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Anti-inflammatory pathways and alcoholic liver disease: Role of an adiponectin/interleukin-10/heme oxygenase-1 pathway

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第11期16卷 1330-1336页

作者： Palash Mandal Michele T Pritchard Laura e Nagy Department of Pathobiology and Gastroenterology Cleveland ClinicLerner Research Institute/NE-40

The development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a complex process involving both the parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells in the liver. enhanced inflammation in the liver during ethanol exposure is an important contributor to injury. Kupffer cells, the resident macrophages in liver, are particularly critical to the onset of ethanol-induced liver injury. Chronic ethanol exposure sensitizes Kupffer cells to activation by lipopolysaccharide via Toll-like receptor 4. This sensitization enhances production of inflammatory mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and reactive oxygen species, that contribute to hepatocyte dysfunction, necrosis, apoptosis, and fibrosis. Impaired resolution of the inflammatory process probably also contributes to ALD. The resolution of inflammation is an active, highly coordinated response that can potentially be manipulated via therapeutic interventions to treat chronic inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have identif ied an adiponectin/interleukin-10/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway that is profoundly effective in dampening the enhanced activation of innate immune responses in primary cultures of Kupffer cells, as well as in an in vivo mouse model of chronic ethanol feeding. Importantly, induction of HO-1 also reduces ethanol-induced hepatocellular apoptosis in this in vivo model. Based on these data, we hypothesize that the development of therapeutic agents to regulate HO-1 and its downstream targets could be useful in enhancing the resolution of inflammation during ALD and preventing progression of early stages of liver injury.

关键词： Liver disease Alcohol Macrophages Hemeoxygenase-1 Inflammation

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Recent advances in isolation, synthesis, and evaluation of bioactivities of bispyrroloquinone alkaloids of marine origin

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2015年第8期13卷 561-577页

作者： NIJAMPATNAM Bhavitavya DUTTA Shilpa veLU Sadanandan e. Department of Chemistry University of Alabama at Birmingham

The ocean continues to provide a plethora of unique scaffolds capable of remarkable biological applications. A large number of pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids, including discorhabdins, epinardins, batzellines, makaluvamines, and veiutamine, have been isolated from various marine organisms. A class of pyrroloiminoquinone-related alkaloids, known as bispyrroloquinones, is the focus of this review article. This family of marine alkaloids, which contain an aryl substituted bispyrroloquinone ring system, includes three subclasses of alkaloids namely, wakayin, tsitsikammamines A-B, and zyzzyanones A-D. Both wakayin and the tsitsikammamines contain a tetracyclic fused bispyrroloiminoquinone ring system, while zyzzyanones contain a fused tricyclic bispyrroloquinone ring system. The unique chemical structures of these marine natural products and their diverse biological properties, including antifungal and antimicrobial activity, as well as the potent, albeit generally nonspecific and universal cytotoxicities, have attracted great interest of synthetic chemists over the past three decades. Tsitsikammamines, wakayin, and several of their analogs show inhibition of topoisomerases. One additional possible mechanism of anticancer activity of tsitsikammamines analogs that has been discovered recently is through the inhibition of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase, an enzyme involved in tumoral immune resistance. This review discusses the isolation, synthesis, and evaluation of bioactivities of bispyrroloquinone alkaloids and their analogs.

关键词： Bispyrroloquinones Tsitsikammamines Wakayin Zyzzyanones Topoisomerase Anticancer Antimicrobial

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The nature of orbits in a prolate elliptical galaxy model with a bulge and a dense nucleus

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第12期11卷 1449-1456页

作者： Nicolaos D.Caranicolas euaggelos e.Zotos Department of Physics Section of AstrophysicsAstronomy and MechanicsAristotle University of Thessaloniki 541 24ThessalonikiGreece

We study the transition from regular to chaotic motion in a prolate elliptical galaxy dynamical model with a bulge and a dense nucleus. Our numerical investigation shows that stars with angular momentum Lz less than or equal to a critical value Lzc, moving near the galactic plane, are scattered to higher z, when reaching the central region of the galaxy, thus displaying chaotic motion. An inverse square law relationship was found to exist between the radius of the bulge and the critical value Lzc of the angular momentum. On the other hand, a linear relationship exists between the mass of the nucleus and Lzc. The numerically obtained results are explained using theoretical arguments. Our study shows that there are connections between regular or chaotic motion and the physical parameters of the system, such as the star＇s angular momentum and mass, the scale length of the nucleus and the radius of the bulge. The results are compared with the outcomes of previous work.

关键词： galaxies: kinematics and dynamics

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Processing soft ferromagnetic metallic glasses:on novel cooling strategies in gas atomization,hydrogen enhancement,and consolidation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第24期59卷 26-36页

作者： N.Ciftci N.Yodoshi S.Armstrong L.Madler v.Uhlenwinkel Leibniz Institute for Materials engineering IWT Badgasteiner Straße 328359BremenGermany Cooperative Research and Development Center for Advanced Materials Institute for Materials ResearchTohoku University2-2-1 KatahiraAoba-kuSendai980-8577Japan University of Bremen Faculty of Production EngineeringBadgasteiner Straße 128359BremenGermany

Processing soft ferromagnetic glass-forming alloys through gas atomization and consolidation is the most effective technique to produce bulk *** commercial viability of these materials depends on commercial purity ***,crystallization in commercial purity feedstock is several orders of magnitude faster than in high purity *** production of amorphous powders with commercial purity requires high cooling rates,which can only be achieved by extending the common process window in conventional gas *** development of novel cooling strategies during molten metal gas atomization on two model alloys({(Fe0.6Co0.4)0.75B0.2Si0.05}96Nb4 and Fe76B10Si9P5)is *** inducement during liquid quenching significantly improved the glass-forming ability and soft magnetic properties of{(Fe0.6Co0.4)0.75B0.2Si0.05}96Nb4 *** plasma sintering experiments verified that amorphous rings could be produced regardless of the cooling strategies *** the saturation magnetization was almost unaffected by consolidation,the coercivity increased slightly and permeability decreased *** magnetic properties of the final bulk samples were independent of feedstock *** developed cooling strategies provide a great opportunity for the commercialization of soft ferromagnetic glass-forming alloys with commercial purity.

关键词： Gas atomization Amorphous powders Metallic glass Cooling Quenching Heat transfer Hydrogen

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effect of some operational variables on bubble size in a pilot-scale mechanical flotation machine

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第3期21卷 1077-1084页

作者：张炜 J.e.Nesset J.A.Finch Mining and Mineral Resources Division Department of Business AdministrationChinalco China Copper Corporation Limited Department of Mining and Materials engineering McGill University

This work aims to provide a relationship of how the key operational variables of frother type and impeller speed affect the size of bubble （D32）. The study was performed using pilot-scale equipment （0.8 m^3） that is up to two orders of magnitude larger than equipment used for studies performed to date by others, and incorporated the key process variables of frother type and impeller speed. The results show that each frother family exhibits a unique CCC95-HLB relationship dependent on n （number of C-atoms in alkyl group） and m （number of propylene oxide group）. empirical models were developed to predict CCC95 from HLB associated with other two parameters a and ft. The impeller speed-bubble size tests show that D32 is unaffected by increased impeller tip speed across the range of 4.6 to 9.2 m/s （representing the industrial operating range）, although D32 starts to increase below 4.6 m/s. The finding is valid for both coalescing and non-coalescing conditions. The results suggest that the bubble size and bubble size distribution （BSD） being created do not change with increasing impeller speed in the quiescent zone of the flotation.

关键词： flotation bubble size operational variables critical coalescence concentration hydrophile-lipophile balance impellerspeed

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Biomarkers of An Autoimmune Skin Disease——Psoriasis

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2015年第4期13卷 224-233页

作者： Shan Jiang Taylor e.Hinchliffe Tianfu Wu Department of Dermatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Department of Biomedical engineering University of Houston

Psoriasis is one of the most prevalent autoimmune skin diseases. However, its etiology and pathogencsis are still unclear. Over the last decade, omics-based technologies have been exten- sively utilized for biomarker discovery. As a result, some promising markers for psoriasis have been identified at the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome level. These discoveries have provided new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways in psoriasis pathogenesis. More importantly, some of these markers may prove useful in the diagnosis of psoriasis and in the prediction of disease progression once they have been validated. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings in psoriasis biomarker discovery. In addition, we will discuss several emerging technologies and their potential for novel blomarker discovery and diagnostics for psoriasis.

关键词： Psoriasis Biomarker Genomics Proteomics Metabolomics

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The functional role of miRNAs in colorectal cancer: insights from a large population-based study

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2019年第2期16卷 211-219页

作者： Lila e.Mullany Martha L.Slattery Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah

Identification of causal microRNAs(miRNAs) in colorectal cancer(CRC) is elusive, due to our lack of understanding of how specific miRNAs affect biological pathways and outcomes. An miRNA can regulate many mRNAs and an mRNA can be associated with many miRNAs;appreciation of these complex networks in which miRNAs operate is necessary to transition from identifying dysregulated miRNAs to identifying individual miRNAs or groups of miRNAs that are suitable for therapeutic purposes. The aim of the paper is to compile results from a population-based study(n = 1,954 cases with matched carcinoma/normal tissue) of miRNAs in CRC. The information gained allows for cohesive and comprehensive insight into miRNAs and CRC in terms of function and impact. Comparison of miRNA expression with mRNA expression from nine signaling pathways in carcinogenic processes allowed us to identify miRNA targets within a biological context. MiRNAs that directly influence mRNA expression may be effective biomarkers or therapeutic targets.

关键词： mRNA miRNA pathways colorectal cancer

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Medical decision making for older adults： an international perspective comparing the United States and India

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2015年第4期12卷 329-334页

作者： Ankur Kalra Daniel e Forman Sarah J Goodlin Division of lnterventional Cardiology Beth lsrael Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Kalra Hospital SRCNC Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi India Section of Geriatric Cardiology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh PA USA Geriatrics Research Education and Clinicai Center VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Medicine-Geriatrics Oregon Health & Sciences University and Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System Portland Oregon USA

There has been a significant decline in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality amidst pervasive advances in care, including percutane- ous revascularization, mechanical circulatory support, and transcatheter valvular therapies. While advancing therapies may add significant longevity, they also bring about new end-of-life decision-making challenges for patients and their families who also must weigh the advan- tages of reduced mortality to the possibility of longer lives consisting of high morbidity, frailty, pain, and poor quality of living. Advance care entails options of withholding or withdrawing therapies, and has become a familiar part of cardiovascular care for older patients in Western countries. However, as advanced cardiovascular practices extend to developing countries, the interrelated concept of advance care is rarely straight forward as it is affected by local cultural traditions and mores, and can lead to very different inferences and use. This paper discusses the concepts of advance care planning, surrogate decision-making, orders for resuscitation and futility in patients with cardiac dis- ease with comparisons of West to east, focusing particularly on the United States versus India.

关键词： Advance care planning Advance directive end-of-life India Surrogate decision-making

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Aphid populations showing differential levels of virulence on Capsicum accessions

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Insect Science 2020年第2期27卷 336-348页

作者： Mengjing Sun Roeland e.voorrips Ben vosman Plant Breeding Wageningen University&ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands

The green peach aphid,Myzus persicae,is one of the most threatening pests in pepper cultivation and growers would benefit from resistant ***,we identified two Capsicum acessions as susceptible and three as resistant to *** using an aphid population originating from the Netherlands(NL).Later on we identified an aphid population originating from a diferent gcographical region(Switserland,SW)that was virulent on all tested Capsicum *** objeetive of the current work is to describe in detail diferent aspects of the interaction between two aphid populations and two sclected Capsicum acessions(one that was susceptible[PB2013046]and one that was resistant[PB2013071]to population NL),including biochemical processes *** penetration graph(ePG)recordings showed similar feeding activities for both aphid populations on *** acession PB2013071 the aphid population sw was able to devote significantly more time to phloem ingestion than population *** also studied plant defense response and found that plants of acession PB2013046 could not induce an accumulation of reactive oxygen species and callose formation after infestation with either aphid ***,plants of PB2013071 induced a stronger defense response after infestation by population NL than after infestation by population *** on these results,population SW of *** seems to have overcome the resistance of PB2013071 that prevented feeding of aphids from NL *** potential mechanism by which SW population overcomes the resistance is discussed.

关键词： callose deposition ePG plant aphid interaction plant immunity ROS accumulation virulence

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Wafer scale direct-write of Ge and Si nanostructures with conducting stamps and a modified mask aligner

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Nano Research 2013年第4期6卷 263-268页

作者： Hideki Sato Stephanie e. vasko Marco Rolandi Department of Materials Science and engineering University of Washington Seattle WA 9819S USA Japan Patent Office Tokyo 100-8915 Japan Department of Chemistry University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA

The broad availability of high throughput nanostructure fabrication is essential for advancement in nanoscale science. Large-scale manufacturing developed by the semiconductor industry is often too resource-intensive for medium scale laboratory prototyping. We demonstrate the inexpensive wafer scale direct- write of Ge and Si nanostructures with a 4-inch mask aligner retrofitted with a conducting microstructured stamp. A bias applied between the stamp and an underlying silicon substrate results in the reaction of diphenylgermane and diphenylsilane precursors at the stamp--substrate interface to yield the direct- write of Ge and Si nanostructures in determined locations. With the increasing number of outdated mask aligners available from the semiconductor industry and an extensive library of liquid precursors, this strategy provides facile, inexpensive, wafer scale semiconductor direct-write for applications such as electronics, photonics, and photovoltaics.

关键词： Ge Si nanolithography microcontact printing scanning probe lithography

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