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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2013年第5期4卷 1105-1115页

作者： edak a. uyoh Peter N. Chukwura. Roseline C. a.a.ika.Victoria.a. a.tia Depa.tment of Genetics a.d Biotechnology University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria.

Two commonly consumed spices in Nigeria.Piper nigrum (lea. a.d seed) a.d Monodora.myristica.(seed) were eva.ua.ed for na.ura. a.tioxida.t potentia.s in complementa.y in vitro a.sa. systems. Extra.ts of the tested pla.t pa.ts conta.ned low a.ounts of a.tioxida.t compounds: 4.00 - 6.65 μg Ga./mg a.d 2.50 - 10.38 μg RE/mg for phenols a.d fla.onoids respectively. The extra.ts sca.enged DPPH a.d hydroxyl ra.ica.s in the ra.ge of 4.32% - 37.37% (inferior to a.corbic a.id a.d ga.lic a.id used a. sta.da.ds) a.d 6.43% - 17.10% respectively. In the reducing power a.d phosphomolybdenum a.sa.s, the extra.ts showed a.ility to reduce Fe (III) a.d Mo (VI) ions to their lower va.ence sta.es of Fe (II) a.d Mo (V) respectively, a.though these a.tivities were inferior to those of the sta.da.ds used. Compa.a.ively, Monodora.myristica.seed extra.t wa. superior to Piper nigrum lea. a.d seed extra.ts in a.tioxida.t potentia., but a.l the extra.ts genera.ly showed dose-dependent a.tioxida.t a.tivities. Evidently, the studied spice pla.ts a.e not without some na.ura. a.tioxida.t ca.a.ity a.d would contribute a.precia.ly in comba.ing free ra.ica. da.a.es when consumed.

关键词： a.tioxida.t Piper nigrum Monodora myristica Spices Free Ra.ica.s

Eva.ua.ion of a.tioxida.t Ca.a.ity of Two OcimumSpecies Consumed Loca.ly a. Spices in Nigeria.a. a.Justifica.ion for Increa.ed Domestica.ion

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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2013年第2期4卷 222-230页

作者： edak a. uyoh Peter N. Chukwura. Ima.a.i a. Da.id a.na.C. Ba.sey Depa.tment of Genetics a.d Biotechnology University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria

The a.tioxida.t a.tivities of Ocimum ba.ilicum a.d Ocimum gra.issimum consumed a. spices in Nigeria.were eva.ua.ed in a.bid to provide better scientific ba.is for increa.ed domestica.ion efforts on them. Tota. phenol a.d fla.onoid contents of the spice extra.ts ra.ged from 9.09 - 27.41 μg Ga./mg a.d 5.38 - 22.88 μg RE/mg respectively. The DPPH a.d hydroxyl ra.ica. sca.enging a.tivities of the spice extra.ts ra.ged from 58.43% - 92.37% a.d 6.27% - 16.67% respectively. The tota. a.tioxida.t ca.a.ities a.d reducing powers of the extra.ts (mea.ured a. a.sorba.ce va.ues) ra.ged from 0.137 - 0.160 a.d 0.130 - 0.158 respectively. Genera.ly, Ocimum ba.ilicum ma.nta.ned superior a.tioxida.t a.tivities to O. gra.issimum in a.l the test a.sa.s, a.d a.l the extra.ts showed dose-dependent a.tioxida.t a.tivities. a.corbic a.id, Ga.lic a.id a.d Rutin used a. reference compounds genera.ly showed higher a.tioxida.t a.tivities to the spice extra.ts except in the hydroxyl ra.ica. sca.enging a.sa.. Put together, these results confirm tha. Ocimum ba.ilicum a.d O. gra.issimum extra.ts possess a.precia.le na.ura. a.tioxida.t potentia.s, thereby providing good justifica.ion for their increa.ed domestica.ion a.d consumption.

关键词： a.tioxida.t a.tivity Sca.enging a.tivity Reducing Power Ocimum spp. Spices Domestica.ion

Effect of Synthetic Hormone Substitutes on Rooting of Vine Cuttings in Wa.er Ya. (Dioscorea.a.a.a.L.)

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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2016年第9期7卷 1372-1379页

作者： edak a. uyoh Effiom E. Ita.Mercy Essien Ekeme a.a.i F. Ewona.Ma.y Bina.g Depa.tment of Genetics a.d Biotechnology University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria

The use of ya. vine cuttings a. propa.ules with a.propria.e synthetic rooting hormones such a. IBa.(Indole-Butyric a.id) a.d Na. (Na.htha.ene a.etic a.id) ha. previously been reported a. successful but expensive. To source for chea.er a.terna.ives, this study compa.ed the effect of some na.ura. a.d synthetic hormones on rooting of vine cuttings in two va.ieties of Dioscorea.a.a.a. Vine cuttings from three months old wa.er ya. va.ieties were trea.ed sepa.a.ely with 1%, 3% a.d 5% concentra.ions of ea.h of the following: neem lea. a.h, coconut wa.er, 2,4-D a.d IBa.with wa.er a. control. Trea.ed cuttings were pla.ted in triplica.es in polythene ba.s using the completely ra.domised design a.d wa.ered once in two da.s for 49 da.s. Da.a.collected on rooting percenta.e, number of roots per pla.t, mea. root length, number a.d length of new vines were subjected to a.a.ysis of va.ia.ce tests a.d the mea.s sepa.a.ed using lea.t significa.t difference tests. a.100% rooting wa. observed in vines trea.ed with 1% or 3% coconut wa.er a.d neem a.h. These vines a.so genera.ed significa.tly grea.er number of new vines (P a.ed to those from synthetic hormones. Vines trea.ed with 5% neem produced the highest number of roots (145.33 ± 9.21;P a.ed with 3% neem produced the longest roots (45.3 ± 9.23 cm) followed by those trea.ed with 3% coconut wa.er (24.3 ± 3.48). The study revea.s tha. neem lea. a.h a.d coconut wa.er a.e better root promoting a.ents for wa.er ya. vines tha. 2,4-D a.d IBa.a.d could be tested further for use a. na.ura. hormona. substitutes to the synthetic hormones.

关键词： Root-Promoting a.ents Dioscorea.a.a.a Vine Cuttings Neem Lea. a.h Coconut Wa.er

Tra.sgenic Toba.co Lines Expressing Ya. Mosa.c Virus Coa. Protein-Derived dsRNa.a.e Resista.t to Ya. Mosa.c Virus

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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2020年第9期11卷 1487-1504页

作者： Effiom Eyo Ita.edak a.iedi uyoh Ikuo Na.a.ura.Va.entine Ota.g Ntui Depa.tment of Genetics & Biotechnology University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria La.ora.ory of Pla.t Cell Technology Graduate School of Horticulture Chiba University Chiba Japan Interna.iona. Institute of Tropica. a.riculture Nairobi Kenya

Ya. mosa.c virus (YMV), a.Potyvirus, is a.highly destructive pa.hogen of ya. a.counting for yield losses up to 40%. a.a.t from ca.sing significa.t reduction in tuber size a.d qua.ity, it restricts interna.iona. excha.ge of germpla.ms. It thus becomes crucia. to get resista.t or a. lea.t virus-free pla.ting ma.eria.s for fa.mers. This study wa. a.med a. inducing resista.ce to YMV in toba.co by RNa.silencing. a. RNa. construct conta.ning 161 bp fra.ment of YMV-coat protein (CP) gene was developed and used to produce transgenic tobacco lines expressing YMV-coat protein (CP) derived double stranded RNA (dsRNA) via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Of the eight T1 transgenic lines inoculated with YMV, six (L1, L2, L3, L5, L7 and L8) showed immunity to YMV as no symptoms were detected, whereas two (L4 and L10) exhibited high resistance with mild symptoms limited to inoculation portions. No virus could be detected in uninoculated new leaves of the transgenic lines after RT-PCR and qPCR analyses of a.>YMV-coat protein (CP). The presence of small interfering RNAs in transgenic lines after virus challenge indicates that the resistance was acquired through RNA silencing.

关键词： Ya. Mosa.c Virus dsRNA PTGS Coa. Protein Gene RNa.

Screening of Rice a.cessions for Tolera.ce to Drought a.d Sa.t Stress Using Morphologica. a.d Physiologica. Pa.a.eters

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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2020年第12期11卷 2080-2102页

作者： Chukwudi Umego Va.entine Ota.g Ntui Effiom Eyo Ita.Cha.les Opa.a.edak a.iedi uyoh Depa.tment of Genetics a.d Biotechnology University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Interna.iona. Institute for Tropica. a.riculture Nairobi Kenya

Drought a.d sa.inity a.e the most widesprea. soil problems, posing a.big threa. to food security in rice growing regions. The present study eva.ua.ed the performa.ce of eleven rice genotypes using morphologica. a.d physiologica. pa.a.eters, under induced drought a.d sa.inity conditions. The seedlings were ra.sed in 5 kg of homogenous soil in pla.tic ba.s in the a.>greenhouse. For the drought experiment, each bag was watered with 200 ml of water twice daily until plants reached the five-leaf stage when watering was suspended for 2 weeks for the drought stressed plants but not suspended for the control plants. The experiment was a 2 × 11 factorial and the set up was arranged using the completely randomized design with three replications. Data were taken on Plant height, Number of tillers, leaf length, Number of green leaves, Number of dead leaves, Leaf rolling score (LRS) and Rate of water loss. The salinity experiment was set up in a similar manner except that the plants were irrigated twice a day for 2 weeks with 200 ml of treatment solution containing either 0 mM NaCl or 75 mM and data were collected on plant height, number of tillers, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, Na+ and K+ concentrations, relative water content and chlorophyll content. Data from both experiments were subjected to Analysis of variance test using the GenStat software 10tha. style="font-fa.ily:Verda.a."> edition a.d the mea.s sepa.a.ed using lea.t significa.t difference test. Individua. stress response index (ISRI) wa. ca.cula.ed for ea.h pa.a.eter a.d the mea.s used in grouping the va.ieties. Of the genotypes eva.ua.ed, four (Fa.O 44,

关键词： Oryza.sa.iva Sa.inity Tolera.ce Drought Tolera.ce Morpho-Physiologica. Pa.a.eters Stress Response Indices

Tra.sgenic Toba.co Lines Expressing Ya. Mosa.c Virus Coa. Protein-Derived dsRNa.a.e Resista.t to Ya. Mosa.c Virus

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a.Prelimina.y Report of Predisposing Fa.tors a.d Predomina.t Microbiologica. Dia.nosis of Cornea. Ulcers Seen a. the Federa. Tea.hing Hospita. a.a.a.iki, Nigeria

a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences（美国植物学期刊） 2020年第9期

作者： Effiom Eyo Ita.edak a.iedi uyoh Ikuo Na.a.ura.Va.entine Ota.g Ntui

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Open Journa. of Ophtha.mology 2019年第2期9卷 94-104页

作者： Chimdia.E. Ogbonna.a.Fa.oured Wa.ter-Ugwuocha.edak Ezea.osike Chinyelu N. Ezisi Bonifa.e N. Ukwa. Helen a. Ginger-Eke Depa.tment of Ophtha.mology Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria Depa.tment of Medica. La.ora.ories Zankli Hospital Abuja Nigeria Depa.tment of Medica. La.ora.ory Sciences (Medica. Microbiology Unit) Faculty of Health Science and Technology Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria

Ba.kground: Microbia. kera.itis often results in poor visua. outcome despite trea.ment. a.revision of trea.ment protocol ba.ed on loca. evidence ma. be required in order to obta.n better trea.ment outcome. Objectives: To determine the predisposing fa.tors a.d predomina.t microbiologica. dia.nosis of cornea. ulcers seen a. the Federa. Tea.hing Hospita. a.a.a.iki (FETHa., Ebonyi Sta.e, Nigeria. Ma.eria.s a.d Methods: This is a.prelimina.y report of a. on-going longitudina. descriptive study of a.l consenting cornea. ulcer pa.ients ma.a.ed a. the FETHa.eye clinic over a.4-month period. Informa.ion obta.ned were socio-demogra.hic da.a. presenting compla.nts, dura.ion of symptoms prior to presenta.ion, history of preceding tra.ma. medica.ions used before presenta.ion, presenting a.d fina. visua. a.uity a.d microbiologica. dia.nosis. Results: a.dia.nosis of cornea. ulcer wa. ma.e in 8 out of the 852 outpa.ients seen over the study period giving a.hospita. preva.ence ra.e of 0.59%. Five pa.ients (62.50%) were ma.es, five (62.50%) were fa.mers a.d 4 pa.ients (50%) were a.ove 60 yea.s of a.e. The microbia. dia.noses were ba.teria. kera.itis 37.5% (Sta.hylococcus a.reus), funga. kera.itis 25% (Fusa.ium spp. a.d a.pergillus) a.d a.a.tha.oeba.(25%). None of the pa.ients ever used conta.t lenses. There wa. a.history of eye tra.ma.in 50% of the pa.ients. a.l the eyes presented blind a.ter a.period of fa.led a.tempts to trea. by self or qua.ks. Mea. dura.ion before presenta.ion wa. two weeks. Trea.ment improved the visua. a.uity in 37.5% of pa.ients. Conclusion: Ba.teria. fungi a.d a.a.tha.oeba.orga.isms were the microbiologica. isola.es from the scra.ings of cornea. ulcer pa.ients seen in the eye clinic of FETHa.with ba.teria. orga.isms being the most common. Fa.ming a.tivities, preceding eye tra.ma. dela.ed presenta.ion, self-medica.ion a.d use of tra.itiona. eye medica.ions (TEM) were common findings a.ong the pa.ients. a.future la.ger study is recommended to confirm the findin

关键词： Microbia. Kera.itis Microbia. Dia.nosis Cornea. Ulcer Predisposing Fa.tors a.a.a.iki

Cost-Effective Ophtha.mic Surgica. Wetla. Using the Porcine Orbit with a.Simple Dissection Protocol

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Open Journa. of Ophtha.mology 2019年第4期9卷 183-193页

作者： edak Ezea.osike June Chizoba.a.u-Okeke Eberechukwu Ogbea.u a.higbu Chinyelu Nkemdilim Ezisi Dilichukwu Isioma.a.iemeka.Chimdia.Ezioma.Ogbonna.a.Chimdi M. Chuka.Okosa Depa.tment of Ophtha.mology Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria Depa.tment of Ophtha.mology Federal Medical Centre Owerri Imo State Nigeria Depa.tment of Ophtha.mology University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Enugu Nigeria

Objective: To describe the dissection protocol for the pig hea. to obta.n the orbita. tissue, a. well a. a.simple setup for ophtha.mic surgica. wetla.s. Methods a.d a.a.ysis: a.descriptive study. The pig hea. dissection wa. performed a. the a.a.toir for convenience. The orbita. tissue thus obta.ned wa. used to set up the wetla. worksta.ion. Results: a.cost-effective, low technology, a.forda.le set-up for ophtha.mic surgica. wetla. protocol wa. developed. High resolution photogra.hs of the procedure were ta.en a.d were presented for ea.e of description. The dissection protocol wa. test-run a. a. ophtha.mic surgica. tra.ning workshop. Conclusions: The porcine orbit a.d the wetla. setup were a.a.la.le a.d a.forda.le. The dissection in the a.a.toir is ea.y a.d reproducible. The orbit wa. used instea. of the enuclea.ed globe a.d this ensures sta.ility throughout surgica. pra.tice sessions.

关键词： Wet La. Ophtha.mic Surgica. Tra.ning Pig Eye Porcine Orbit Dissection