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SRAM-Based FPGA Systems for Safety-Critical Applications： A Survey on Design Standards and Proposed Methodologies

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2015年第2期30卷 373-390页

作者： Cinzia Bernardeschi luca Cassano Andrea Domenici Department of Information engineering University of Pisa Pisa 56122 Italy Dipartimento di elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria Politecnico di Milano Milano 20133 Italy

As the ASIC design cost becomes affordable only for very large-scale productions, the FPGA technology is currently becoming the leading technology for those applications that require a small-scale production. FPGAs can be considered as a technology crossing between hardware and software. only a small-number of standards for the design of safety-critical systems give guidelines and recommendations that take the peculiarities of the FPGA technology into consideration. The main contribution of this paper is an overview of the existing design standards that regulate the design and verification of FPCA-based systems in safety-critical application fields. Moreover, the paper proposes a survey of significant published research proposals and existing industrial guidelines about the topic, and collects and reports about some lessons learned from industrial and research projects involving the use of FPGA devices.

关键词： design verification electronic design safety-critical system SRAM-based FPGA

exome sequencing identifies a likely causative variant in 53%of families with ciliopathy-related features on renal ultrasound after excluding NPHP1 deletions

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 40-43页

作者： Konstantin Deutsch Verena Klambt Thomas M.Kitzler Tilman Jobst-Schwan Ronen Schneider Florian Buerger Steve Seltzsam Sherif el Desoky Jameela A.Kari Farkhanda Hafeez Maria Szczepanska Loai A.eid Hazem S.Awad Muna Al-Saffar Neveen A.Soliman Velibor Tasic Camille Nicolas-Frank Kirollos Yousef luca M.Schierbaum Sophia Schneider Abdul Halawi Izzeldin elmubarak Katharina Lemberg Shirlee Shril Shrikant M.Mane Nancy Rodig Friedhelm Hildebrandt Division of Nephrology Department of PediatricsBoston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Nephrology and Metabolic DiseasesCharite Universitatsmedizin BerlinBerlin 13353Germany Berlin Institute of Health at Charitee Universitatsmedizin Berlin BIH Biomedical Innovation AcademyBIH Charite Clinician Scientist ProgramBerlin 10178Germany Department of Nephrology and Hypertension FriedrichAlexander-Universitat Erlangen-NurnbergErlangen 91054Germany Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz UniversityPediatric Nephrology Center of ExcellenceKing Abdulaziz University HospitalJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Pediatric Nephrology The Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child HealthLahore 54000Pakistan Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medical Sciences in ZabrzeMedical University of Silesia in KatowiceKatowice 40-752Poland Dubai Hospital and Al-Jalila Children’s Specialty Hospital Kidney Center of ExcellenceDubai 4545United Arab Emirates Department of Genetics and Genomics UAE UniversityAbu Dhabi 15551United Arab Emirates Department of Pediatrics Division of Genetics and GenomicsBoston Children’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215USA Department of Pediatrics Center of Pediatric Nephrology and TransplantationKasr Al Ainy School of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine(eCRRM) Cairo 11511Egypt Medical Faculty Skopje University Children’s HospitalSkopje 1000North Macedonia Department of Genetics Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520USA

Nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies(NPHP-RC)represent one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease in the first three decades of life and are characterized by a broad genetic and clinical heterogeneity.1 To date,more than 90 genes have been identified that cause autosomalrecessive NPHP-RC if mutated,accounting for up to 60%of cases.1 Among these,homozygous deletions of NPHP1 are the most common *** genes localize to primary cilia,basal bodies,or the centrosome and lead to a primary ciliary disruption if mutated,thereby causing a broad phenotypical spectrum.1 Patients that suffer from NPHP-RC can either have an isolated renal phenotype,such as polyuria,polydipsia,decreased urinary concentration ability,and secondary enuresis due to loss of tubular function,or present with extrarenal symptoms including retinal degeneration,cerebellar vermis hypoplasia,or hepatic *** are often diagnosed in early adolescence,reaching end-stage renal disease before 25 years of age,but early onset and rapidly progressive forms of NPHP-RC also exist.1 Renal ultrasound indicates kidneys of normal or reduced renal length with increased echogenicity and corticomedullary cysts.

关键词： degeneration urinary likely

Nose and Sinus Air Flow Model

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Natural Science 2014年第10期6卷 685-690页

作者： R. De luca M. Gamerra G. Sorrentino e. Cantone Department of Neuroscience Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Science ENT Unit “Federico II” University Naples Italy Department of Physics 'e. R. Caianiello' University of Salerno Fisciano Italy Divisione di otorinolaringoiatria Ospedale “S. Leonardo”-A.S.L. NA 3 sud Castellammare di Stabia Italy

Air flow in nose and sinuses is studied by means of a simple model based on the steady-state ideal fluid flow assumption and repeated use of Bernoulli’s equation. In particular, by describing flow of air drawn in through the vestibulumnasi during inspiration, we investigate how ventilation of the maxillary sinus is affected by surgical removal of part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity close to the ostiummeatal complex. We find that, according to the model proposed, removal of tissues from this inner part of the nasal cavity may cause a decrease of the flux rate from the maxillary sinus.

关键词： Air Flow Model Nose and Sinus Bernoulli's equation

Searching for alternatives to brain regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第11期16卷 2198-2200页

作者： Chiara La Rosa luca Bonfanti Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri ottolenghi(NICo) OrbassanoItaly Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinGrugliascoItaly

Brain regeneration from an evolutionary perspective:Brain regeneration(the full restoration of tissue after loss from injury or disease)is the most sought after goal for researchers working in developmental *** also appears to be the most challenging to achieve when considering the mammalian *** remarkable regenerative capacities can be present in the central nervous systems of many non-mammalian vertebrates(e.g.,fish,amphibians),these kinds of processes appear to be dramatically reduced in mammals(Bonfanti,2011).

关键词： regeneration sought injury

optic nerve injury-induced regeneration in the adult zebrafish is accompanied by spatiotemporal changes in mitochondrial dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 219-225页

作者： An Beckers luca Masin Annelies Van Dyck Steven Bergmans Sophie Vanhunsel Anyi Zhang Tine Verreet Fabienne ePoulain Karl Farrow Lieve Moons Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research Group Animal Physiology and Neurobiology SectionDepartment of BiologyKatholieke Universiteit LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Poulain Lab Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA Neuro-electronics Research Flanders Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie(VIB)LeuvenBelgium Leuven Brain Institute LeuvenBelgium Imec LeuvenBelgium

Axonal regeneration in the central nervous system is an energy-intensive *** contrast to mammals,adult zebrafish can functionally recover from neuronal *** raises the question of how zebrafish can cope with this high energy *** previously showed that in adult zebrafish,subjected to an optic nerve crush,an antagonistic axon-dendrite interplay exists wherein the retraction of retinal ganglion cell dendrites is a prerequisite for effective axonal *** postulate a‘dendrites for regeneration’paradigm that might be linked to intraneuronal mitochondrial reshuffling,as ganglion cells likely have insufficient resources to maintain dendrites and restore axons ***,we characterized both mitochondrial distribution and mitochondrial dynamics within the different ganglion cell compartments(dendrites,somas,and axons)during the regenerative *** nerve crush resulted in a reduction of mitochondria in the dendrites during dendritic retraction,whereafter enlarged mitochondria appeared in the optic nerve/tract during axonal *** dendritic regrowth in the retina,mitochondrial density inside the retinal dendrites returned to baseline ***,a transient increase in mitochondrial fission and biogenesis was observed in retinal ganglion cell somas after optic nerve *** together,these findings suggest that during optic nerve injury-induced regeneration,mitochondria shift from the dendrites to the axons and back again and that temporary changes in mitochondrial dynamics support axonal and dendritic regrowth after optic nerve crush.

关键词： axonal regeneration central nervous system dendrite remodeling energy metabolism fission mitochondria mitochondrial trafficking optic nerve crush retina zebrafish

Multi-temporal modeling of road-induced overland flow alterations in a terraced landscape characterized by shallow landslides

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第2期10卷 240-253页

作者： luca Mauri eugenio Straffelini Paolo Tarolli Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and ForestryUniversity of PadovaAgripolisViale Dell’Università 1635020Legnaro(PD)Italy

The presence of roads in high steep agricultural systems is often linked with landslides *** research aims to model multi-temporal overland flow dynamics in a shallow landslides-prone terraced landscape(northern Italy).The combined use of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems(RPAS)and photo-grammetric techniques(e.g.,Structure from Motion-SfM)allowed to elaborate multi-temporal high-resolution Digital elevation Models(DeMs).Hydrological analyses of water flow's depth alterations due to the road presence were carried out adopting the SIMulated Water erosion model(SIMWe),focusing on different scenarios considering the presence of the road and assuming its absence through a specific DeM smoothing *** possibility to perform multi-temporal hydrological simulations at a hillslope scale so as to analyse the role played by the road in overland flows alteration is still a challenge to be *** proved the role played by the road in water flows change above the two observed shallow landslides,with respective maximum water depth values equal to 0.18 m and 0.14 *** the contrary,no-road simulations not revealed significant water flows deviations towards landslides,with water depth values around 0 m,underlining that the absence of the road would avoid relevant changes in water flow paths toward the collapsed *** work could be a solid starting point for analyse road impact on runoff dynamics and hillslopes stability also at a wider scale,as well as for planning efficient mitigation intervention so as to reduce the occurrence of similar future scenarios.

关键词： Terraced landscape Road Landslide Remote sensing DeM

Value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced ovarian cancer

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World Journal of obstetrics and Gynecology 2015年第3期4卷 64-67页

作者： Federico Coccolini Fausto Catena Roberto Manfredi Giulia Montori Jennifer e Manegold luca Ansaloni General and emergency Surgery Department Papa Giovanni ⅩⅩⅢ Hospital emergency Surgery Department David Geffen School of Medicine University of California

Data regarding the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT) are not definitive. Several randomized trials and meta-analyses demonstrate that this chemotherapy regimen decreases the morbidity and mortality rates and increases complete cytoreduction rates. If combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPeC), NACT could potentially further improve upon these already promising results. Moreover the use of NACT could help in evaluating the chemo-sensitivity of the cancer, thus preventing unnecessary HIPeC procedures in chemo-resistant patients. NACT should definitely be considered as a preferred regimen in the management of advanced ovarian cancer, especially in association with cytoreductive surgery + HIPeC procedure in the context of a multidisciplinary team management in an experienced cancer centre.

关键词： epithelial ovarian cancer Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemo-therapy Treatment oncology Cytoreductive surgery

optimal dual antiplatelet therapy strategy in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第3期18卷 210-218页

作者： Monica Verdoia Rocco Gioscia Giuseppe De luca Cardiologia e UnitàCoronarica Ospedale degli InfermiASL BiellaItaly/Division of CardiologyAzienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria“Maggiore della Carità”Universitàdel Piemonte OrientaleNovaraItaly

one out of three hospitalizations for acute coronary syndrome(ACS)involve nowadays elderly patients,carrying together a significant burden of comorbidities and a higher risk of *** particular,both ischemic and haemorrhagic risk are markedly enhanced in advanced age,and strictly interconnected,challenging the management of dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT)in these *** recent development of several therapeutic options in terms of duration and combination of antiplatelet agents have offered a wider spectrum of opportunities for a more individualized approach in the management of DAPT after an ACS,although the criteria for the selection of the most appropriate strategy in each patient still lack *** particular,dose-adjustment,early aspirin discontinuation,laboratory-driven tailoring and shorter or extended DAPT have been addressed with promising safety and efficacy *** present review provides an updated overview on the emerging evidencefrom randomized clinical trials and subanalyses dedicated to the management of DAPT in elderly patients presenting with ACS.

关键词： patients coronary markedly

Geological,Structural and Mineralogical Approach to Investigate the evolution of Low-and very Low-Grade Metamorphic Units from the Intra-Pontide Suture Zone,Central Pontides,Turkey

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Journal of earth Science 2021年第6期32卷 1512-1527页

作者： Alessandro ellero Chiara Frassi Mehmet Cemal Göncüoğlu Marco Lezzerini Michele Marroni Giuseppe ottria luca Pandolfi Kaan Sayit Marco Tamponi Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse-CNR Via G.Moruzzi 156124PisaItaly Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Universitàdi PisaVia S.Maria 5356126PisaItaly Department of Geological engineering Middle East Technical University06800AnkaraTurkey

A multidisciplinary approach combining multiscale geological-structural analyses(from field to microscale) and clay mineral transformations(clay mineralogy, illite and chlorite "crystallinity" and b cell dimension(b_(0)) of K-white mica) was adopted to unravel the tectono-metamorphic evolution of low-and very low-grade tectono-metamorphic units from the Intra-Pontide suture zone in northern Turkey. The mineralogical study allowed to better evaluate the structural stacking outlined during the geological mapping, leading to distinguish three tectono-metamorphic units, two in epizone(Daday and emirkoy units) and one in anchizone(Cifter Unit) metamorphic conditions. The mesostructural and microstructural analyses suggest a polyphase tectonic-metamorphic evolution. The different macroscopic features observed between the two units characterized by the same epizone metamorphism, can be justified by the evidence that these metamorphic conditions were acquired during the last stages of exhumation in the Daday Unit, while they constrained the metamorphic-peak conditions in the emirkoy Unit. Contemporary analyses and comparison between structural and mineralogical data have thus proven to be a powerful tool to investigate the low-grade and very low-grade metamorphic environments, allowing at the same time to solve the apparent contradictions deriving from the mineralogical study and to significantly improve the detail of the geological mapping in the field.

关键词： clay minerals structural analyses low-temperature metamorphism epizone anchizone diagenesis Intra-Pontide suture zone Turkey