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Intraguild niche partitioning in granivorous birds from the late past

Avian Research 2023年第1期14卷 70-77页

作者： Ana B.navarro Juliano A.Bogoni Marcelo Z.Moreira Luís F.silveira Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de sāo Paulo Secāo de AvesAvNazaré48104263-000São PauloSPBrazil Universidade de sāo Paulo Escola Superior de Agricultura"Luiz de Queiroz"Departamento de Ciências FlorestaisLaboratório de EcologiaManejo e Conservacāo de Fauna Silvestre(LEMaC)Av.Pádua Dias 1113418-900PiracicabaSPBrazil Universidade de sāo Paulo Centro de Energia Nuclear na AgriculturaLaboratório de Ecologia IsotópicaAv.Centenário 30313416-903PiracicabaSPBrazil

niche partitioning is a widespread ecological strategy within trophic guilds,ensuring the coexistence of sympatric species by reducing interspecific *** isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen and isotopic niche metrics(width and overlap)are used as a proxy to investigate niche partitioning among species of a *** our study,we investigated if niche partitioning was an ecological mechanism contributing to the coexistence of granivorous birds from the same geographic region along time,employing an isotopic *** sampled and isotopically analyzed(δ^(13)C andδ^(15)n values)wing feathers from 58 specimens of granivorous birds collected between 1900 and 1966 in southeastern *** grouped birds according to the main habitat type used by them(forest:Cyanoloxia brissonii,Leptotila and Leptotila verreauxi;and grassland:Columbina squammata and sicalis flaveola).We used the Isotopic Richness(IRic)metric to measure the isotopic niche width and the Isotopic similarity(Isim)and Isotopic nestedness(Ines)metrics to measure the niche overlap between groups and *** results of low isotopic niche overlap suggest that common granivorous birds had a clear niche partitioning in southeastern Brazil in the late past,especially through foraging in distinct habitat types(forest and grassland;Isim=0.1,Ines=0.2).niche overlaps in almost all species-by-species comparisons were low(Isim≤0.3,Ines≤0.4),except between *** and ***(Isim=0.6,Ines=1.0).These results suggest that these birds,belonging to the same trophic guild,coexisted through niche and resource *** being considered a plastic trophic guild,the isotopic niche partitioning among granivorous birds indicates that each of these species uses a set of specific resources and *** raises an ecological concern about the homogenization of landscapes across the neotropics,oversimplifying food resources and habitats to granivorous birds.

关键词： Atlantic forest Avian ecology Cerrado Community ecology Diet Foraging ecology Habitat use Trophic relations

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Can Brazil Become a Green Hydrogen Powerhouse?

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Journal of Power and energy engineering 2020年第11期8卷 21-32页

作者： Rafael Kelman Luana de s. Gaspar Florian s. Geyer luiz A. n. Barroso Mario V. F. Pereira PsR-energy Consulting and Analytics Rio de Janeiro Brazil Consultant of Renewable energy and Green Hydrogen MSc/VU Amsterdam and MBA in Renewables/Beuth University Berlin Germany

This paper assesses the feasibility of green hydrogen production in Brazil. By green hydrogen, it is meant the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water by consuming electricity produced by renewable sources. The... 详细信息

This paper assesses the feasibility of green hydrogen production in Brazil. By green hydrogenspan>, it is meant the hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water by consuming electricity produced by renewable sources. The country has large areas with high solar irradiation and favorable wind velocities that help to make wind power and solar PV economical alternatives. Other factors include lower investments and lower grid integration cost with respect to global average, because of the large share of hydropower. As known, hydro plants respond well to the short-term variability of renewable production. Local regulations also incentivize renewable energy. For example, it is possible, according to market rules, for a hydrogen producer to sign a financial Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) contract with a producer or trader to secure a firm,dana;"> renewable energy supply for the electrolysis process. This market-driven factor, and other key factors, such as low price of electricity, are considered in an economic feasibility model. Results from this model suggest that Brazil could become a green hydrogen powerhouse for the internal market and potential exports to Germany and other european countries.

关键词： Green Hydrogen strategy Brazil export

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Leukocyte-technetium-99m uptake in Crohn's disease:Does it show subclinical disease?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第3期16卷 365-371页

作者： Luciene G Mota luiz GV Coelho Carlos JR simal Maria LA Ferrari Clodomiro Toledo Josep Martin-Comin simone OF Diniz Valbert n Cardoso nuclear engineering Department Federal University of Minas Gerais Gastro-enterology ALFA Institute Clinical HospitalFederal University of Minas Gerais nuclear Medicine Felício Rocho HospitalMedicine FacultyFederal University of Minas Gerais Medicine nuclear Center Bellvitge Hospital Radioisotope Laboratory Pharmacy FacultyFederal University of Minas Gerais

AIM:To evaluate inflammatory activity in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) using technetium-99m-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) granulocyte ***: Twenty patients (7 male and 13 female) with CD and five healthy volunteers were selected for 99mTc-HMPAO granulocyte scintigraphy. The Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CdaI), blood tests and C-reactive protein (CRP) of each patient were performed 7 d before the scintigraphic images. The leukocytes were labeled according to the International society of Radiolabeled Blood elements (IsORBe) consensus protocol and the scintigraphic images, including single photon emission computed tomography, were obtained 30 min and 2 h after injection of the radiolabeled ***:The labeling yield of the leukocytes with the lipophilic complex 99mTc-HMPAO was 55.0%±10%. six of the 20 patients (30%) presented congruent results for the three parameters investigated (CdaI, scintigraphic Index and CRP). On the other hand, 14 patients (70%) did not show congruent results. There was no significant correlation between the indices analyzed according to the spearman test (P>0.05,n=20).COnCLUsIOn: The results suggest that 99mTc-HMPAO-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy could be important for determining inflammatory activity in CD even in the absence of clinical symptoms.

关键词： Technetium-99m Hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime Leukocytes Inflammatory bowel disease scintigraphy

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Biliary tract reconstruction using jejunal tube:an experimental study in dogs

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第2期8卷 179-185页

作者： eliane Anrain Trentini eduardo Crema Juan Carlos Llanos Mauro Masson Lerco luiz Alberto Magna luiz sergio Leonardi state University of Campinas Faculty of Medical SciencesDepartment of Surgery Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro so Paulo state University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" Faculty of Medicine of BotucatuDepartment of Surgery and Orthopedics

BACKGROUnD:To physiologically reconstruct the biliary tract,Crema et al suggested the application of the Monti principle to the biliary tract,already used in humans for the urinary *** this technique,a jejunal segment is transversely *** study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of jejunal tube interposition between the common bile duct and duodenum in ***:Thirteen dogs underwent a laparoscopic common bile duct ligature,followed by a biliodigestive connection by jejunal tube interposition after one *** levels of glutamic-pyruvic and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminases,total bilirubins,alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase were assessed before surgery and thereafter weekly until euthanasia,which was performed 6 weeks after biliodigestive ***:data on 9 dogs were analyzed *** dogs presented with obstructive jaundice after common bile duct ligature,as confirmed by biochemical *** showed a statistically significant reduction in cholestasis after biliodigestive connection by jejunal tube interposition and were healthy until the end of the ***:A statistically significant reduction was seen in total bilirubin and canalicular enzymes(alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase)in the 9 dogs 6 weeks after biliodigestive connetion by jejunal tube interposition.

关键词： biliary tract surgical procedures monti principle obstructive jaundice

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Dietary supplementation with curcumin-loaded nanocapsules in lambs:nanotechnology as a new tool for nutrition

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Animal nutrition 2021年第2期7卷 521-529页

作者： Hiam Marcon luiz G.Griss Vitor L.Molosse Bruno G.O.Cecere davi F.Alba Karoline W.Leal Gabriela M.Galli Carine F.souza Matheus D.Baldissera samanta Gundel Vitória de A.Bassotto Aline F.Ourique Marcelo Vedovatto Ale.s.ndro s.da s.lva Department of Animal science Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina(UDESC)ChapecóSCBrazil Graduate Program in Animal science UDESCChapecóSCBrazil Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Universidade Federal de Santa Maria(UFSM)RSBrazil Universidade Franscicana Santa MariaRSBrazil Graduate Program in Animal science Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso Do SulAquidauanaMSBrazil

Curcumin-containing nanocapsule powder formulations have not been used in ruminant feed to date,despite the fact that curcumin is known to be a functional food *** objective of this study was to determine whether ethyl polymethacrylate(eudragit L-100)nanocapsules loaded with curcumin(n-CU)would improve health and growth of ***-two male Lacaune lambs(body weight[BW]=16±0.99 kg;45 d of age)were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments:T0,T1,T2 and T4,representing supplementation of curcumin at 0,1,2,and 4 mg/kg concentrate,*** animals in each treatment were allocated in 4 pens of 2 lambs each(8 lambs per treatment).The experiment lasted 17 d,with samples and measurements collected on d 0,7,12,and *** T2 lambs had greater average daily gain than T0 *** analysis showed that the ideal dose of n-CU to enhance weight gain was 1.89 mg/kg *** were significant interactions(Petween treatments×time for hematological variables,particularly for increases in erythrocytes(T2)and re-ductions in counts of leukocytes,neutrophils,and lymphocytes in T1 and *** were significant interactions between treatment×time for total protein,globulin,urea,and triglyceride ***-lation of the antioxidant system was also *** were increased levels of non-protein thiols(nPsH),as well as increased activities of superoxide dismutase(sOD)and glutathione s-transferase(GsT)in the supplemented *** of reactive oxygen species(ROs)were lower in the serum of sup-plemented *** general,the 4 mg/kg dose had no positive effects on growth or *** was an unexpected result,given the known properties of *** together,these findings suggest that addition of low concentrations of nanoencapsulated curcumin(T1 and T2)in lamb feed improves health,minimizing oxidative stress and generates anti-inflammatory effects that may have contributed indi-rectly to greater weight *** potentiate the effe

关键词： Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory Curcuma longa Performance sheep

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Optimal Portfolio selection of Wind Power Plants Using a stochastic Risk-Averse Optimization Model, Considering the Wind Complementarity of the sites and a Budget Constraint

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energy and Power engineering 2020年第8期12卷 459-476页

作者： luiz A. s. Camargo Laís D. Leonel Pedro s. Rosa Dorel s. Ramos Department of Power engineering and electrical Automation University of S&#227o Paulo (USP) S&#227o Paulo Brazil

This work focuses on the best financial resources allocation to define a wind power plant portfolio, considering a set of feasible sites. To accomplish the problem formulation and solution, the first step was to establish a long-term wind series reconstruction methodology for generating scenarios of wind energy, applying it to study five different locations of the Brazilian territory. secondly, a risk-averse stochastic optimization model was implemented and used to define the optimal wind power plant selection span>that maximizes the portfolio financial results, considering an investment budget constraint. In a sequence, a case study was developed to illustrate a practical situation of applying the methodology to the portfolio selection problem, considering five wind power plants options. The casedana;"> study was supported by the proposed optimization model, using the scenarios of generation created by the reconstruction methodology. The obtained results show the model performance in terms of defining the best financial resources allocation considering the effect of the complementarity between sites, making it feasible to select the optimal set of wind power plants, characterizing a wind plant optimal portfolio that takes into account the budget constraint. The adopted methodology makes it possible to realize that the diversification of the portfolio depends on the investor risk aversion. Although applied to the Brazilian case, this model can be customized to solve a similar problem worldwide.

关键词： Wind Power Plant Portfolio selection Risk Aversion stochastic Optimiza-tion

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Mean Kinematic Characteristics of synoptic easterly Disturbances over the Atlantic

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2010年第3期27卷 483-499页

作者： Arona DIeDHIOU luiz A.T.MACHADO Henri LAURenT IRD/LTHe BP 5338041Grenoble Cedex 9France CPTeC/InPe Rod.Pdt.Dutra Cachoeira PaulistaSPBrasil

This study investigates the mean kinematic characteristics of the tropical Atlantic easterly disturbances in January-March （JFM）, April-June （AM J）, July-september （JAs） and October-December （OnD） from 1968-1998. For each se.s.n, the preferential tracks of these disturbances in the 3--10-day band periods were computed and spatialized, as well as their associated wavelength, velocity and main period, which lies between 3-5 days and between 6-9 days depending on the track and the se.s.n. Two main tracks are highlighted over the Atlantic Ocean. During OnD and JFM these two tracks are well separated and located in each hemisphere around 15°s and 12.5°n. From AMJ to JAs these tracks migrate northward; in JAs, they merge into one over the northern tropical Atlantic along 17.5°n. The associated wavelength fields exhibit a meridional gradient, with large wavelengths （greater than 4000 km） around the equator, between 5°n and 5°s, and smaller wavelengths outside of this latitude band （between 2500-3500 kin）. The phase speed is also found to exhibit poleward decre.s.ng values from 12-6 m s^-1. Over the north Atlantic track, 6-9-day disturbances were found to occur from January to May and approximately from October to December. From June to september, the 3-5-day waves dominate the.s.noptic activity. Over the south Atlantic track, between May and August the.s.noptic variability is mainly explained by the 3-5-day disturbances but from January to April and from september to December both 3-5-day waves and 6-9-day waves can occur.

关键词： synoptic activity African easterly waves tropical Atlantic

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Glutamine and glutamate supplementation raise milk glutamine concentrations in lactating gilts

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2012年第1期3卷 25-31页

作者： Helena emilia CCC Manso Helio C Manso Filho luiz e de Carvalho Marianne Kutschenko eduardo T nogueira Malcolm Watford Department of Animal sciences Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecifePE52171-900Brazil Departament of Animal sciences Federal University of CearáFortalezaCE60020-181Brazil Ajinomoto do Brazil S oPauloSP04015-001Brazil Department of nutritional sciences Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ08901USA.

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in milk, and lactation is associated with increased glutamine utilization both for milk synthesis and as a fuel for the enlarged small intestine. A number of recent studies have indicated that lactation is accompanied by a mild catabolic state in which skeletal muscle proteins are degraded to provide amino acids that are used to synthesize additional glutamine. In this study we tested the hypothesis that supplemental L-glutamine or the commercially available glutamine supplement Aminogut （2.5% by weight mixed into daily feed） provided to gilts from 30 days prior to parturition until 21 days post-parturition would prevent a decrease in skeletal muscle glutamine while incre.s.ng the glutamine content of the milk. Muscle glutamine content decreased （P 〈 0.05） in control animals during lactation but this was prevented by supplementation with either L-glutamine or Aminogut. In this study, neither lactation nor supplementation had any effect on plasma glutamine or glutamate content. Free glutamine, and the total glutamine plus glutamate concentrations in milk from the control and the Aminogut group rose （P 〈 0.05） during the first 7 days of lactation, with milk concentrations in the L-glutamine supplemented group showing a similar trend （P = 0.053）. Milk glutamate remained constant between day 7 and 21 of lactation in the control and L-glutamine supplemented groups, but by day 21 of lactation the free glutamine, glutamate, and glutamine plus glutamate concentrations in milk from Aminogut-treated gilts were higher than those of control gilts. Thus dietary glutamine supplementation can alleviate the fall in intramuscular glutamine content during lactation in gilts, and may alleviate some of the catabolic effects of lactation. Furthermore, the increased milk glutamine content in the supplemented gilts may provide optimum nutrition for piglet development.

关键词： glutamate glutamine lactation milk pig skeletal muscle

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Perioperative blood transfusion decreases long-term survival in pediatric living donor liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第12期27卷 1161-1181页

作者： Karina Gordon estela Regina Ramos Figueira Joel Avancini Rocha-Filho luiz Antonio Mondadori eduardo Henrique Giroud Joaquim Joao seda-neto eduardo Antunes da Fonseca Renata Pereira sustovitch Pugliese Agustin Moscoso Vintimilla Jose Otavio Costa Auler Jr Maria Jose Carvalho Carmona luiz Augusto Carneiro D'Alburquerque Division of Anesthesiology Hospital das ClínicasUniversity of São Paulo School of MedicineSão Paulo 05403-000Brazil Department of Anesthesiology AC Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo 01509-010Brazil Department of Gastroenterology Discipline of Liver and Gastrointestinal TransplantationLaboratory of Medical Investigations LIM37 Hospital das ClinicasUniversity of São Paulo School of MedicineSão Paulo 05402-000Brazil Department of Liver Transplantation AC Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo 01525-901Brazil Department of Gastroenterology Division of Liver and Gastrointestinal TransplantHospital das ClinicasUniversity of São Paulo School of MedicineSão Paulo 05402-000Brazil

BACKGROUnD The impact of perioperative blood transfusion on short-and long-term outcomes in pediatric living donor liver transplantation(PLDLT)must still be ascertained,mainly among young *** and surgical postoperative complications related to perioperative blood transfusion are well described up to three months after adult liver *** To determine whether transfusion is associated with early and late postoperative complications and mortality in small patients undergoing *** We evaluated the effects of perioperative transfusion on postoperative complications in recipients up to 20 kg of body weight,submitted to PLDLT.A total of 240 patients were retrospectively allocated into two groups according to postoperative complications:Minor complications(n=109)and major complications(n=131).Multiple logistic regression analysis identified the volume of perioperative packed red blood cells(RBC)transfusion as the only independent risk factor for major postoperative *** receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to identify the optimal volume of the perioperative RBC transfusion related to the presence of major postoperative complications,defining a cutoff point of 27.5 mL/***,patients were reallocated to a low-volume transfusion group(LTr;n=103,RBC≤27.5 mL/kg)and a high-volume transfusion group(HTr;n=137,RBC>27.5 mL/kg)so that the outcome could be *** High-volume transfusion was associated with an increased number of major complications and mortality during hospitalization up to a 10-year follow-up *** a short-term period,the HTr showed an increase in major infectious,cardiovascular,respiratory,and bleeding complications,with a decrease in rejection complications compared to the *** a long-term period,the HTr showed an increase in major infectious,cardiovascular,respiratory,and minor neoplastic complications,with a decrease in rejection ***,Cox hazard regr

关键词： Liver transplantation Child Blood transfusion Outcome Liver cirrhosis Mortality

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Pain inhibition through transplantation of fetal neuronal progenitors into the injured spinal cord in rats

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neural Regeneration Research 2019年第11期14卷 2011-2019页

作者： Chary M. Batista eric D. Mariano Camila s. dale Alexandre F. Cristante luiz R. Britto Jose P. Otoch Manoel J. Teixeira Matthias Morgalla Guilherme Lepski Department of neurology School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Anatomy Institute of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Physiology and Biophysics Institute of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of surgery School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of neurosurgery Eberhard-Karls UniversityTuebingenGermany Department of Psychiatry School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury(sCI) is a complex condition that responds poorly to usual treatments. Cell transplantation represents a promising therapy;nevertheless, the ideal cell type in terms of neurogenic potential and effectiveness against pain remains largely controversial. Here, we evaluated the ability of fetal neural stem cells(fnsC) to relieve chronic pain and, secondarily, their effects on motor recovery. Adult Wistar rats with traumatic sCI were treated, 10 days after injury, with intra-spinal injections of culture medium(sham) or fnsCs extracted from telencephalic vesicles(TV group) or the ventral medulla(VM group) of e/14 embryos. sensory(von Frey filaments and hot plate) and motor(the Basso, Beattie,Bresnahan locomotor rating scale and inclined plane test) assessments were performed during 8 weeks. Thereafter, spinal cords were processed for immunofluorescence and transplanted cells were quantified by stereology. The results showed improvement of thermal hyperalgesia in the TV and VM groups at 4 and 5 weeks after transplantation, respectively. Moreover, mechanical allodynia improved in both the TV and VM groups at 8 weeks. no significant motor recovery was observed in the TV or VM groups compared with sham. stereological analyses showed that ~70% of TV and VM cells differentiated into neun+ neurons,with a high proportion of enkephalinergic and GABAergic cells in the TV group and enkephalinergic and serotoninergic cells in the VM group. Our study suggests that neuronal precursors from TV and VM, once implanted into the injured spinal cord, maturate into different neuronal subtypes, mainly GABAergic, serotoninergic, and enkephalinergic, and all subtypes alleviate pain, despite no significant motor recovery. The study was approved by the Animal ethics Committee of the Medical school of the University of s?o Paulo(protocol number 033/14) on March 4, 2016.

关键词： spinal cord injuries chronic pain neural stem cells cell transplantation neuronal differentiation GABAergic neuron serotoninergic neuron enkephalinergic neuron

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