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Salinity and cultivar effects on alfalfa forage yield and nutritive value in a Mediterranean climate

Grassland Research 2023年第3期2卷 153-166页

作者： Aaron W.Anderson Umair Gull Sharon E.Benes Simarjeet Singh Robert B.Hutmacher edward charles brummer Daniel H.Putnam Department of Agricultural Foodand Environmental SciencesUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly Department of Agronomy Universityof AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan Department of Plant Science California State UniversityFresnoFresnoCaliforniaUSA Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCaliforniaUSA

Background:Soil and water salinity are increasing problems worldwide,causing significantly reduced crop ***(Medicago sativa L.)is often listed as salt-sensitive,but field testing of improved cultivars is *** systems and improved high-quality alfalfa varieties are needed to enable crop production under high salinity(HS)***:The objective of this study was to measure the yield and quality response of alfalfa to high saline conditions in the field and to document the relative saline tolerance of its *** irrigation water(electrical conductivity of water,or ECw 8.0–11.0 dS m−1)was applied to 33 nondormant alfalfa cultivars and were compared with low salinity(LS)treatments(ECw 0.5–1.2 dS m−1)over 4 years in a Mediterranean environment on a clay loam soil utilizing a split-plot *** were harvested seven to eight times per year,and the forage quality was measured on selected harvests utilizing near-infrared ***:The average yield loss due to HS treatment was 23.9%compared with LS treatment,but yields averaged 23.4 Mg ha−1 under HS over the 3 full years of *** level of production is considered to be economically viable in this *** in salinity tolerance between lines were identified in the field;individual cultivars lost 5%–35%of their LS yield when grown under HS *** quality was significantly improved under HS versus LS conditions,but improvements were negatively correlated with biomass yield(R2>0.81),similar to responses observed in drought-stressed ***:These yield results confirm greenhouse studies,indicating that alfalfa is highly salt tolerant once established in the field,with potential for further improvement with tolerant *** tolerance should be chosen based on total biomass yield as well as on the salinity tolerance index(HS yield relative to LS yield).Agronomic practices to mitigate salinity and sodicity are critical,along with

关键词： abiotic stress cultivar forage quality Medicago sativa nutritional value salinity tolerance soil health stress tolerance

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The association of diet quality and physical activity with cardiovascular disease and mortality in 85,545 older Australians:A longitudinal study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 841-850页

作者： Ding Ding Joe Van Buskirk Stephanie Partridge Philip Clare edward Giovannucci Adrian Bauman Nicole Freene Robyn Gallagher Binh Nguyen Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Healththe University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia charles Perkins Centre the University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia Sydney Local Health District CamperdownNSW 2050Australia School of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Healththe University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre UNSW SydneySydneyNSW 2052Australia Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115USA Faculty of Health University of CanberraCanberraACT 2617Australia Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery the University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2050Australia

Background:A quality diet and an active lifestyle are both important cornerstones of cardiovascular disease(CVD)***,despite their interlinked effects on metabolic health,the 2 behaviors are rarely considered jointly,particularly within the context of CVD *** examined the independent,interactive,and joint associations of diet and physical activity with CVD hospitalization,CVD mortality,and all-cause ***:CVD-free Australian participants aged 4574 years(n=85,545)reported physical activity,diet,sociodemographic,and lifestyle characteristics at baseline(20062009)and follow-up(20122015),and data were linked to hospitalization and death registries(03/31/2019 for CVD hospitalization and all-cause mortality and 12/08/2017 for CVD mortality).Diet quality was categorized as low,medium,and high based on meeting dietary *** activity was operationalized as(a)total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)as per guidelines,and(b)the composition of MVPA as the ratio of vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)to total *** used a left-truncated cause-specific Cox proportional hazards model using time-varying ***:During a median of 10.7 years of follow-up,6576 participants were admitted to the hospital for CVD and 6581 died from all causes(876 from CVD during 9.3 years).A high-quality diet was associated with a 17%lower risk of all-cause mortality than a low-quality diet,and the highest MVPA category(compared with the lowest)was associated with a 44%and 48%lower risk of CVD and all-cause mortality,*** interactions between diet and physical activity were *** all outcomes,the lowest risk combinations involved a high-quality diet and the highest MVPA *** for total MVPA,some VPA was associated with further risk reduction of CVD hospitalization and all-cause ***:For CVD prevention and longevity,one should adhere to both a healthy d

关键词： Diet Physical activity Cardiovascular disease Mortality Cohort studies

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Estimation of alfalfa fall dormancy using spaced plant and sward trials across multiple environments

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Grassland Research 2023年第1期2卷 15-21页

作者： Scott A.Newell Daniel J.Undersander Donald Viands Julie Hansen Steve Orloff Daniel H.Putnam E.charles brummer Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCaliforniaUSA Department of Agronomy University of WisconsinMadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA Plant Breeding&Genetics Section School of Integrated Plant SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA Univeristy of California Cooperative Extension YrekaCaliforniaUSA

Background:Alfalfa is a globally important forage *** are characterized by fall dormancy(FD).FD affects biomass yield and winter survival and is used to identify appropriate growing regions of *** has historically been assessed by measuring the natural height of regrowth in autumn of spaced plants in the *** commercial alfalfa is normally grown as a solid planted sward,FD could be different if plants were grown under real production *** objective of this experiment was to assess whether FD ratings obtained from swards were similar to those obtained on spaced ***:We evaluated 20 alfalfa cultivars in field trials established in 2015 at five locations in the United *** harvested the trials in early autumn and measured regrowth plant height approximately 3 weeks later in 2015 and ***:Autumn plant height responded as expected for the established check cultivars in all *** dormancy ratings for cultivars under both management systems were highly ***:Estimating FD from spaced plant height measurements in autumn is very robust,and using height data from sward plots gives equivalent results to that measured in spaced plant *** finding has many practical advantages.

关键词： alfalfa fall dormancy lucerne Medicago sativa plant height

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Multi-length scale modeling of carburization,martensitic microstructure evolution and fatigue properties of steel gears

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第14期47卷 157-165页

作者： edward charles Henry Crawford O’Brien Hemantha Kumar Yeddu School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUnited Kingdom

Multi-length scale modeling is performed to(i)predict the carburized case depth of SAE8620 steel gears by solving the Fick’s second law of diffusion,(ii)model the martensitic microstructure evolution in a grain inside the carburized case as well as to study the effect of stress cycling on retained austenite(RA)and martensite using a 3D phase-field model,(iii)simulate the effect of carburization and different RA contents on macroscale fatigue behavior of SAE8620 steel spur gear using the finite element *** diffusion model predicts that the case depth increases with increasing heat treatment time and *** phase-field simulations show that RA can transform to martensite during fatigue loading,where the extent of the transformation will depend on the type of stresses applied,*** in a high stress regime or low stress regime of fatigue *** transformation of martensite to austenite is also observed in low RA sample under high stress *** macroscale simulations show that the carburized case with high RA gives rise to better fatigue life compared to that with low RA.

关键词： Phase-field model Martensitic transformation Microstructure Gear steel Carburization

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Harnessing the synergy of perfusable muscle flap matrix and adipose-derived stem cells for prevascularization and macrophage polarization to reconstruct volumetric muscle loss

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第4期22卷 588-614页

作者： Qixu Zhang Yulun Chiu Youbai Chen Yewen Wu Lina W.Dunne Rene D.Largo edward I.Chang David M.Adelman Mark V.Schaverien charles E.Butler Department of Plastic Surgery The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX77030USA Department of Plastic Surgery Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China

Muscle flaps must have a strong vascular network to support a large tissue volume and ensure successful *** developed porcine stomach musculofascial flap matrix(PDSF)comprising extracellular matrix(ECM)and intact *** had a dominant vascular pedicle,microcirculatory vessels,a nerve network,well-retained 3-dimensional(3D)nanofibrous ECM structures,and no allo-or ***-depth proteomic analysis demonstrated that PDSF was composed of core matrisome proteins(e.g.,collagens,glycoproteins,proteoglycans,and ECM regulators)that,as shown by Gene Ontology term enrichment analysis,are functionally related to musculofascial biological ***,PDSF􀀀human adipose-derived stem cell(hASC)synergy not only induced monocytes towards IL-10􀀀producing M2 macrophage polarization through the enhancement of hASCs’paracrine effect but also promoted the proliferation and interconnection of both human skeletal muscle myoblasts(HSMMs)and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)in static triculture ***,PDSF was successfully prevascularized through a dynamic perfusion coculture of hASCs and HUVECs,which integrated with PDSF and induced the maturation of vascular networks in *** a xenotransplantation model,PDSF demonstrated myoconductive and immunomodulatory properties associated with the predominance of M2 macrophages and regulatory T *** a volumetric muscle loss(VML)model,prevascularized PDSF augmented neovascularization and constructive remodeling,which was characterized by the predominant infiltration of M2 macrophages and significant musculofascial tissue *** results indicate that hASCs’integration with PDSF enhances the cells’dual function in immunomodulation and *** in part to this PDSF-hASC synergy,our platform shows promise for vascularized muscle flap engineering for VML reconstruction.

关键词： Muscle flap fabrication Extracellular matrix Decellularization Vascularization Macrophage polarization Volumetric muscle loss

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The Geology of the Everglades and Adjacent Areas Har/DVD

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2007年

作者： Petuch, edward J. Roberts, charles

ISBN: (数字)9781420045598

ISBN: (纸本)9781420045581

Painting a complete picture of the history of the Everglades, The Geology of the Everglades and Adjacent Areas brings together theperspectives of various geoscientists to provides an overview of the geology, paleontology, and paleoceanography of the Everglades region. It emphasizes the upper 300 m of the geologic framework of the area and gi

关键词： Geology

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Location Based Navigation Service Technology: Development of an Optimization Algorithm for Multivariate Contextual Cartographic Content in Location Based Navigation Service

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2022年第1期10卷 57-90页

作者： charles Busera Wasomi edward Hunja Waithaka Moses Karoki Gachari David Ndegwa Kuria Geomatic Engineering and Geospatial Information Systems Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Geomatic Engineering and Geospatial Information Systems Dedan Kimathi University of Technology (DKUT) Nyeri Kenya

User response or reaction to navigation applications is influenced by relevance in geographic information, in terms of cartographic context and content delivered within a definite time, providing a direct impact to outcome or consequence based on decision making and hence user reaction. Location Based Navigation Services (LBNS) have continuously advanced in cartographic visualization, making maps interpretation easy and ubiquitous to any user, as compared to pre-historic times when maps were a preserve of a few. Despite rapid growth in LBNS, there exist challenges that may be characterized as technical and non-technical challenges, among them being process of conveying geospatial information to user. LBNS system deliver appropriate information to a user through smartphone (mobile device) for effective decision making and response within a given time span. This research focuses on optimization of cartographic content for contextual information in LBNS to users, based on prevailing circumstances of various components that constitute it. The research looks into Geographic Information Retrieval (GIR), as a technical challenge centered on a non-technical issue of social being of user satisfaction, leading to decision making in LBNS, hence response and outcome. Though advanced technologically, current LBNS on information sourcing depends on user manual web pages navigation and maneuver, this can be painstaking and time consuming that it may cause unnecessary delay in information delivery, resulting to delayed information response time (DIRT). This in turn may lead to unappropriate decision making with erroneous reaction or response being taken, resulting in loss of opportunity, resources, time and even life. Optimization in LBNS is achieved by a mathematical relationship developed between user status, mobile device variables against cartographic content. The relationship is in turn applied in LBNS android application to fulfill optimization solution for user consumption.

关键词： Location Based Services (LBS) Smartphone Mobile Device Mobile Phone Location Based Navigation Service (LBNS) Kenya Cartographic Content Cartographic Visualization Cartographic Contextual Content Cartographic Optimization Optimization Algorithm

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Evidence of bisphosphonate-conjugated sitafloxacin eradication of established methicillin-resistant *** infection with osseointegration in murine models of implant-associated osteomyelitis

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Bone Research 2023年第4期11卷 751-763页

作者： Youliang Ren Jason Weeks Thomas Xue Joshua Rainbolt Karen L.de Mesy Bentley Ye Shu Yuting Liu Elysia Masters Philip Cherian charles E.McKenna Jeffrey Neighbors Frank H.Ebetino edward M.Schwarz Shuting Sun Chao Xie Center for Musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNY 14642USA Department of Orthopaedics University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNY 14642USA Department of Pathology and Center for Advanced Research Technologies University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNY 14642USA BioVinc LLCPasadenaCA 91107USA Department of Chemistry University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of Pharmacology Pennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA Department of Chemistry University of RochesterRoche

Eradication of MRSA osteomyelitis requires elimination of distinct *** overcome this,we developed bisphosphonateconjugated sitafloxacin(BCS,BV600072)and hydroxybisphosphonate-conjugate sitafloxacin(HBCS,BV63072),which achieve“target-and-release”drug delivery proximal to the bone infection and have prophylactic efficacy against MRSA static biofilm in vitro and in *** we evaluated their therapeutic efficacy in a murine 1-stage exchange femoral plate model with bioluminescent MRSA(USA300LAC::lux).Osteomyelitis was confirmed by CFU on the explants and longitudinal bioluminescent imaging(BLI)after debridement and implant exchange surgery on day 7,and mice were randomized into seven groups:1)Baseline(harvested at day7,no treatment);2)HPBP(bisphosphonate control for BCS)+vancomycin;3)HPHBP(hydroxybisphosphonate control for HBCS)+vancomycin;4)vancomycin;5)sitafloxacin;6)BCS+vancomycin;and 7)HBCS+*** confirmed infection persisted in all groups except for mice treated with BCS or HBCS+*** revealed catastrophic femur fractures in all groups except mice treated with BCS or HBCS+vancomycin,which also displayed decreases in peri-implant bone loss,osteoclast numbers,and *** confirm this,we assessed the efficacy of vancomycin,sitafloxacin,and HBCS monotherapy in a transtibial implant *** results showed complete lack of vancomycin efficacy while all mice treated with HBCS had evidence of infection control,and some had evidence of osseous integrated septic implants,suggestive of biofilm *** together these studies demonstrate that HBCS adjuvant with standard of care debridement and vancomycin therapy has the potential to eradicate MRSA osteomyelitis.

关键词： implant infection overcome

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What do we know about housing supply?The case of Hong Kong SAR

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Economic and Political Studies 2020年第1期8卷 6-20页

作者： charles Ka Yui Leung Joe Cho Yiu Ng edward Chi Ho Tang Department of Economics and Finance City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Economics and Finance Hong Kong Shue Yan UniversityHong Kong SARChina

The house price in the Hong Kong SAR of China is well-known to be‘unaffordable’.This paper relates the macroeconomy with the housing market of Hong Kong and argues that the housing supply plays a vital role in explaining the *** paper also shows that there are some practical challenges in understanding the housing supply of Hong Kong,including the potentially complicated ownership structure of real estate *** the discussion centres on the situation of Hong Kong,its lesson may also apply to housing markets in other small open economies.

关键词： New housing supply oligopolistic market structure ownership structure real estate development real estate developers

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Recurrent ectopic pancreatitis of the jejunum and mesentery over a 30-year period

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第2期10卷 218-220页

作者： John CT Wong Charlotte Robinson edward C Jones Alison Harris charles Zwirewich Robert Wakefield Richard K Simons Eric M Yoshida Department of Medicine Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9 Department of Radiology Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9 Department of Surgery Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9 Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine 2775 Laurel StreetUniversity of British Columbia VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanadaV5Z 1M9

BACKGROUND:Ectopic pancreas is defined as pancreatic tissue found outside its usual anatomical position,with no ductal or vascular communication with the native pancreas. We describe a case of ectopic pancreas of the small bowel and mesentery causing recurrent episodes of pancreatitis, initially suspected on computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP),and confirmed on histological review of the resection. METHODS:A 67-year-old woman presented with clinical symptoms and biochemical evidence of *** had similar episodes over the past 30 years with unrevealing investigations,and was concluded to have idiopathic pancreatitis. She underwent CT and MRCP,with findings suggestive of ectopic pancreas,a diagnosis confirmed on histology of the resection. RESULTS:MRCP identified a mass in the proximal small bowel mesentery isointense to the native pancreas,with a small duct draining into a proximal jejunal *** resected specimen consisted of normal parenchyma with lobulated acinar tissue with scattered islets of Langerhans,an occasional ductular structure,and admixed areas of adipose *** patient remained asymptomatic with normal biochemistry six months post-operatively. CONCLUSION:In an individual with abdominal pain,elevated serum amylase/lipase,but imaging findings of a normal native pancreas,ectopic pancreatitis should be considered,and can be evaluated by CT and MRCP.

关键词： ectopic pancreas gastrointestinal tract endoscopic ultrasound computed tomography magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography

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