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high Power Laser Science and engineering 2024年第1期12卷 60-73页

作者： Shikha Bhadoria Mattias Marklund Christoph h.Keitel Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik HeidelbergGermany Department of Physics University of GothenburgGöteborgSweden

The impact of radiation reaction and Breit±Wheeler pair production on the acceleration of fully ionized carbon ions driven by an intense linearly polarized laser pulse has been investigated in the ultra-relativistic transparency *** initial expectations, the radiation reaction and pair production at ultra-high laser intensities are found to enhance the energy gained by the ions. The electrons lose most of their transverse momentum, and the additionally produced pair plasma of Breit±Wheeler electrons and positrons co-streams in the forward direction as opposed to the existing electrons streaming at an angle above zero degree. We discuss how these observations could be explained by the changes in the phase velocity of the Buneman instability, which is known to aid ion acceleration in the breakout afterburner regime, by tapping the free energy in the relative electron and ion streams. We present evidence that these non-classical effects can further improve the highest carbon ion energies in this transparency regime.

关键词： ion acceleration quantum electrodynamic effects

Baicalein suppresses Coxsackievirus B3 replication by inhibiting caspase-1 and viral protease 2A

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 685-693页

作者： Dong Y. Shao e. Li S. Wang r. Wang D. Wang L. Yang h. he Y. Luan T. Chen Y. Wang Y. Lin L. Zhong Z. Zhao W. Department of Cell Biology Harbin Medical University Harbin 150081 China Department of Microbiology Harbin Medical University Harbin 150081 China

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the cardiac muscle and one of the primary causes of dilated cardiomyopathy. Group B coxsackievirus (CVB) is one of the leading causative pathogens of viral myocarditis, which primarily affects children and young adults. Due to the lack of vaccines, the development of antiviral medicines is crucial to controlling CVB infection and the progression of myocarditis. In this study, we investigated the antiviral effect of baicalein, a flavonoid extracted from Scutellaria baicaleinsis. Our results demonstrated that baicalein treatment significantly reduced cytopathic effect and increased cell viability in CVB3-infected cells. In addition, significant reductions in viral protein 3D, viral rNA, and viral particles were observed in CVB3-infected cells treated with baicalein. We found that baicalein exerted its inhibitory effect in the early stages of CVB3 infection. Baicalein also suppressed viral replication in the myocardium and effectively alleviated myocarditis induced by CVB3 infection. Our study revealed that baicalein exerts its antiviral effect by inhibiting the activity of caspase-1 and viral protease 2A. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that baicalein has antiviral activity against CVB3 infection and may serve as a potential therapeutic option for the myocarditis caused by enterovirus infection. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： 2A protease Baicalein Caspase-1 Coxsackievirus B (CVB) Myocarditis

Characteristics and demographic factors of traditional Chinese medicine constitution types among elderly individuals in China: A national multistage cluster random study

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第3期11卷 257-263页

作者： Xia J. Bai M. Song h. Li h. Zhang D. Jiang M.Y. Chen r. he F. Ni C. Center for Studies in Constitution and reproductive Sciences of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029 China National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029 China huangsi Comprehensive Outpatient Department Beijing Tongrentang Healthcare Industry Investment Group Company Beijing 100032 China Zhangjiakou Second Traditional Chinese Medicine hospital Zhangjiakou 076250 China Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China

Objective: To reveal the distribution characteristics and demographic factors of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution among elderly individuals in China. Methods: elderly individuals from seven regions in China were selected as samples in this study using a multistage cluster random sampling method. The basic information questionnaire and Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (elderly edition) were used. Descriptive statistical analysis, chi-squared tests, and binary logistic regression analysis were used. results: The single balanced constitution (BC) accounted for 23.9%. The results of the major TCM constitution types showed that BC (43.2%) accounted for the largest proportion and unbalanced constitutions ranged from 0.9% to 15.7%. east China region (odds ratio [Or] = 2.097; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.912 to 2.301), married status (Or = 1.341; 95% CI, 1.235 to 1.457), and managers (Or = 1.254; 95% CI, 1.044 to 1.505) were significantly associated with BC. Age >70 years was associated with qi-deficiency constitution and blood stasis constitution (BSC). Female sex was significantly associated with yang-deficiency constitution (Or = 1.646; 95% CI, 1.52 to 1.782). Southwest region was significantly associated with phlegm-dampness constitution (Or = 1.809; 95% CI, 1.569 to 2.086). North China region was significantly associated with inherited special constitution (Or = 2.521; 95% CI, 1.569 to 4.05). South China region (Or = 2.741; 95% CI, 1.997 to 1.3.763), Central China region (Or = 8.889; 95% CI, 6.676 to 11.835), senior middle school education (Or = 2.442; 95% CI, 1.932 to 3.088), and managers (Or = 1.804; 95% CI, 1.21 to 2.69) were significantly associated with BSC. Conclusions: This study defined the distribution characteristics and demographic factors of TCM constitution in the elderly population. Adjusting and improving unbalanced constitutions, which are correlated with diseases, can help promote healthy aging through the scientific man

关键词： Body constitution Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (elderly edition) Demographic factors elderly individuals Multistage cluster random sampling

Modulating p-type doping of two-dimensional material palladium diselenide

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Nano research 2024年第4期17卷 3232-3244页

作者： Jiali Yang Yu Liu en-Yang Wang Jinbo Pang Shirong huang Thomas Gemming Jinshun Bi Alicja Bachmatiuk hao Jia Shu-Xian hu Chongyun Jiang hong Liu Gianaurelio Cuniberti Weijia Zhou Mark h rümmeli Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary research(iAIr) University of JinanJinan 250022China Institute for Materials Chemistry Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden(IFW Dresden)20 Helmholtz StrasseDresden 01069Germany State Key Lab of Transducer Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China College of energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China School of Integrated Circuits University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Institute of Microelectronics of Tianjin Binhai New Area Tianjin 300451China Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Lukasiewicz research Network PORT Polish Center for Technology DevelopmentStablowicka 147Wroclaw 54-066Poland School of Mathematics and Physics University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China College of electronic information and optical engineering Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials Polish Academy of SciencesM.Curie Sklodowskiej 34Zabrze 41-819Poland Center for energy and environmental Technologies VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava17.Listopadu 15Ostrava 70833Czech Republic State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Center of Bio&Micro/Nano Functional MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan 250100China Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01062Germany Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials(GCL DCIM) Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01062Germany Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01069Germany Center for Advancing electronics Dresden Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01069Germany

The van der Waals heterostructures have evolved as novel materials for complementing the Si-based semiconductor ***-10 noble metal dichalcogenides(e.g.,PtS_(2),PtSe_(2),PdS_(2),and PdSe_(2))have been listed into two-dimensional(2D)materials toolkit to assemble van der Waals *** them,PdSe_(2) demonstrates advantages of high stability in air,high mobility,and wide tunable ***,the regulation of p-type doping of PdSe_(2) remains unsolved problem prior to fabricating p–n junction as a fundamental platform of semiconductor ***,a quantitative method for the controllable doping of PdSe_(2) is yet to be *** this study,the doping level of PdSe_(2) was correlated with the concentration of Lewis acids,for example,SnCl_(4),used for *** the transfer characteristics,the threshold voltage(the gate voltage corresponding to the minimum drain current)increased after SnCl_(4) soaking ***_(2) transistors were soaked in SnCl_(4) solutions with five different *** threshold voltages from the as-obtained transfer curves were extracted for linear fitting to the threshold voltage versus doping concentration correlation *** study provides in-depth insights into the controllable p-type doping of PdSe_(2).It may also push forward the research of the regulation of conductivity behaviors of 2D materials.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)materials Lewis acid treatment p-type doping field-effect transistors transfer characteristic

DFT investigation of half-metallic ferromagnetic rare earth based spinels Mgho_(2)Z_(4)(Z=S,Se)

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Journal of rare earths 2024年第1期42卷 121-128,I0005页

作者： Maiza Zanib Mumtaz Manzoor N.A.Noor M.Waqas Iqbal Mazia Asghar h.h.hegazy A.Laref Department of Physics Riphah International UniversityLahore CampusPakistan research Centre for Advanced Materials Science King Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

half-metallic ferromagnetism,mechanical as well as thermoelectric properties for rare earth-based spinels Mgho_(2)Z_(4)(Z=S,Se)were investigated using density functional theory(DFT).Structural optimization was done with Perdew-Burke-ehrenzorf(PBe)sol-generalized gradient approximation(GGA)to calculate the lattice constant of both spinels comparable to experimental *** addition,Born stability criteria and negative formation energy show that our studied spinels are also structurally and dynamically stable in the cubic *** ferromagnetic(FM)state stability,we also calculated the energy differences among FM,antiferromagnetic(AFM),and non-magnetic(NM)***,Curie temperatures of ferromagnetic phases were also *** used Trans-Blaha improved BeckeJohnson(TB-mBJ)potential functional for electronics as well as magnetic characteristics,which lead to the consistent explanation of half-metallic ferromagnetism,representing the whole band-occupancy in material with exact detail of density of states(DOS).The stable FM state was examined in spinels due to the exchange splitting of ho cation consisting of p-d hybridizations compatible with the result achieved for electronics band structure and ***,spin magnetic moment was explained in terms of anion,cation,and sharing charge on studied *** addition,the calculated thermoelectric properties clearly show that operation range of these systems may be utilized by future experimental works for identifying the potential applications of these systems.

关键词： ho-based spinels DFT simulations Mechanical parameters electronic properties hM ferromagnetism Figure of merit

extraterrestrial Life in the Thermosphere: Plasmas, UAP, Pre-Life, Fourth State of Matter

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第3期15卷 322-376页

作者： r. Joseph C. Impey O. Planchon r. del Gaudio M. Abu Safa A. r. Sumanarathna e. Ansbro D. Duvall G. Bianciardi C. h. Gibson r. Schild Astrobiology research Center California USA Department of Astronomy University of Arizona Tucson USA Biogéosciences Laboratory University of Burgundy Dijon France Department of Biology University of Naples Federico II Naples Italy Department of Applied Physics Palestine Polytechnic University Hebron Palestine Department of research and Innovation Eco Astronomy International Research Center Tetouan Morocco Space exploration Ltd. Boyle County Roscommon Ireland Department of Zoology Oklahoma State University (Emeritus) Stillwater USA Department of Science and Medicine Università Degli Studi di Siena Tuscany Italy Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences University of California (Emeritus) San Diego USA Center for Astrophysics Harvard-Smithsonian (Emeritus) Cambridge USA

“Plasmas” up to a kilometer in size and behaving similarly to multicellular organisms have been filmed on 10 separate NASA space shuttle missions, over 200 miles above earth within the thermosphere. These self-illuminated “plasmas” are attracted to and may “feed on” electromagnetic radiation. They have different morphologies: 1) cone, 2) cloud, 3) donut, 4) spherical-cylindrical;and have been filmed flying towards and descending from the thermosphere into thunderstorms;congregating by the hundreds and interacting with satellites generating electromagnetic activity;approaching the Space Shuttles. Computerized analysis of flight path trajectories documents these plasmas travel at different velocities from different directions and change their angle of trajectory making 45°, 90°, and 180° shifts and follow each other. They’ve been filmed accelerating, slowing down, stopping, congregating, engaging in “hunter-predatory” behavior and intersecting plasmas leaving a plasma dust trail in their wake. Similar life-like behaviors have been demonstrated by plasmas created experimentally. “Plasmas” may have been photographed in the 1940s by WWII pilots (identified as “Foo fighters”);repeatedly observed and filmed by astronauts and military pilots and classified as Unidentified Aerial—Anomalous Phenomenon. Plasmas are not biological but may represent a form of pre-life that via the incorporation of elements common in space, could result in the synthesis of rNA. Plasmas constitute a fourth state of matter, are attracted to electromagnetic activity, and when observed in the lower atmosphere likely account for many of the UFO-UAP sightings over the centuries.

关键词： extraterrestrials Plasmas Dusty Plasmas extremophiles Life in Space Abiogenesis Origins of Life rNA World

Disparate outcomes in hispanic patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease/steatohepatitis and type 2 diabetes: Large cohort study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 886-897页

作者： Joseph Matthew Gosnell George Golovko esteban Arroyave Akshata Moghe Michael L Kueht Omar AbdulSaldarriaga Kevin h McKinney heather L stevenson Monique r Ferguson Department of Pathology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Pharmacology&Toxicology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Center for Tropical Diseases Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States

BACKGrOUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASh)are a growing health burden across a significant portion of the global patient ***,these conditions seem to have disparate rates and outcomes between different ethnic *** combination of MASLD/MASh and type 2 diabetes increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(hCC),and hispanic patients experience the greatest burden,particularly those in South *** To compare outcomes between hispanic and non-hispanic patients in the United States,while further focusing on the hispanic population within Southeast Texas to determine whether the documented disparity in outcomes is a function of geographical circumstance or if there is a more widespread reason that all clinicians must account for in prognostic *** This cohort analysis was conducted with data obtained from TriNetX,LLC(“TriNetX”),a global federated health research network that provides access to deidentified medical records from healthcare organizations *** cohort networks were used:University of Texas Medical Branch(UTMB)hospital and the United States national database collective to determine whether disparities were related to geographic regions,like Southeast *** This study findings revealed hispanics/Latinos have a statistically significant higher occurrence of hCC,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and liver fibrosis/cirrhosis in both the United States and the UTMB hispanic/Latino *** mortality in hispanics/Latinos was lower within the United States group and not statistically elevated in the UTMB *** This would appear to support that hispanic patients in Southeast Texas are not uniquely affected compared to the national hispanic population.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis hispanic Diabetes mellitus TriNetX Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis steatotic liver disease hepatocellular carcinoma

Innovations in endoscopic ultrasound for portal hypertension and its role in managing complications in clinical practice:Lessons learned from a tertiary referral public hospital

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Portal hypertension & Cirrhosis 2024年第1期3卷 31-35页

作者： Cosmas r.A.Lesmana Kemal F.Kalista Saut h.h.Nababan Juferdy Kurniawan Chyntia O.M.Jasirwan Andri S.Sulaiman Irsan hasan rino A.Gani Department of Internal Medicine Hepatobiliary DivisionDr.Cipto Mangunkusumo National General HospitalMedical Faculty Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Digestive Disease&GI Oncology Center Medistra HospitalJakartaIndonesia Gastrointestinal Cancer Center MRCCC Siloam Semanggi HospitalJakartaIndonesia

Portal hypertension(Ph)poses significant *** paper presents an innovative study on the utilization of endoscopic ultrasound(eUS)for both the diagnosis and management of *** at *** Mangunkusumo National General hospital in Jakarta,this retrospective case series included patients diagnosed with Ph through clinical examination,imaging evaluation,and *** criteria comprised a history of reduced blood consumption within the last 5 days,hepatocellular carcinoma,massive ascites,or elevated international normalized ratio(>1.4).eUS-guided portal pressure gradient(PPG)measurements were performed using an innovative standard *** study involved 15 patients,with 14 having liver cirrhosis and 1 diagnosed with Budd–Chiari *** them,nine patients experienced bleeding due to gastroesophageal *** and large esophageal varices were identified in four and eight patients,*** varices type 1 were observed in two patients,and type 2 in four *** gastric fundal varices type 1 were present in one *** on eUS-PPG measurements,14 patients exhibited clinically significant portal *** patients underwent endoscopic band ligation and three underwent eUS-guided cyanoacrylate injection during the same session as the eUS-PPG measurement ***,no adverse events,such as abdominal pain,perforation,or bleeding were observed during or after the *** emerges as a promising and accurate tool for both diagnosis and management.

关键词： cyanoacrylate injection endoscopic ultrasound liver cirrhosis portal hypertension portal pressure gradient

Study of ZnO nanoparticle-supported clay minerals for electrochemical sensors,photocatalysis,and antioxidant applications

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ChemPhysMater 2024年第1期3卷 83-93页

作者： Mylarappa M N.raghavendra N.r.Bhumika C.h.Chaithra B.N.Nagalaxmi K.N.Shravana Kumara Department of Chemistry Sri Jagadguru Renukacharya College of ScienceArts&CommerceBengaluru 560009India Department of Chemistry East West Institute of TechnologyBengaluru 560091India Department of Chemistry Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for WomenBengaluru 560012India

In view of the current study’s demonstration of the synthesis of clay-doped ZnO composites,we present a low-cost method for producing clay-metal oxide(clay/ZnO).Utilizing the solution combustion technique,a composite of clay/ZnO was produced utilizing citric acid as both a fuel and a complexing *** hexagonal unit cell structure of the created clay/ZnO may be seen using XrD *** ZnO-infused clay was visible in Fe-SeM micrographs as homogenous,sphere-shaped *** possible involvement of clay/ZnO photocatalytic activity in the UV-induced photodegradation of malachite green dye was *** 90%degradation rate shows the composite’s outstanding photocatalytic degradation *** resulting substance was electrochemically analyzed using a constructed electrode in 0.1 M KOh *** increased its sensor capabilities,which now include chemical and biomolecule sensors,and it excelled in cyclic voltammetry-based redox potential *** efficiently evaluate chemically synthesized NPs for electrochemical,sensing,and photocatalytic applications,this study intends to create a solution combustion procedure for the synthesis of clay/ZnO nanocomposite using urea as fuel.

关键词： Clay Clay/ZnO Photocatalytic electrochemical sensors

Clinical-based phenotypes in children with pediatric post-COVID-19 condition

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 682-691页

作者： Lieke C.e.Noij Jelle M.Blankestijn Coen r.Lap Marlies A.van houten Giske Biesbroek Anke-hilse Maitland-van der Zee Mahmoud I.Abdel-Aziz Johannes B.van Goudoever Mattijs W.Alsem Caroline L.h.Brackel Kim J.Oostrom Simone hashimoto Suzanne W.J.Terheggen-Lagro Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Amsterdam UMCLocation AMCEmma Children’s HospitalAmsterdam University Medical CenterRoom G2-222Meibergdreef 91105AZAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Pulmonary Medicine Amsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Spaarne GasthuisHoofddorpThe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Emma Children’s HospitalAmsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of rehabilitation Medicine Amsterdam Movement SciencesMeibergdreef 9AmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Paediatric Pulmonology Department of PaediatricsTergooi MCHilversumThe Netherlands Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care Amsterdam UMCAmsterdam Reproduction and DevelopmentAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Background Pediatric post coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)condition(PPCC)is a heterogeneous syndrome,which can significantly affect the daily lives of *** study aimed to identify clinically meaningful phenotypes in children with PPCC,to better characterize and treat this *** Participants were children with physician-diagnosed PPCC,referred to the academic hospital Amsterdam UMC in the Netherlands between November 2021 and March *** factors and information on post-COVID symptoms,comorbidities,and impact on daily life were *** clusters were identified using an unsupervised and unbiased approach for mixed data *** Analysis of 111 patients(aged 3–18 years)revealed three distinct clusters within *** 1(n=62,median age=15 years)predominantly consisted of girls(74.2%).These patients suffered relatively more from exercise intolerance,dyspnea,and smell *** 2(n=33,median age=13 years)contained patients with an even gender distribution(51.5%girls).They suffered from relatively more sleep problems,memory loss,gastrointestinal symptoms,and *** 3(n=16,median age=11 years)had a higher proportion of boys(75.0%),suffered relatively more from fever,had significantly fewer symptoms(median of 5 symptoms compared to 8 and 10 for clusters 1 and 2 respectively),and experienced a lower impact on daily *** This study identified three distinct clinical PPCC phenotypes,with variations in sex,age,symptom patterns,and impact on daily *** findings highlight the need for further research to understand the potentially diverse underlying mechanisms contributing to post-COVID symptoms in children.

关键词： Adolescents Clusters Long COVID Pediatric Phenotypes Post-COVID syndrome