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Infectious causation of chronic disease:examining the relationship between Giardia lamblia infection and irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第34期13卷 4574-4578页

作者： Alice S Penrose eden v Wells Allison e Aiello Preventive Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2029 United States Michigan Department of Community Health Lansing MI United States Department of epidemiology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2029 United States

AIM: To evaluate whether a higher prevalence of Giardia lamblia infection is associated with an increase in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) prescriptions at the county level in Michigan. MeTHODS: The Michigan Disease Surveillance System (MDSS) was used to ascertain both the numbers of Giardia lamblia infections as well as the total number of foodborne illnesses per population by county in Michigan during 2005. This was compared with Blue Cross Blue Shield (BCBS) of Michigan numbers of drug prescriptions for IBS per one thousand members per county in 2005. These data were also analyzed for associations with per capita income by county and the number of refugees entering each county in 2005. ReSULTS: There were a total of 786 confirmed cases of Giardia lamblia reported to MDSS in 2005. During the same time period, the number of prescriptions for IBS varied from 0.5 per 1000 members up to 6.0 per 1000 members per month. There was no trend towards higher numbers of IBS prescriptions in the counties with more Giardia lamblia infections. Per capita income was not associated with e.the. IBS prescriptions or Giardiasis. There was a significant linear association between the number of refugees entering each county, and the number of Giardia lamblia cases per 100 000 population. CONCLUSION: In this ecological study, there was no association found between BCBS prescriptions for IBS and Giardia lamblia infections in Michigan counties. Our findings may have been influenced by the disparate number of refugees admitted per county.

关键词： Foodborne Gastrointestinal Giardia lamblia Irritable bowel syndrome Parasite Prescription Refugees

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Dynamic magnetic hysteresis in a liquid suspension of acicular maghemite particles

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Particuology 2009年第6期7卷 451-458页

作者： Bronislav e.Kashevsky Sergey B.Kashevsky Igor v.Prokhorov A.v.Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute Belarus Academy of SciencesP.Brovka str.15Minsk 220072Belarus

This paper presents theoretical and experimental studies on the magnetodynamics and energy absorption in a dilute suspension of small ferromagnetic particles with magnetic hysteresis and mechanical mobility in an AC magnetic field. experiments with 0.1% suspensions of acicular particles of gamma ferric oxide in solid and liquid matrices, subjected to a 430 Hz magnetic field with an intensity of up to 1200 Oe, revealed important role of particle mobility. The main qualitative and quantitative features of the phenomenon are in agreement with a model of joint magneto-mechanical dynamics of particles with a chain-of-spheres mode of incoherent magnetic reversal.

关键词： High-coercive magnetic particles Magnetic suspensions Dynamic magnetic hysteresis

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Development of Biocomposites of MCC extracted From Non-Wood Sources

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第11期7卷 1109-1119页

作者： T.Dipin T.v.Jinitha e.Purushothaman Department of Chemistry University of CalicutMalappuramKerala673635India

The present work mainly focuses on the estimation of various components and the extraction of microcrystalline cellulose(MCC)from non-wood sources like Country Almond/Badam shell through acid *** hydrolyzed MCC was successfully used as reinforcement for development of *** Almond/Badam trees are found all over Kerala,India and they give nuts once in a *** the nut shells are discarded and are becoming one of the sources of agricultural *** this investigation various components were isolated from the Country Almond shells and they were characterised using different spectral and analytical techniques thereby the composition of Country Almond shells was successfully determined for the first *** properties of MCC especially the crystalline nature depends on the source from which is ***-IR spectra give evidence for the chemical structure of *** of MCC was evidenced from scanning electron *** electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy reveal the agglomerated bundles of particles and rough surface of *** extracted MCC was found to contain Cellulose I and Cellulose II polymorphs,and this was confirmed from the X-ray diffraction(XRD)*** MCC extracted from Country Almond shells has reasonably good thermal *** casting method was adopted for the development of green composite of Poly(vinyl alcohol)reinforced with MCC extracted from Country Almond *** mechanical property of developed composites has been enhanced by the addition of *** dispersion of MCC in the PvA matrix and flocculation of MCC significantly influence.the.mechanical strength.

关键词： Country almond/Badam shell microcrystalline cellulose bio composites

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Magnetic susceptibility of Al_2Re compounds in crystal and liquid states

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Journal of Rare earths 2011年第8期29卷 768-771页

作者： N.S. Uporova S.A. Uporov v.e. Sidorov Ural State Pedagogical University

Magnetic susceptibility of Al2Re （Re=Y, Ce, Sm, Gd, Dy, Ho, Yb） compounds was studied experimentally in wide temperature （T=290–2000 K） and field （B=0.3–1.3 T） intervals. The abnormal increase in susceptibility beginning above.the.melting point was fixed for all the compositions. The values for the effective magnetic moments per Re atoms in these compounds were found to be smaller than the values typical for free ions Re3＋. The results were discussed in supposition of the directed bonds between aluminum and rare-earth atoms.

关键词： Al2Re intermetallic compounds magnetic susceptibility rare earths

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Audio-frequency heating of particulate magnetic systems

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China Particuology 2007年第1期5卷 84-92页

作者： B.e. Kashevsky I.v. Prokhorov S.B. Kashevsky A.v. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute Belarus Academy of Sciences P. Brovka str. 15 Minsk 220072 Belarus

This paper presents theoretical and experimental studies on the magnetodynamics and energy dissipation in suspensions of small ferromagnetic particles with magnetic hysteresis and mechanical mobility in an AC magnetic field. energy absorption by particles suspended in a solid, liquid or gas environment and subjected to high frequency magnetic fields is of great interest for cancer treatment by hype.the.mia, chemical technology, biotechnology and smart materials science. Sub-micron needle-like γ-Fe2O3 particles dispersed in liquid were subjected in this study to a 430 Hz magnetic field with an intensity of up to 10^5 A/m. Dynamic magnetization loops were measured in parallel to the energy dissipated in the samples. Combined magnetomechanical dynamics of particle dispersions was simulated by using a chain-of-spheres model allowing for incoherent magnetic field reversal. In liquid dispersions, within the kilohertz frequency range, the mechanical mobility of particles does not interfere with their hysteretic magnetic reversal that makes heat release comparable to that observed with solids; for instance, in the present study using γ-Fe2O3 particles in liquid subjected to 10^4 Hz field exhibited heat release rates from 250 up to 600W oer 1 cm^3 of the dry oarticle content.

关键词： AC magnetic field Particulate materials Audio-frequency heating

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Juvenile survival curves in a solitary ground squirrel with a prolonged hibernation:effects of individual characteristics,environment,and maternal investment

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 13-23页

作者： Nina A.vasilieva Liudmila e Savinetskaya Andrey v.Tchabovsky A.N.Severtsov Institute of ecology and evolution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119071Russia

Juvenile survival is a key life-history influence on population dynamics and adaptive *** analyzed the effects of individual chara-cteristics,early environment,and maternal investment on juvenile survival in a large solitary hibernating rodent-yellow ground squirrel Spermophilus fulvus using Cox mixed-effects *** 48%of weaned pups survived to dispersal and 17%survived to *** life expectancy was primarily determined by individual characteristics and,to a lesser extent,by the early *** strongest and pos-itive predictor of juvenile survival was body mass which crucially affected mortality immediately after *** suffered higher mortality than females after the onset of dispersal;however,the overall difference between sexes was partly masked by high rates of mortality in the first days after emergence in both *** emerged juveniles had lower life expectancy than the earliest *** overall effect of local juvenile density was *** lactation did not enhance juvenile survival:Pups nursed longer survived shorter than the young nursed for a shorter *** findings support the hypothesis that females of *** cannot effectively regulate maternal expenditures to mitigate.the.effects of unfavorable conditions on their *** strategy to deal with seasonal time constraints on life history in female *** suggests an early termination of maternal care at the cost of juvenile quality and *** female reproductive strategy corresponds to a"fast-solitary"life of folivorous desert-dwelling *** and other solitary ground squirrels with prolonged hibernation.

关键词： early-life conditions ground squirrels hibernation juvenile mortality maternal investment survival curves

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Identification of greigite in lake sediments and its magnetic significance

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Science China earth Sciences 2002年第1期45卷 81-87页

作者：胡守云 e.Appel v.Hoffmann W.Schmahl Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie Universität Tübingen Germany Institut für Mineralogie Ruhr-Universtität Bochum Germany

Detailed rock magnetic investigations and mineralogical analysis were conducted on lacustrine sediments recovered from Zoigê Basin, eastern Tibetan Plateau. Greigite, with fine and homogenous grain size, is found as a main magnetic carrier, which is suspected to be of biochemical origin. In contrast to some reports, greigite within the sediments is not oxidized even after exposure to air for a few years, which could be due to the fact that greigite is sealed by silicate.

关键词： greigite lacustrine sediments rock magnetism X-ray diffraction SeM

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Biomimetics of Campaniform Sensilla:Measuring Strain from the Deformation of Holes

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2007年第2期4卷 63-76页

作者： Julian F. v. vincent Sally e. Clift Carlo Menon Department of Mechanical engineering The University of BathBath BA2 7AYUK Advanced Concepts Team European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkThe Netherlands

We present a bio-inspired strategy for designing embedded strain sensors in space structures. In insects, the campaniform sensillum is a hole extending through the cuticle arranged such that its shape changes in response to loads. The shape change is rotated through 90° by the suspension of a bell-shaped cap whose deflection is detected by a cell beneath the cuticle. It can be sensitive to displacements of the order of 1 nm. The essential morphology, a hole formed in a plate of fibrous composite mate- rial, was modelled by Skordos et al. who showed that global deformation of the plate （which can be flat, curved or a tube） induces higher local deformation of the hole due to its locally higher compliance. Further developments reported here show that this approach can be applied to groups of holes relative to their orientation. , The morphology of the sensillum in insects suggests that greater sensitivity can be achieved by arranging several holes in a regular pattern; that if the hole is oval it can be ＂aimed＂ to sense specific strain directions; and that e.the. by controlling the shape of the hole or its relationship with other holes it can have a tuned response to dynamic strains. We investigate space applications in which novel bio-inspired strain sensors could successfully be used.

关键词： campaniform sensillum strain displacement compliance hole remote sensing fibrous composite

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Spring tube braces for seismic isolation of buildings

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earthquake engineering and engineering vibration 2017年第1期16卷 219-231页

作者： v.Karayel e.Yuksel T.Gokce F.Sahin Institute of Science and Technology Istanbul Technical University lstanbul 34469 Turkey Faculty of Civil engineering Istanbul Technical University Maslak Istanbu1 34465 Turkey

Abstract： A new low-cost seismic isolation system based on spring tube bracings has been proposed and studied at the Structural and earthquake engineering Laboratory of Istanbul Technical University. Multiple compression-type springs are positioned in a special cylindrical tube to obtain a symmetrical response in tension and compression-type axial loading. An isolation floor, which consists of pin-ended steel columns and spring tube bracings, is constructed at the foundation level or any intermediate level of the building. An experimental campaign with three stages was completed to evaluate.the.capability of the system. First, the behavior of the spring tubes subjected to axial displacement reversals with varying frequencies was determined. In the second phase, the isolation floor was assessed in the quasi-static tests. Finally, a scaled 3D steel frame was tested on the shake table using actual acceleration records. The transmitted acceleration to the floor levels is greatly diminished because of the isolation story, which effects longer period and higher damping. There are no stability and self- centering problems in the isolation floor.

关键词： seismic isolation spring tube base isolation low-cost isolation

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Colloidal forming of macroporous calcium pyrophosphate bioceramics in 3D-printed molds

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Bioactive Materials 2020年第2期5卷 309-317页

作者： Ya.Yu Filippov e.D.Orlov e.S.Klimashina P.v.evdokimov T.v.Safronova v.I.Putlayev J.v.Rau Department of Materials Science Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Institute of Mechanics Research Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscowRussia Istituto di Struttura della Materia Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(ISM-CNR)Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 10000133RomeItaly

A technique for colloidal forming of Ca2P2O7 macroporous bioceramics,based on low-pressure injection molding(LPIM)of a glycerol-water slip containing Ca2P2O7 and Ca(Н2PO4)2 into a plastic mold fabricated via FDM 3Dprinting,was *** reaction between the solid phases of the water containing slip-Ca2P2O7 and Ca(Н2PO4)2,resulting in brushite(CaHPO4·2H2O)formation,led to consolidation of the casting and preserved its complex architecture in the course of mold *** ceramics of Kelvin structure(70%macropores with the sizes from 2 up to 4 mm),based on a pre-defined composition with 10 wt%Ca(PO3)2 and sintered in liquid-phase regime,demonstrated a compressive strength of 1.4±0.1 MPa at a density of 22±2%.In vitro tests on bioactivity in SBF solution,as well as on resorption of the ceramics in model solution of citric acid,were carried out.

关键词： Bioceramics Calcium pyrophosphate Calcium metaphosphate Colloidal forming 3D-printing Kelvin structure

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