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A fully-explicit discontinuous Galerkin hydrodynamic model for variably-saturated porous media

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2014年第4期26卷 594-607页

作者： De MAeT T. HANeRT e. vANCLOOSTeR M. earth and Life Institute Environmental SciencesUniversité catholique de LouvainB-1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Georges Lema?tre Centre for earth and Climate Research Université catholique de LouvainB-1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium

Groundwater flows play a key role in the recharge of aquifers, the transport of solutes through subsurface systems or the control of surface runoff. Predicting these processes requires the use of groundwater models with their applicability directly linked to their accuracy and computational efficiency. In this paper, we present a new method to model water dynamics in variably- saturated porous media. Our model is based on a fully-explicit discontinuous-Galerkin formulation of the 3D Richards equation, which shows a perfect scaling on parallel architectures. We make use of an adapted jump penalty term for the discontinuous-Galerkin scheme and of a slope limiter algorithm to produce oscillation-free exactly conservative solutions. We show that such an approach is particularly well suited to infiltration fronts. The model results are in good agreement with the reference model Hydrus-lD and seem promising for large scale applications involving a coarse representation of saturated soil.

关键词： 3D subsurface flow model discontinuous Galerkin method slope limiters explicit time integration

Discovery and development of synthetic tricyclic pyrroloquinone （TPQ） alkaloid analogs for human cancer therapy

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2016年第1期10卷 1-15页

作者： Wei Wang Bhavitavya Nijampatnam Sadanandan e. velu Ruiwen Zhang Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Amarillo TX 79106 USA Cancer Biology Center School of Pharmacy Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Amarillo TX 79106 USA Department of Chemistry University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL 35294 USA

Natural products and their derivatives repre- sent a rich source for the discovery and development of new cancer therapeutic drugs. Bioactive components derived from natural sources including marine compounds have been shown to be effective agents in the clinic or in preclinical settings. In the present review, we present a story of discovery, synthesis and evaluation of three synthetic tricyclic pyrroloquinone （TPQ） alkaloid analogs as cancer therapeutic agents. Chemical synthesis of these compounds （BA-TPQ, TBA-TPQ, and TCBA-TPQ） has been accomplished and the mechanisms of action （MOA） and structure-activity relationships （SAR） have been investigated. In the past, the complexity of chemical synthesis and the lack of well-defined MOA have dampened the enthusiasm for the development of some makaluvamines. Recent discovery of novel molecular targets for these alkaloids （unrelated to inhibition of Topoisomerase II） warrant further consideration as clinical candidates in the future. In addition to the establishment of novel synthetic approaches and demonstration of in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities, we have successfully demonstrated that these makaluvamines attack several key molecular targets, including the MDM2-p53 pathway, providing ample opportunities of modulating the compound structure based on SAR and the use of such compounds in combination therapy in the future.

关键词： synthesis marine drugs tricyclic pyrroloqui- none alkaloid cancer therapy MDM2 p53

Thermodynamic Foundation for High Temperature electrochemistry

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 494-500页

作者： ZHANG W. e. A. Charles J. Congleton Corrosion Research Group School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials University of Newcastle upon TyneCorrosion Research Group School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials University of Newcastle upon TyneCorrosion Research Group School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials University of Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK NE1 7RU UKNE1 7RU UK

Thermodynamic concepts required for the thermodynamic calculation of the potentials of electrodes for high temperature applications are briefly reviewed. A thermodynamic approach to the calculation of half cell potentials and the standard chemical potential of an electron at high temperatures which are related to the Standard Hydrogen electrode(SHe) is discussed. As examples, an external Ag/AgCl reference electrode and a YSZ(Ag|O_2) pH sensor for high temperature applications are analyzed by using the thermodynamic approach to derive a high temperature pH measurement equation. The two electrodes are employed to measure high temperature pH and the measured pH was compared with the calculated pH by using a solution chemistry method. Concepts and principles for electrode kinetics are also briefly introduced and a modification to the Tafel equations is suggested.

关键词： High temperature potential Half cell potential external Ag/AgCl reference electrode Standard chemical potential of an electron High temperature pH sensor.

P波S波vSP方法在Geysers地区断裂勘探中的应用

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地球物理学进展 1989年第1期4卷 35-49页

作者： e.L.Majer T.v.Moevilly 郭亚曦

在垂直地震剖面(vSP)的实验研究中,使用了P波和横向震动的S波震源,研究应用剪切波各向异性的测定结果来确定岩体的断裂特征的潜在可能。对井中每一个观测深度上的观测已发现在Geysers地热田盖层中SH波的Sv波之间的速度变化大约为11%,这... 详细信息

在垂直地震剖面(vSP)的实验研究中,使用了P波和横向震动的S波震源,研究应用剪切波各向异性的测定结果来确定岩体的断裂特征的潜在可能。对井中每一个观测深度上的观测已发现在Geysers地热田盖层中SH波的Sv波之间的速度变化大约为11%,这两种波由旋转S波震源到两个相互正交的偏振方向上而得到。这种结果通常与对已知的断裂几何形状所期望的等效的各向异性相一致。

关键词：垂直地震剖面偏移距断裂特征 Geysers P波S vSP 盖层地热田剪切波波剖面

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维氏美学(绪论·下)

中国美学 2024年第1期 263-271页

作者： [法]维龙 [日]中江兆民郑子路(译) 不详江西师范大学美术学院东京大学

本文是日本启蒙思想家中江兆民所译《维氏美学》的“绪论”的下半部分。在上一辑刊出的上半部分之中,作者阐述了艺术的根源与本质,认为艺术应以感动人心为旨趣,它的本质是作者被外在的事物触动后,通过对自我情感秘韵的摹写,而进入妙境... 详细信息

本文是日本启蒙思想家中江兆民所译《维氏美学》的“绪论”的下半部分。在上一辑刊出的上半部分之中,作者阐述了艺术的根源与本质,认为艺术应以感动人心为旨趣,它的本质是作者被外在的事物触动后,通过对自我情感秘韵的摹写,而进入妙境。对于艺术创作者最重要的,不是学院派那些烦琐的规则,而是情感的真切。只要驱使自我的情感去创作,自然也就可以怡人耳目;下半部分,作者对强调法则,以承袭前人的精神与意趣为旨归的保守势力进行了驳斥,认为“仿效前人”或“以实物为师,追求肖似”的艺术之道都是不可得的,自由而彻底地表达艺术家自我的胸中所感才是真正的艺术之道。

关键词：维氏美学美学总论日本近代美学

SYNGR4 and PLeKHB1 deregulation in motor neurons of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis models: potential contributions to pathobiology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 266-270页

作者： Rita F.Marques Kent e.Duncan Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department of ChemistryUniversity of HamburgHamburgGermany Neuronal Translational Control Research Group Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg(ZMNH)University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is the most common adult-onset neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Its defining feature is progressive loss of motor neuron function in the cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord, leading to paralysis and death. Despite major advances in identifying genes that can cause disease when mutated and model the disease in animals and cellular models, it still remains unclear why motor symptoms suddenly appear after a long pre-symptomatic phase of apparently normal function. One hypothesis is that age-related deregulation of specific proteins within key cell types, especially motor neurons themselves, initiates disease symptom appearance and may also drive progressive degeneration. Genome-wide in vivo cell-type-specific screening tools are enabling identification of candidates for such proteins. In this minireview, we first briefly discuss the methodology used in a recent study that applied a motor neuron-specific RNASeq screening approach to a standard model of TAR DNA-binding protein-43(TDP-43)-driven amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A key finding of this study is that synaptogyrin-4 and pleckstrin homology domain-containing family B member 1 are also deregulated at the protein level within motor neurons of two unrelated mouse models of mutant TDP-43 driven amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Guided by what is known about molecular and cellular functions of these proteins and their orthologs, we outline here specific hypotheses for how changes in their levels might potentially alter cellular physiology of motor neurons and detrimentally affect motor neuron function. Where possible, we also discuss how this information could potentially be used in a translational context to develop new therapeutic strategies for this currently incurable, devastating disease.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor motor neuron disease mouse model neurodegeneration phosphatidylserine pleckstrin homology domain synaptogyrin TAR DNA-binding protein-43 vesicle transport

Stereotactic radiosurgery for haemorrhagic cerebral cavernous malformation:a multi-institutional,retrospective study

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Stroke & vascular Neurology 2024年第3期9卷 221-229,I0130,I0131页

作者： Chloe Dumot Georgios Mantziaris Sam Dayawansa Zhiyuan Xu Stylianos Pikis Selcuk Peker Yavuz Samanci Gokce D Ardor Ahmed M Nabeel Wael A Reda Sameh R Tawadros Khaled Abdelkarim Amr M N el-Shehaby Reem M emad eldin Ahmed H elazzazi Nuria Martínez Moreno Roberto MartínezÁlvarez Roman Liscak Jaromir May David Mathieu Jean-Nicolas Tourigny Manjul Tripathi Akshay Rajput Narendra Kumar Rupinder Kaur Piero Picozzi Andrea Franzini Herwin Speckter Wenceslao Hernandez Anderson Brito Ronald e Warnick Juan Alzate Douglas Kondziolka Greg N Bowden Samir Patel Jason Sheehan Department of Neurological Surgery Hospices Civils de LyonLyonFrance Department of Neurological Surgery University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Department of Neurosurgery Koc University School of MedicineIstanbulTurkey Gamma-knife Center Nasser institute HospitalCairoEgypt Neurosurgery Department Benha UniversityBenhaEgypt Departments of Neurosurgery Ain Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Clinical Oncology Ain Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer InstituteCairo UniversityGizaEgypt Faculty of Medicine Extended Modular ProgramAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Radiosurgery Rúber Internacional HospitalMadridSpain Department of Stereotactic and Radiation Neurosurgery Na Homolce HospitalPragueCzech Republic Neurosurgery Centre de recherche du CHUSUniversitéde SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecCanada Neurosurgery PGIMERChandigarhChandigarhIndia Radiation Therapy PGIMERChandigarhChandigarhIndia Neurosurgery IRCCS Istituto Clinico HumanitasRozzanoMilanItaly Dominican Gamma Knife Center and Radiology Department CEDIMATSanto DomingoDominican Republic Gamma Knife Center Mayfield ClinicThe Jewish Hospital-Mercy HealthCincinnatiOhioUSA Neurosurgery NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNew YorkUSA Neurosurgery University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada Division of Radiation Oncology Department of OncologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada

Background Cerebral cavernous malformations(CCMs)frequently manifest with *** radiosurgery(SRS)has been employed for CCM not suitable for *** effect on reducing haemorrhage risk is still *** aim of this study was to expand on the safety and efficacy of SRS for haemorrhagic *** This retrospective multicentric study included CCM with at least one haemorrhage treated with single-session *** annual haemorrhagic rate(AHR)was calculated before and after *** event analysis and Cox regression were used to evaluate factors associated with *** radiation effects(ARes)and occurrence of new neurological deficits were *** The study included 381 patients (median age:37.5 years(Q1–Q3:25.8–51.9))with 414 *** AHR from diagnosis to SRS excluding the first haemorrhage was 11.08 per 100 CCM-years and was reduced to 2.7 per 100 CCM-years after *** recurrent event analysis,SRS,HR 0.27(95%CI 0.17 to 0.44),ped with a decreased risk of haemorrhage,and the presence of developmental venous anomaly(DvA)with an increased risk,HR 1.60(95%CI 1.07 to 2.40),p=*** cumulative risk of first haemorrhage after SRS was 9.4%(95%CI 6%to 12.6%)at 5 years and 15.6%(95%CI%9 to 21.8%)at 10 *** doses>13 Gy,HR 2.27(95%CI 1.20 to 4.32),p=0.012 and the presence of DvA,HR 2.08(95%CI 1.00 to 4.31),p=0.049 were factors associated with higher probability of post-SRS ***-SRS haemorrhage was symptomatic in 22 out of 381(5.8%)patients,presenting with transient(15/381)or permanent(7/381)neurological *** occurred in 11.1%(46/414)CCM and was responsible for transient neurological deficit in 3.9%(15/381)of the patients and permanent deficit in 1.1%(4/381)of the *** doses>13 Gy and CCM volume>0.7 cc were associated with increased risk of ARe.

关键词： doses haemorrhagic diagnosis

Analyzing neural degeneration of the retina with connectomics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 113-114页

作者： Charles L.Zucker John e.Dowling Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA

electron microscopy(eM)provides a unique ability to visualize structural detail with a resolution orders of magnitude better than other imaging *** conventionally,its limitation is that each acquired image represents a small area with a section thickness significantly less than 100 ***,techniques have been developed that allow thousands of relatively large serial-sections to be collected and efficiently imaged at full eM resolution,with the images then being stitched back together to produce a 3D volume.

关键词： neural image Applied

Real-time fluorescent quantitative immuno-PCR method for determination of fluoranthene in water samples with a molecular beacon

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2010年第5期22卷 796-800页

作者： Qiyan Ye Huisheng Zhuang Chun Zhou Qiong'e Wang College of environmental Science and engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China School of environmental Science and engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Donghua University Shanhai 201620 China

A reliable and sensitive competitive real-time fluorescent quantitative immuno-PCR （RTFQ-IPCR） assay using a molecular beacon was developed for the determination of trace fluoranthene （FL） in the *** optimized assay conditions,FL can be determined in the concentration range from 1 fg/mL to 100 ng/mL,with y=0.194x ＋ 7.859,and a correlation coefficient of 0.967 was identified,with a detection limit of 0.6 fg/*** water samples were successfully analyzed,recovery was between 90% and 116%,with intra-day relative standard deviation （RSD） of 6.7%-12.8% and inter-day RSD of 8.4%-15.2%.The results obtained from RTFQ-IPCR were confirmed by eLISA,showing good accuracy and suitability to analyze FL in field *** a highly sensitive method,the molecular beacon-based RTFQ-IPCR is acceptable and promising for providing reliable test results to make environmental decisions.

关键词： fluoranthene real-time fluorescent quantitative irnmuno-PCR molecular beacon