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Biodegradability of bioplastics in different aquatic environments:A systematic review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 169-181页

作者： Maria Cristina Lavagnolo Valentina poli Anna Maria Zampini Valentina Grossule Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering-Laboratory of Environmental EngineeringUniversity of PadovaLungargine Rovetta 8Padova 35100Italy

Bioplastics were first introduced as environmentally friendly materials,with properties similar to those of conventional plastics.A bioplastic is defined as biodegradable if it can be decomposed into carbon dioxide under aerobic degradation,or methane and CO_(2)under anaerobic conditions,inorganic compounds,and new cellular biomass,by the action of naturally occurring *** definition however does not provide any information on the environmental conditions,timescale and extent at which decomposition processes should *** regard to the aquatic environment,recognized standards have been established to assess the ability of plastics to undergo biodegradation;however,these standards fail to provide clear targets to be met to allow labelling of a bioplastic as ***,these standards grant the user an extensive leeway in the choice of process *** these reasons,the comparison of results deriving from different studies is *** authors analysed and discussed the degree of biodegradability of a series of biodegradable bioplastics in aquatic environments(both fresh and salt water)using the results obtained in the laboratory and from on-site testing in the context of different research *** Oxygen Demand(BOD),CO_(2)evolution,surface erosion and weight loss were the main parameters used by researchers to describe the percentage of *** results showed a large variability both in weight loss and BOD,even when evaluating the same type of *** confirms the need for a reference range of values to be established with regard to parameters applied in defining the biodegradability of bioplastics.

关键词： Biodegradation Bioplastic Plastic Natural environment Plastic waste

Observation of supersymmetric pseudo-Landau levels in strained microwave graphene

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 611-617页

作者： Matthieu Bellec Charles poli Ulrich Kuhl Fabrice Mortessagne Henning Schomerus Institut de Physique de Nice(INPHYNI) Universite Cote d’AzurCNRS06108 NiceFrance Department of Physics Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA14YBUK

Using an array of coupled microwave resonators arranged in a deformed honeycomb lattice,we experimentally observe the formation of pseudo-Landau levels in the whole crossover from vanishing to large pseudomagnetic field *** result is achieved by utilising an adaptable setup in a geometry that is compatible with the pseudo-Landau levels at all field *** adopted approach enables us to observe the fully formed flat-band pseudo-Landau levels spectrally as sharp peaks in the photonic density of states and image the associated wavefunctions spatially,where we provide clear evidence for a characteristic nodal structure reflecting the previously elusive supersymmetry in the underlying low-energy *** particular,we resolve the full sublattice polarisation of the anomalous 0th pseudo-Landau level,which reveals a deep connection to zigzag edge states in the unstrained case.

关键词： microwave strained Landau

Longitudinal single-cell RNA-seq of hESCs-derived retinal organoids

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第10期64卷 1661-1676页

作者： Shaojun Wang Sergio poli Xiaoliang Liang Guang-Hua Peng Laboratory of Visual Cell Differentiation and Regulation Basic Medical CollegeZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Department of Ophthalmology First medical center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Ophthalmology Fifth medical center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100071China Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Brigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBoston 02115USA Department of Pathophysiology Basic Medical CollegeZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Division of Internal Medicine Mount Sinai Medical CenterMiamiFlorida 33140USA

Human retina development involves multiple well-studied signaling pathways that promote the genesis of a wide arrange of different cell types in a complex architectural *** embryonic stem cells(hESCs)-derived retinal organoids could recapitulate the human retinal *** performed single-cell RNA-seq of retinal organoids from 5 time points(D36,D66,D96,D126,D186)and identified 9 distinct populations of *** addition,we analyzed the molecular characteristics of each main population and followed them from genesis to maturity by pseudotime analysis and characterized the cell-cell interactions between different cell ***,we identified insulin receptor(INSR)as a specifically expressed receptor involved in the genesis of photoreceptors,and pleiothropin(PTN)-protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z1(PTPRZ1)as a mediator of a previously unknown interaction between Müller and retinal progenitor *** together,these findings provide a rich transcriptome-based lineage map for studying human retinal development and modeling developmental disorders in retinal organoids.

关键词： human embryonic stem cell photoreceptor cell single cell RNA sequencing retinal pigment epithelium retinal organoid

The immunology of sickness metabolism

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第9期21卷 1051-1065页

作者： Felix M.Wensveen MarkoŠestan Bojan polić University of Rijeka Faculty of Medicine RijekaCroatia

Everyone knows that an infection can make you feel *** we perceive infection-induced changes in metabolism as a pathology,they are a part of a carefully regulated process that depends on tissue-specific interactions between the immune system and organs involved in the regulation of systemic ***-mediated changes in homeostatic parameters lead to altered production and uptake of nutrients in circulation,which modifies the metabolic rate of key *** is what we experience as being *** purpose of sickness metabolism is to generate a metabolic environment in which the body is optimally able to fight infection while denying vital nutrients for the replication of *** metabolism depends on tissue-specific immune cells,which mediate responses tailored to the nature and magnitude of the *** an infection increases in severity,so do the number and type of immune cells involved and the level to which organs are affected,which dictates the degree to which we feel ***,many alterations associated with metabolic disease appear to overlap with immune-mediated changes observed following *** processes involving tissue-specific interactions between activated immune cells and metabolic organs therefore holds great potential for treating both people with severe infection and those with metabolic *** this review,we will discuss how the immune system communicates in situ with organs involved in the regulation of homeostasis and how this communication is impacted by infection.

关键词： Immunometabolism infection metabolic disease immune system inflammasome

Numerical investigation on broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in chalcogenide suspended-core fibers

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第5期26卷 224-234页

作者：莫坤东翟波李剑峰 E Coscelli F poli A Cucinotta S Selleri 韦晨刘永 State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic InformationUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China Information Engineering Department University of Parma

As2S3 and As2Se3 chalcogenide 3-bridges suspended-core fibers（SCFs） are designed with shifted zero-dispersion wavelengths（ZDWs） at around 1.5 μm, 2 μm, and 2.8 μm, respectively. A generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation is used to numerically compare supercontinuum（SC） generation in these SCFs pumped at an anomalous dispersion region nearby their ZDWs. Evolutions of the long-wavelength edge（LWE）, the power proportion in the long-wavelength region（PPL）, and spectral flatness（SF） are calculated and analyzed. Meanwhile, the optimal pump parameters and fiber length are given with LWE, PPL, and SF taken into account. For As2S3 SCFs, SC from a 14 mm-long fiber with a ZDW of 2825 nm pumped at 2870 nm can achieve the longest LWE of - 13 μm and PPL up to ～72%. For As2Se3 SCFs, the LWE of 15.5 μm and the highest PPL of ～ 87% can be achieved in a 10 mm-long fiber with ZDW of 1982 nm pumped at 2000 nm. Although the As2Se3 SCFs can achieve much longer LWE than the As2S3 SCFs, the core diameter of As2Se3 SCFs will be much smaller to obtain a similar ZDW, leading to lower damage threshold and output power. Finally, the optimal parameters for generating SC spanning over different mid-IR windows are given.

关键词： pumped broadband suspended flatness numerically pumping generating Distance soliton anomalous

Coverless Text Hiding Method Based on Improved Evaluation Index and One-Bit Embedding

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第9期124卷 1035-1048页

作者： Ning Wu Yi Yang Lian Li Zhongliang Yang poli Shang Weibo Ma Zhenru Liu School of Information Science and Engineering Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China School of Computer Science&Artificial Intelligence Lanzhou Institute of Technology Lanzhou730050China Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Lanzhou Petrochemical PolytechnicLanzhou730060China School of Electrical Engineering Lanzhou Institute of TechnologyLanzhou730050China

In the field of information hiding,text is less redundant,which leads to less space to hide information and challenging work for *** on the Markov chain model,this paper proposes an improved evaluation index and onebit embedding coverless text steganography *** the steganography process,this method did not simply take the transition probability as the optimization basis of the steganography model,but combined it with the sentence length in the corresponding nodes in the model to gauge sentence *** on this,only two optimal conjunctions of the current words are retained in the method to generate sentences of higher *** the size of the training text dataset is generally large,this leads to higher complexity of the steganographic model;hence,fewer repetitions of the generated steganographic sentences *** datasets and methods were selected to test the quality of the *** results indicate that our method can achieve higher hiding capacity and has better concealment capability.

关键词： Coverless text steganography Markov chain evaluation index onebit embedding

Monitoring changes in the Menik Farm IDP camps in Sri Lanka using multi-temporal very high-resolution satellite data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2011年第S01期4卷 91-106页

作者： T.Kemper M.Jenerowicz L.Gueguen D.poli P.Soillea Joint Research Centre Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen(IPSC)European CommissionVia E.Fermi 2749I-21027IspraItaly Space Research Centre Polish Academy of SciencesBartycka 18A00-716WarsawPoland

This paper presents the results of the application of mathematical morphology for the automatic quantification of the number of tents and the detection of changes in the Menik Farm IDP camp in Sri *** tents were retrieved using an area-constraint top-hat opening applied to WorldView-1 *** counting of tents was based on the centroids of the automatically detected structures indicating an overall number of 25,150 tents on the 26 June *** comparison with a visual interpretation produced an R2 of 0.97 with an error of 1.25%.In addition,an automated detection of changes inside a camp area was *** comparison of the satellite image of 26 June 2009(WorldView-1)and an image of 28 February 2010(GeoEye-1)is based on mutual(mixed)information metric,after using morphological image processing techniques and previously specified *** are observed on a terrain of around 15.2%of the total camp area and 3813 of previously detected structures disappeared in a period of 8 months.

关键词： refugee/IDP monitoring mathematical morphology change detection GeoEye-1 WorldView-1 image processing

Carbon Nanoparticle Exerts Positive Growth Effects with Increase in Productivity by Down-Regulating Phytochrome B and Enhancing Internal Temperature in Rice

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Rice science 2021年第3期28卷 289-300,I0026,I0028页

作者： Madhusmita PANIGRAHY Subhashree DAS Yugandhar poli Pratap Kumar SAHOO Khushbu KUMARI Kishore C.S.PANIGRAHI School of Biological Sciences National Institute of Science Education and Research(Homi Bhabha National Institute)Odisha 752050India Biofuel&Bioprocessing Research Center Institute of Technical Education and ResearchSiksha‘O’Anusandhan Deemed to be UniversityOdisha 751001India Indian Institute of Rice Research Rajendra NagarHyderabad 500030India School of Physical Science National Institute of Science Education and Research(Homi Bhabha National Institute)Odisha 752050India Center for Interdisciplinary Science National Institute of Science Education and Research(Homi Bhabha National Institute)Odisha 752050India Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology Ruhr University BochumBochum 44780Germany

The effects of carbon nanoparticle(CNP)on rice variety Swarna(MTU7029)were *** induced effects similar to shade avoidance response(SAR)of Arabidopsis,with increase in shoot length,root length,root number,cotyledon area,chlorophyll content and total sugar content in rice *** mature plants,CNP treatment resulted increase in plant height,number of productive tillers per plant,normalized difference vegetation index,quantum yield and root growth.A total of 320 mg of CNP per plant administered in four doses resulted in improved grain traits such as filled grain rate,100-grain weight,grain length/width ratio,hulling rate,milling rate and head rice *** from the CNP-treated plants showed increase in amylose,starch and soluble sugar contents compared to ***,CNP treatment showed an average of 17.5%increase in yield per *** investigation to the molecular mechanism behind CNP induction of SAR,a significant downregulation of phytochrome B transcript was *** in perception of red wavelengths led to responses similar to *** in plant’s internal temperature by 0.5ºC±0.1ºC was recorded after CNP *** suggest that the internalized CNP aggregates may serve to absorb extra photons thereby increasing the internal temperature of *** B accounts the hike in internal temperature and initiates a feed-back reduction of its own *** suggest that moderate SAR is beneficial for rice plants to improve agronomic traits and *** presents a potential non-transgenic method for improving rice yield by CNP treatment.

关键词： agronomic trait carbon nanoparticle flowering time rice grain quality phytochrome B yield shade avoidance response temperature sensing

Acid-mediated decarboxylative C–H coupling between arenes and O-allyl carbamates

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第6期9卷 1711-1718页

作者： Camilla Loro Julie Oble Francesca Foschi Marta Papis Egle MBeccalli Sabrina Giofrè Giovanni poli Gianluigi Broggini Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia Universitàdegli Studi dell’Insubriavia Valleggio 922100 ComoItaly Sorbonne Université Facultédes Sciences et IngénierieCNRSInstitut Parisien de Chimie MoléculaireIPCM4 place Jussieu75005 ParisFrance DISFARM Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica“A.Marchesini”Universitàdegli Studi di Milanovia Venezian 2120133 MilanoItaly

Treatment of O-allyl N-tosyl carbamates with aromatic compounds in the presence of Cu(OTf)_(2) or TMSOTf as promoters affords N-substituted 1-arylpropan-2-amines,1,2-diarylpropanes,1,1-diarylpropanes,or indanes,depending on the nature of the promoter and of the aryl substrates.A full mechanistic rational allowing appreciation of the outcome of these novel C–H based cascades is *** initial acid promoted decarboxylative/deamidative Friedel–Crafts allylation takes *** protonation of the allylated arene,evolution of the resulting cation may follow different paths depending on the nature of the arene partner and of the allyl moiety in the carbamate.

关键词： allyl moiety coupling