is a potential biomonitoring material for these ***,intestine accumulated elevated levels of Zn,Ni and Fe and thus is a potential biomonitoring organ for the 3 ***,high levels of Cu were found in the lung sac and this phenomenon could be related to this metal binding to metallothionein in this ***,elevated level of Pb found in the soft tissues of *** indicated that this snail is not suitable for human consumption since its pollution level was higher than the food safety guideline for ***,there was no significant difference(p>0.05) between the different sizes(small sizes: 30.5-33.2 mm;large sizes: 37.7-40.4 mm) of *** first 5 points supported the use of different soft tissues of *** as biomonitoring organs of heavy metal pollution in the freshwater ecosystem in Malaysia although further validation is required.

关键词：钉螺生物监测环境污染环境保护

An Automated Model for Fitting a Hemi-ellipsoid and Calculating eigenvalues Using Matrices

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Applied Mathematics 2014年第2期5卷 234-240页

作者： Alicia R. Billington Peter J. Fabri William e. Lee iii College of engineering University of South Florida Tampa USA College of engineering University of South Florida Tampa USA USF Health Morsani College of Medicine University of South Florida Tampa USA

ellipsoid modeling is essential in a variety of fields, ranging from astronomy to medicine. Many response surfaces can be approximated by a hemi-ellipsoid, allowing estimation of shape, magnitude, and orientation via orthogonal vectors. If the shape of the ellipsoid under investigation changes over time, serial estimates of the orthogonal vectors allow time-sequence mapping of these complex response surfaces. We have developed a quantitative, analytic method that evaluates the dynamic changes of a hemi-ellipsoid over time that takes data points from a surface and transforms the data using a kernel function to matrix form. A least square analysis minimizes the difference between actual and calculated values and constructs the corresponding eigenvectors. With this method, it is possible to quantify the shape of a dynamic hemi-ellipsoid over time. Potential applications include modeling pressure surfaces in a variety of applications including medical.

关键词： Modeling Response Surfaces ellipsoid

Techniques in Utilizing Remote Sensor Technology for Precision Crop Production by Farmers as Climate Change Adaptation Strategy in Nigeria

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第14期5卷 1476-1482页

作者： Florence O. Ifeanyieze Michael e. Ikehi edward Isiwu Agricultural Unit Department of Vocational Teacher Education University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

This paper focuses on techniques in utilizing remote sensor technology for precision crop production by farmers as climate change adaptation strategy in Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study and was carried out between August 2013 and May 2014. The findings of the study revealed that 32 items were needed by farmers in utilizing sensory technology for precision crop production. The study recommended that the 32 items identified by the study should be utilized by extension agent in teaching the farmers the use of sensor technology for precision crop production while the farmers should make themselves available for the training.

关键词： Remote Sensor Technology Climate Change Adaptation Precision Farming Crop Production