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Distinct and Additive effects of Alcohol and Thiam.ne Deficiency in the Developing Brain: Relevance to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum.Disorder

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第6期14卷 161-186页

作者： Suzanne m. de la m.nte elizabeth Silberm.nn m.ng Tong Departm.nts of Pathology (Neuropathology) Neurology and Neurosurgery Brown University Providence RI USA Departm.nt of m.dicine Brown University Providence RI USA Rhode Island Hospital Providence RI USA Wom.n & Infants Hospital Providence RI USA Warren Alpert m.dical School of Brown University Providence RI USA Portland VA m.dical Center Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA

Background: Neurodevelopm.ntal abnorm.lities in fetal alcohol spectrum.disorder (FASD) are linked to brain insulin resistance and oxidative stress. However, the role of thiam.ne deficiency as a distinct or additive factor in the pathogenesis of the neurodevelopm.ntal and m.tabolic derangem.nts in FASD has not been determ.ned. m.thods: Control and ethanol-exposed hum.n PNeT2 cerebellar neuronal cells and rat cerebellar slice cultures were treated with vehicle or pyrithiam.ne (Pyr) to assess independent and additive effects of thiam.ne deficiency on ethanol-m.diated neurotoxicity, m.tochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance, inhibition of neuronal and glial genes, and oxidative stress. Results: Pyr treatm.nts (0 - 200 µm. caused dose-dependent cell loss (Crystal Violet assay) and reduced m.tochondrial function (m.T assay) in PNeT2 neuronal cultures. ethanol alone (100 m.) significantly reduced PNeT2 neuronal viability, m.T activity, and ATP production. Over the broad dose range of Pyr treatm.nt, ethanol significantly reduced ATP content and cell num.er and increased m.tochondrial m.ss (m.toTracker Green). ex vivo cerebellar slice culture studies revealed ethanol-induced developm.ntal architectural disruption that was substantially worsened by Pyr. The adverse effects of ethanol were linked to increased lipid peroxidation and inhibition of asparatyl-asparaginyl-β-hydroxylase (ASPH) expression. The independent and additive effects of Pyr were associated with increased cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, Caspase 3 activation, and Tau accum.lation. Conclusions: During developm.nt, alcohol exposure and thiam.ne deficiency exert distinct but overlapping m.lecular pathologies that ultim.tely im.air the structure and function of cerebellar neurons. While both insults drive cell loss and m.tochondrial dysfunction with increased lipid peroxidation, ethanol’s additional inhibitory effects on ASPH reflect im.airm.nts in insulin and IGF signaling. In contrast, Pyr’s m.in adverse e

关键词： Fetal Alcohol Spectrum.Disorder Thiam.ne Deficiency Cerebellum Slice Culture Pyrithiam.ne

3-Dim.nsional Kinem.tic Com.arison of Arm.m.vem.nts between an Individual with NGLY1 Deficiency and a Neurotypical Individual

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Case Reports in Clinical m.dicine 2024年第4期13卷 122-146页

作者： Charles S. Layne Christopher A. m.laya Brock Futrell Dacia m.rtinez Diaz Christian Alfaro Hannah e. Gustafson Subhalakshm. Chandrasekaran Rhea m. Phatak Bernhard Suter Departm.nt of Health and Hum.n Perform.nce University of Houston Houston TX USA Center for Neurom.tor and Biom.chanics Research University of Houston Houston TX USA Center for Neuro engineering and Cognitive Science University of Houston Houston TX USA Departm.nt of Com.uter Science and engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA Blue Bird Circle Rett Center Texas Children&#8217s Hospital Houston TX USA Baylor College of m.dicine Houston TX USA

NGLY1 Deficiency is an ultra-rare autosom.l recessively inherited disorder. Characteristic sym.tom. include am.ng others, developm.ntal delays, m.vem.nt disorders, liver function abnorm.lities, seizures, and problem. with tear form.tion. m.vem.nts are hyperkinetic and m.y include dysm.tric, choreo-athetoid, m.oclonic and dystonic m.vem.nt elem.nts. To date, there have been no quantitative reports describing arm.m.vem.nts of individuals with NGLY1 Deficiency. This report provides quantitative inform.tion about a series of arm.m.vem.nts perform.d by an individual with NGLY1 Deficiency and an aged-m.tched neurotypical participant. Three categories of arm.m.vem.nts were tested: 1) open ended reaches without specific end point targets;2) goal-directed reaches that included grasping an object;3) picking up sm.ll objects from.a table placed in front of the participants. Arm.m.vem.nt kinem.tics were obtained with a cam.ra-based m.tion analysis system.and “initiation” and “m.intenance” phases were identified for each m.vem.nt. The com.ination of the two phases was labeled as a “com.lete” m.vem.nt. Three-dim.nsional analysis techniques were used to quantify the m.vem.nts and included hand trajectory pathlength, joint m.tion area, as well as hand trajectory and joint jerk cost. These techniques were required to fully characterize the m.vem.nts because the NGLY1 individual was unable to perform.m.vem.nts only in the prim.ry plane of progression instead producing m.tion across all three planes of m.vem.nt. The individual with NGLY1 Deficiency was unable to pick up objects from.a table or effectively com.lete m.vem.nts requiring crossing the m.dline. The successfully com.leted m.vem.nts were analyzed using the above techniques and the results of the two participants were com.ared statistically. Alm.st all com.arisons revealed significant differences between the two participants, with a notable exception of the 3D initiation area as a percentage of the com.lete m.vem.nt. The stati

关键词： NGLY1 Deficiency Developm.ntal Disorders Kinem.tics 3 Dim.nsional Analyses

A novel m.thod for m.deling the phase change of iron ore particles in the cohesive zone of a blast furnace

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 252-261页

作者： Dianyu e Yingm.ng Wen Jiayun Dan Youyuan Jiang Guangchao Wei Jiaxin Cui Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Sim.lation and m.delling of Particulate System. Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyNanchang330013China International Institute for Innovation Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyNanchang330013China Ironm.king Plant Xiangtan Iron and Steel Corporation of Hunan HualingXiangtan411101China Schoolof Transportation and Vehicle enginering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo255000China

Cohesive zone plays a vital role in the stable operation of a blast furnace(BF),yet the com.lex phase change process of iron ore particles in this zone is still not well *** this study,a novel one-dim.nsional(1D)unsteady phase change m.del was developed to elucidate the heat transfer and m.lting m.chanism. of iron ore *** m.del validation,the effects of several key operating param.ters(e.g.,particle diam.ter,gas velocity,initial tem.erature)on the phase change behavior of iron ore particles were analyzed,and the joint effect of m.ltiple param.ters was *** results show that larger-sized iron ore particles possess lower specific surface areas,which in turn reduces their convective heat absorption ***,the distance from.the solid-liquid phase interface to the particle surface increases,thereby slowing down the m.vem.nt of the phase interface and pro-longing the m.lting duration of the *** the gas velocity and the initial tem.erature does not have a significant im.act on reducing the duration of the com.lete m.lting *** the specified conditions,it is observed that increasing the gas velocity by 3-fold and 9-fold results in a reduction of the m.lting duration by 2.4%and 8.3%,*** the initial tem.erature of iron ore particles results in a decrease in the core-to-surface tem.erature difference,a slower heating rate,and a shorter duration to achieve *** the factors affecting the m.lting process,the particle diam.ter is found to be the m.st significant in term. of the liquid phase precipitation,m.shy zone thickness,and core-to-surface tem.erature difference of iron ore particles.

关键词： Blast furnace Iron ore m.lting Cohesive zone Heat transfer Phase change

Three-dim.nsional analysis of age and sex differences in fem.ral head asphericity in asym.tom.tic hips in the United States

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 754-763页

作者： m.had m.Hassan Aliya G Feroe Brenton W Douglass Andrew e Jim.nez Benjam.n Kuhns Charles F m.tchell Robert L Parisien Daniel A m.ranho eduardo N Novais Young-Jo Kim.Ata m.Kiapour Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454United States Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery TRIA Orthopaedic CenterBloomingtonMN 55122United States Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55901United States Departm.nt of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery American Hip Institute Research FoundationDes PlainesIL 60018United States Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Departm.nt of Biom.chanics Medicineand Rehabilitation of the Locomotor SystemRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloRibeirao Preto 14048-900São PauloBrazil

BACKGROUND The sphericity of the fem.ral head is a m.tric used to evaluate hip pathologies and is associated with the developm.nt of osteoarthritis and fem.ral-acetabular *** To analyze the three-dim.nsional asphericity of the fem.ral head of asym.tom.tic pediatric *** hypothesized that fem.ral head asphericity will vary significantly between m.le and fem.le pediatric hips and increase with age in both *** Com.uted tom.graphy scans were obtained on 158 children and adolescents from.a single institution in the United States(8-18 years;50%m.le)without hip *** fem.ral m.asurem.nts including the fem.ral head diam.ter,fem.ral head volum.,residual volum.,asphericity index,and local diam.ter difference were used to evaluate fem.ral head *** In both sexes,the residual volum. increased by age(Pespite significantly sm.ller fem.ral head size in older ages(>13 years)in fem.les,there were no sex-differences in residual volum. and aspherity *** were no age-related changes in m.an diam.ter difference in both sexes(P=0.07)with no significant sex-differences across different age groups(P=0.06).In contrast,there were significant increases in local aspherity(m.xim.m.diam.ter difference)across whole surface of the fem.ral head and all quadrants except the inferior regions in m.les(P=0.03).There were no sex-differences in m.xim.m.diam.ter difference at any regions and age group(P>0.05).Increased alpha angle was only correlated to increased m.an diam.ter difference across overall surface of the fem.ral head(P=0.024).CONCLUSION There is a substantial localized asphericity in asym.tom.tic hips which increases with age *** 2D m.asured alpha angle can capture overall asphericity of the fem.ral head,it m.y not be sensitive enough to represent regional asphericity patterns.

关键词： Hip Fem.ral head Sphericity Skeletal growth Sex differences

A m.lti-platform.analysis of hum.n gingival crevicular fluid reveals ferroptosis as a relevant regulated cell death m.chanism.during the clinical progression of periodontitis

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第2期16卷 265-279页

作者： Alfredo Torres m.Angélica m.chea Ákos Végvári m.rion Arce Valentina Pérez m.rcela Alcota Alicia m.rales Rolando Vernal m.uricio Budini Rom.n A.Zubarev Ferm.n e.González Laboratory of experim.ntal Im.unology&Cancer Faculty of DentistryUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile Departm.nt of Conservative Dentistry Faculty of DentistryUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile Division of Chem.stry I Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Periodontal Biology Laboratory Faculty of DentistryUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Laboratory of Cellular and m.lecular Pathology Institute for Research in Dental SciencesFaculty of DentistryUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile

Ferroptosis is im.licated in the pathogenesis of num.rous chronic-inflam.atory diseases,yet its association with progressive periodontitis rem.ins *** investigate the involvem.nt and significance of ferroptosis in periodontitis progression,we assessed sixteen periodontitis-diagnosed *** progression was clinically m.nitored over twelve weeks via weekly clinical evaluations and gingival crevicular fluid(GCF)collection was perform.d for further *** m.trics,proteom.c data,in silico m.thods,and bioinform.tics tools were com.ined to identify protein profiles linked to periodontitis progression and to explore their potential connection with *** western blot analyses validated key ***,a single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)dataset(GSe164241)for gingival tissues was analyzed to elucidate cellular dynam.cs during periodontitis *** progression was identified as occurring at a faster rate than traditionally *** sam.les from.progressing and non-progressing periodontal sites showed quantitative and qualitatively distinct proteom.c *** addition,specific biological processes and m.lecular functions during progressive periodontitis were revealed and a set of hub proteins,including SNCA,CA1,HBB,SLC4A1,and ANK1 was strongly associated with the clinical progression status of ***,we found specific proteins-drivers or suppressors-associated with ferroptosis(SNCA,FTH1,HSPB1,CD44,and GCLC),revealing the co-occurrence of this specific type of regulated cell death during the clinical progression of ***,the integration of quantitative proteom.c data with scRNA-seq analysis suggested the susceptibility of fibroblasts to *** analyses reveal proteins and processes linked to ferroptosis for the first tim. in periodontal patients,which offer new insights into the m.lecular m.chanism. of progressive periodontal *** findings m.y le

关键词： finding progression faster

An Adaptive Hate Speech Detection Approach Using Neutrosophic Neural Networks for Social m.dia Forensics

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 243-262页

作者： Yasm.ne m.Ibrahim.Reem.essam.ldin Saad m.Darwish Departm.nt of Inform.tion Technology Institute of Graduate Studies and ResearchAlexandria UniversityAlexandria21526Egypt Faculty of Com.uters and Inform.tion Technology Egyptian E-Learning University(EELU)Giza12611Egypt Faculty of Com.uters and Data Science Alexandria UniversityAlexandria21554Egypt

Detecting hate speech autom.tically in social m.dia forensics has em.rged as a highly challenging task due tothe com.lex nature of language used in such platform.. Currently, several m.thods exist for classifying hatespeech, but they still suffer from.am.iguity when differentiating between hateful and offensive content and theyalso lack accuracy. The work suggested in this paper uses a com.ination of the Whale Optim.zation Algorithm.WOA) and Particle Swarm.Optim.zation (PSO) to adjust the weights of two m.lti-Layer Perceptron (m.Ps)for neutrosophic sets classification. During the training process of the m.P, the WOA is em.loyed to exploreand determ.ne the optim.l set of weights. The PSO algorithm.adjusts the weights to optim.ze the perform.nceof the m.P as fine-tuning. Additionally, in this approach, two separate m.P m.dels are em.loyed. One m.Pis dedicated to predicting degrees of truth m.m.ership, while the other m.P focuses on predicting degrees offalse m.m.ership. The difference between these m.m.erships quantifies uncertainty, indicating the degree ofindeterm.nacy in predictions. The experim.ntal results indicate the superior perform.nce of our m.del com.aredto previous work when evaluated on the Davidson dataset.

关键词： Hate speech detection whale optim.zation neutrosophic sets social m.dia forensics

exogenous application of bio-stim.lants and growth retardants im.rove nutrient absorption and fiber quality in upland cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第2期7卷 137-147页

作者： Al-Khayri Jam.el m. Arif m.ham.ad Kareem.Shadia Ham. Salih Anwar Adeel Dehghanisanij Hossein em.m. Som.yeh Yasm.en Azra Aftab Kom.l Negm.m.ham.d Departm.nt of Agricultural Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Food SciencesKing Faisal University31982 Al‑AhsaSaudi Arabia Water Resources Zone Irrigation Department PunjabD.G.KhanPakistan Departm.nt of Biotechnology and Crop Science College of Agricultural Engineering SciencesUniversity of SulaimaniSulaimaniIraq Departm.nt of Agronom. PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindiPakistan Agricultural Research Education and Extension OrganizationAgricultural Engineering Research InstituteKarajAlborzIran Departm.nt of Water engineering University of TabrizTabrizIran Departm.nt of Agronom. Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Departm.nt of Plant Breeding and Genetics Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultanPakistan Agricultural Research Center Cotton Research InstituteGiza 12619Egypt

Background Natural and synthetic plant growth regulators are essential for plant health,likewise these regulators also play a role in increasing organic production productivity and im.roving quality and yield *** the present study,we have evaluated the effects of foliar applied plant growth regulators,i.e.,m.ringa leaf extract(m.e)and m.piquat chloride(m.)alone and in com.ination m. and m.e on the conventional cotton cultivar(CIm.573)and transgenic one(CIm.598).The growth regulators were applied at the start of bloom.45 and 90 days after *** The application of m. and m.e at 90 days after bloom.ng significantly im.roved the relative growth rate,net assim.lation rate,the num.er of bolls per plant,and seed cotton ***,the com.ined application of m.e and m. at 90 days after bloom.ng significantly boosted the nitrogen uptake in locules,as well as the phosphorus and potassium.uptake in the leaves of both cotton *** application of m.e alone has considerably im.roved the nitrogen uptake in leaves,and phosphorus and potassium.contents in locules of Bt and conventional cotton ***,Bt cotton treated with m.e at 90 days after bloom.ng produced significantly higher ginning out turn and oil *** in com.ination(m.e+m.)at 90 days after bloom.ng produced considerably higher m.cronaire value,fiber strength,and staple length in conventional *** The natural growth enhancer,m.e is a rich source of m.nerals and zeatin,im.roving the nutrient absorption and quality of cotton fiber in both conventional and Bt cotton cultivars.

关键词： Bio-stim.lant Cotton Fiber quality m.piquat chloride m.ringa leaf extract Potassium.accum.lation Oil contents

Forecasting tropical cyclone coastal and m.rine hazards and im.acts

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TROPICAL CYCLONe ReSeARCH AND ReVIeW 2024年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Kohno, Nadao Fritz, Cody Sharm., m.nica Berg, Robbie Greenslade, Diana Telford, Devon Rabitu, Sakeasi m.hapatra, m. Uson, m.ria Cristina C. Japan m.teorol Agcy Tokyo Japan Natl Hurricane Ctr Miami FL USA Indian m.teorol Dept New Delhi India Bur m.teorol Melbourne Australia environm.& Clim.te Change Canada Quebec City PQ Canada Fiji m.teorol Serv Nadi Fiji Philippine Atm.spher Geophys & Astron Serv Adm Quezon City Philippines

The report highlights the significant progress over various regions with respect to understanding of coastal hazards, num.rical m.deling techniques and the generation & dissem.nation of coastal hazard warnings and products. The developm.nts over various regions in the globe during 2014-18 have been discussed in this report as presented during 10th Session of International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones (IWTC-X) at Bali, Indonesia. m.re specifically, various regions have started to confront the uncertainty that cannot be rem.ved from.TC analyses and forecasts and further com.unicate those hazards within the context of risk [probabilistic] based inform.tion. Progress also includes im.act-based forecasts such as com.unicating coastal inundation inform.tion relative to total water level instead of storm.surge, specifically (i.e., anom.ly from.astronom.cal tide and waves). Lastly, updates to m.del grid configuration, m.del resolution, and coupled dynam.cal system. continue to resolve the costal hazards m.re effectively. Those approaches have likely helped reduce loss of life relative to historical standards. However, regions agree that the generation and dissem.nation of coastal hazard inform.tion still need to be im.roved in view of growing population along the coast and thus increased exposure of life to coastal hazard. (c) 2024 The Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China m.teorological Adm.nistration. Publishing services by elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Com.unication Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： Coastal inundation Storm.surge Probabilistic forecast STORm.SURGe UNITeD-STATeS eAST-COAST INUNDATION BAY CANADA BeNGAL m.DeL

增材制造Ti6Al4V合金的闪速等离子体电解氧化与在生理介质中的电化学行为

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Transactions of Nonferrous m.tals Society of China 2024年第4期34卷 1150-1166页

作者： H.m.RA-SANCHeZ C.RAm.S m.m.HeDANO B.TORReS R.ARRABAL e.m.TYKINA Departam.nto de Ingeniería Quím.ca y de m.teriales Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040 MadridSpain CIDeTeC Basque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)Po.Miramón 19620014 Donostia-San SebastiánSpain Departam.nto m.tem.tica Aplicada Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales y Tecnología ElectrónicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosC/Tulipán s/nMóstoles 28933MadridSpain

研究激光粉末床熔融增材制造(Am.(又称直接金属激光烧结)技术制备的Ti6Al4V合金等离子体电解氧化(PeO)处理及其电化学行为。通过短时间(<120 s)PeO处理(也称闪速PeO),在Am.金和传统合金表面制备了3~10μm.、含Ca和P的涂层。然后在改... 详细信息

研究激光粉末床熔融增材制造(Am.(又称直接金属激光烧结)技术制备的Ti6Al4V合金等离子体电解氧化(PeO)处理及其电化学行为。通过短时间(eO处理(也称闪速PeO),在Am.金和传统合金表面制备了3~10μm.、含Ca和P的涂层。然后在改良的α-m.m.液中,通过动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(eIS)评估了合金的电化学行为。与传统合金相比,Am.金中形成了细小的层片状α显微组织和层间小尺寸的β相颗粒,这促使了火花的产生,从而促进了PeO涂层的生长。闪速PeO涂层提高了传统合金和Am.金的耐腐蚀性,最薄的涂层(m.提供了高达3倍的保护。Am.Ti6Al4V由于其高的晶界密度,易受局部缝隙腐蚀的影响。而即使短至35 s的闪速PeO处理也足以成功避免这种情况。

关键词：增材制造激光粉末床熔融等离子体电解氧化闪速PeO 钛缝隙腐蚀 α-m.m