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State of the Art Priciples in Shoulder rehabilitation

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中国康复医学杂志 2003年第7期 9-13页

作者： edward r.laskowski,M.D. Mayo Clinic Sports Medicine Center Associate Professor Mayo Medical School Co-Director

State of the Art Priciples in Shoulder rehabilitation

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中国康复医学杂志 2003年第7期18卷 393-397页

作者： edward r.laskowski M.D. Mayo Clinic Sports Medicine Center Associate ProfessorMayo Medical SchoolCo-Director

The primary goal of shoulder rehabilitation is to restore optimal pain-free shoulder function. In general terms, shoulder rehabilitation involves control of pain and inflammation,early non-traumatic motion, muscle reactivation, strengthening of shoulder group muscles, and restoration of normal shoulder function within the kinetic-kinematic chain. Finally, sports and activity-specific rehabilitative exercise are essential to maximize function and return the patient to their prior sport or activity without deficit. This discussion will review recent research findings that have expanded our knowledge and understanding of shoulder function and which will serve as guidelines for a state-of-the-art shoulder rehabilitation program.

关键词：疼痛控制肩部康复肩功能功能锻炼

Dirichlet Process Gaussian Mixture Models:Choice of the Base Distribution

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2010年第4期25卷 653-664页

作者： Dilan Grür Carl edward rasmussen Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit University College London Department of Engineering University of Cambridge Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics.D-72076 Tubingen

In the Bayesian mixture modeling framework it is possible to infer the necessary number of components to model the data and therefore it is unnecessary to explicitly restrict the number of components. Nonparametric mixture models sidestep the problem of finding the ＂correct＂ number of mixture components by assuming infinitely many components. In this paper Dirichlet process mixture （DPM） models are cast as infinite mixture models and inference using Markov chain Monte Carlo is described. The specification of the priors on the model parameters is often guided by mathematical and practical convenience. The primary goal of this paper is to compare the choice of conjugate and non-conjugate base distributions on a particular class of DPM models which is widely used in applications, the Dirichlet process Gaussian mixture model （DPGMM）. We compare computational efficiency and modeling performance of DPGMM defined using a conjugate and a conditionally conjugate base distribution. We show that better density models can result from using a wider class of priors with no or only a modest increase in computational effort.

关键词： Bayesian nonparametrics Dirichlet processes Gaussian mixtures

rapid climate change-induced collapse of hunter-gatherer societies in the lower Mississippi river valley between ca. 3300 and 2780 cal yr BP

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第2期61卷 178-189页

作者： tristram r.kidder edward r.henry lee j.arco Department of Anthropology Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis 63130 USA Geoarehaeology Laboratory Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis 63130 USA GAI Consultants Inc. Homestead PA 15120 USA Teaching and Experimental Center for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Protection Henan University Kaifeng 475001 China

Hunter-gatherer communities in the American Southeast reached an apogee of social and political complexity in the period between ca. 4200 and 3000 cal yr BP. In the lower Mississippi Valley(LMV) the Poverty Point culture defined this period of socio-political elaboration. However, following a significant period of climate change that led to exceptional flooding and a major reorganization of the course of the Mississippi river, this culture collapsed beginning ca. 3300–3200 cal yr BP and the LMV was abandoned for the subsequent 500 years. In this study, we use data from the Jaketown site in the Yazoo Basin of west-central Mississippi to refine the chronology of the climate event that caused the collapse of the Poverty Point culture. A large flood buried Poverty Point-era occupation deposits at Jaketown around 3310 cal yr BP. Lateral migration of the Mississippi river during flooding led to inundation of the Yazoo Basin and re-occupation of ancient river courses. A coarse sand stratum topped by a more than a meter-thick fining upward sediment package marks a crevasse deposit caused by a rupture of the natural levee at Jaketown. This levee breach was part of a larger pattern of erratic flooding throughout the LMV and is associated with major landscape evolution and the abandonment of Poverty Point sites within the valley. Early Woodland peoples re-colonized the crevasse surface after ca. 2780 cal yr BP. Following this event, the Jaketown site and the eastern Yazoo Basin witnessed a period of landscape stability that lasts to this day. These archaeological data demonstrate how climate change and natural disasters can lead to socio-political dissolution and reorganization even in relatively small-scale hunter-gatherer populations.

关键词： rapid climate change Hunter-gatherers Flooding Mississippi river Valley Poverty Point Jaketown site

Detection and analysis of indicator and pathogenic bacteria in conventional and organic fruits and vegetables sold in retail markets

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Food Quality and Safety 2022年第2期6卷 234-243页

作者： Jutanat Srisamran edward r.Atwill rungtip Chuanchuen Saharuetai Jeamsripong research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial resistance Department of Veterinary Public HealthFaculty of Veterinary ScienceBangkokThailand Western Center for Food Safety University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCAUSA

Produce-associated food-borne outbreaks have been increasingly implicated as the significant proportion of the annual incidence of food-borne ilness *** objectives of this study were to determine the concentrations of indicator bacteria and the presence of Salmonella *** spp..Escherichia coli(*** 0157:H7,and Listeria monocytogenes(***),and to characterize predictors associated with Salmonella contamination of retail produce from fresh markets and supermarkets in Bangkok,Thailand.A total of 503 samples were col-lected during May 2018 and February 2019,comprised of sweet basil,spring onion,coriander,cabbage,lettuce,cucumber,and tomato,with conventional items from fresh open-air markets(n=167),conventional items from supermarkets(n=168),and organic items from supermarkets(n=168).The overall prevalence in these 503 items for fecal coliforms and *** was 84.3%and 71.4%,with mean concentrations(±standard deviation)of fecal coliforms and *** being(3.0×10^(5)±1.3×10^(5))most probable number(MPN)/g and(1.8×10^(5)±1.1×10^(5))MPN/g,*** concentrations of fecal coliforms and *** were higher in produce sampled from fresh open-air markets than produce from supermarkets;simi-larly,these bacterial indicators were higher from produce grown under conventional methods than certified organic *** prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella was 4.8%and 0.4%,respectively,but no positives were found for *** 0157:H7 and *** predom-inant Salmonella serovar was Stanley(30.8%).Based on logistic regression,the odds of Salmonella contamination were significantly(Pr during the rainy versus dry season,produce grown using conventional versus organic agriculture,sweet basil versus other commodities,and using ice tank versus dry refrigeration for overnight retail *** study indicated that fruits and vegetables are important sources of microbial ***,monitoring and surveillance of pathogen cont

关键词： Escherichia coli 0157:H7 organic produce raw vegetables Salmonella Shigella

Bacterial pathogens and factors associated with Salmonella contamination in hybrid red tilapia(Oreochromis spp.)cultivated in a cage culture system

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Food Quality and Safety 2022年第3期6卷 404-415页

作者： Varangkana Thaotumpitak Jarukorn Sripradite edward r.Atwill Surapun Tepaamorndech Saharuetai Jeamsripong research Unit in Microbial Food Safety and Antimicrobial resistance Department of Veterinary Public HealthFaculty of Veterinary ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand Department of Social and Applied Science College of Industrial TechnologyKing Mongkut's University of Technology North BangkokBangkokThailand Department of Population Health and reproduction School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisDavisCAUSA Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation research Group National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC)Pathum ThaniThailand Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityKing Chulalongkorn Memorial HospitalBangkokThailanc

Microbial food safety in cultured tilapia remains a challenge to public health worldwide,due in part to intensive aquaculture leading to poor water quality and high organic matter *** study aimed to determine the prevalence of indicator and potential pathogenic bacteria in hybrid red tilapia(Oreochromis spp.)and their cultivation water and to identify environmental parameters and other bacterial contaminants associated with Salmonella contamination.A total of 120 fish were sampled,which were partitioned into fish carcasses(n=120),muscle(n=120),intestine(n=120),liverandkidney(n=120),and cultivationwater(n=120)from three commercial farms in westernThailand from October2019 to November *** prevalence of fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli(***)in these 600 samples was 74.8%and 56.7%,*** prevalence of Salmonella,Vibrio cholerae(***),Aeromonas hydrophila,and Vibrio vulnificus(***)was 23.0%,17.5%,2.5%,and 1.7%,*** of the samples tested positive for Streptococcus *** water exhibited a high prevalence for Salmonella(58.3%).Among fish samples,Salmonella had the highest prevalence at 14.1%,which was mainly from fish *** was a significant association of Salmonella with the presence of fecal coliforms,***,***,and *** predominant serovars of Salmonella included Saintpaul,Neukoelln,Escanaba,and *** ducks that were raised in proximity to these cultured tilapia shared the same isolates of Salmonella based on the similarity of their rep-PCr DNA fingerprints,suggesting that ducks may function as either a biological reservoir for tilapia or at minimum participate in the environmental replication of this strain of *** together,the results suggest that the environment used for tilapia aquaculture may be contaminated with pathogenic bacteria;therefore,food safety precautions are needed during processing,transportation,cooking,and consumption.

关键词： Aeromonas spp grazing duck Salmonella spp tilapia Vibrio spp

DEM analysis of the influence of stirrer design on die filling with forced powder feeding

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 107-115页

作者： Chao Zheng edward Yost Ariel r.Muliadi Nicolin Govender Ling Zhang Chuan-Yu Wu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of SurreyGuildfordGU2 7XHUnited Kingdom Small Molecule Pharmaceutics GenentechInc.One DNA WaySouth San FranciscoCA94080USA

Die filling is a critical stage during powder compaction,which can significantly affect the product quality and *** this paper,a forced feeder is introduced attempting to improve the filling performance of a lab-scale die filling *** die filling process is analysed with a graphics processing units(GPU)enhanced discrete element method(DEM).Various stirrer designs are assessed for a wide range of process settings(i.e.,stirrer speed,filling speed)to explore their influence on the die filling performance of free-flowing *** results show that die filing with the novel helical-ribbon(i.e.,type D)stirrer design exhibits the highest filling ratio,implying that it is the most robust stirrer design for the feeder configuration ***,die filling performance with the type D stirrer design is a function of the stirrer speed and the filling speed.A positive variation of filling ratio(ηf>0%)can be ensured over the whole range of filling speed by adjusting the stirrer speed(i.e.,increasing the stirrer speed).The approach used in this study can not only help understand how the stirrer design affects the die filling performance but also guide the optimization of feeder system and process settings.

关键词： Discrete element method Die filling Forced feeding Stirrer design GPU computing

Visualization of atomic scale reaction dynamics of supported nanocatalysts during oxidation and ammonia synthesis using in-situ environmental(scanning) transmission electron microscopy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第6期30卷 281-290,I0007页

作者： Michael r.Ward robert W.Mitchell edward D.Boyes Pratibha L.Gai The York Nanocentre University of YorkYork YO105DDUK Department of Physics University of YorkYork YO105DDUK Department of Electronic Engineering University of YorkYork YO105DDUK Department of Chemistry University of YorkYork YO105DDUK

reaction dynamics in gases at operating temperatures at the atomic level are the basis of heterogeneous gas-solid catalyst reactions and are crucial to the catalyst *** noble metal nanocatalysts such as platinum are of interest in fuel cells and as diesel oxidation catalysts for pollution control,and practical ruthenium nanocatalysts are explored for ammonia *** and graphitic carbons are of interest as supports for the *** considerable literature on the catalytic processes on graphite and graphitic supports,reaction dynamics of the nanocatalysts on the supports in different reactive gas environments and operating temperatures at the single atom level are not well *** we present real time in-situ observations and analyses of reaction dynamics of Pt in oxidation,and practical ru nanocatalysts in ammonia synthesis,on graphite and related supports under controlled reaction environments using a novel in-situ environmental(scanning) transmission electron microscope with single atom *** recording snapshots of the reaction dynamics,the behaviour of the catalysts is *** images reveal single metal atoms,clusters of a few atoms on the graphitic supports and the support *** all play key roles in the mobility,sintering and growth of the *** experimental findings provide new structural insights into atomic scale reaction dynamics,morphology and stability of the nanocatalysts.

关键词： In-situ visualization Atomic scale reaction dynamics In-situ environmental scanning transmission electron microscopy with single atom resolution Supported nanoparticles Ammonia synthesis Oxidation reactions

Assimilation of GOES-r Geostationary Lightning Mapper Flash Extent Density Data in GSI 3DVar, EnKF, and Hybrid En3DVar for the Analysis and Short-Term Forecast of a Supercell Storm Case

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 263-277页

作者： rong KONG Ming XUE edward r.MANSELL Chengsi LIU Alexandre O.FIErrO Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory NormanOklahoma 73072U.S A.4Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik Department of Forecasting Models-ZAMGVienna 1190Austria

Capabilities to assimilate Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite “r-series ”(GOES-r) Geostationary Lightning Mapper(GLM) flash extent density(FED) data within the operational Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation ensemble Kalman filter(GSI-EnKF) framework were previously developed and tested with a mesoscale convective system(MCS) case. In this study, such capabilities are further developed to assimilate GOES GLM FED data within the GSI ensemble-variational(EnVar) hybrid data assimilation(DA) framework. The results of assimilating the GLM FED data using 3DVar, and pure En3DVar(PEn3DVar, using 100% ensemble covariance and no static covariance) are compared with those of EnKF/DfEnKF for a supercell storm case. The focus of this study is to validate the correctness and evaluate the performance of the new implementation rather than comparing the performance of FED DA among different DA schemes. Only the results of 3DVar and pEn3DVar are examined and compared with EnKF/DfEnKF. Assimilation of a single FED observation shows that the magnitude and horizontal extent of the analysis increments from PEn3DVar are generally larger than from EnKF, which is mainly caused by using different localization strategies in EnFK/DfEnKF and PEn3DVar as well as the integration limits of the graupel mass in the observation operator. Overall, the forecast performance of PEn3DVar is comparable to EnKF/DfEnKF, suggesting correct implementation.

关键词： GOES-r lightning data assimilation EnKF EnVar