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Cavity-agnostic acoustofluidic manipulations enabled by guided flexural waves on a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 153-171页

作者： Philippe Vachon Srinivas Merugu jaibir Sharma Amit Lal e.dwi. j.ng Yul Koh joshua e.-Y.Lee Chengkuo Lee Department of electrical and Computer engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Institute of Microelectronics Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore SonicMeMS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA School of electrical and Data engineering University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSWAustralia

This article presents an in-depth exploration of the acoustofluidic capabilities of guided flexural waves(GFWs)generated by a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator(MAWA).By harnessing the potential of GFWs,cavity-agnostic advanced particle manipulation functions are achieved,unlocking new avenues for microfluidic systems and lab-on-a-chip *** localized acoustofluidic effects of GFWs arising from the evanescent nature of the acoustic fields they induce inside a liquid medium are numerically investigated to highlight their unique and promising *** traditional acoustofluidic technologies,the GFWs propagating on the MAWA’s membrane waveguide allow for cavity-agnostic particle manipulation,irrespective of the resonant properties of the fluidic ***,the acoustofluidic functions enabled by the device depend on the flexural mode populating the active region of the membrane *** demonstrations using two types of particles include in-sessile-droplet particle transport,mixing,and spatial separation based on particle diameter,along with streaming-induced counter-flow virtual channel generation in microfluidic PDMS *** experiments emphasize the versatility and potential applications of the MAWA as a microfluidic platform targeted at lab-on-a-chip development and showcase the MAWA’s compatibility with existing microfluidic systems.

关键词： waveguide fluid cavity

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Stability and Generalization of Hypergraph Collaborative Networks

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 184-196页

作者： Michael K.ng Hanrui Wu Andy Yip Institute of Data Science The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The University of Hong KongHong KongChina College of Information Science and Technology Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Graph neural networks have been shown to be very effective in utilizing pairwise relationships across ***,there have been several successful proposals to generalize graph neural networks to hypergraph neural networks to exploit more com-plex *** particular,the hypergraph collaborative networks yield superior results compared to other hypergraph neural net-works for various semi-supervised learning *** collaborative network can provide high quality vertex embeddings and hyperedge embeddings together by formulating them as a joint optimization problem and by using their consistency in reconstructing the given *** this paper,we aim to establish the algorithmic stability of the core layer of the collaborative network and provide generaliz--ation *** analysis sheds light on the design of hypergraph filters in collaborative networks,for instance,how the data and hypergraph filters should be scaled to achieve uniform stability of the learning *** experimental results on real-world datasets are presented to illustrate the theory.

关键词： Hypergraphs vertices hyperedges collaborative networks graph convolutional neural networks(CNNs) stability generalization guarantees

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Predictors of the placebo response in a nutraceutical randomized controlled trial for depression

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journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 46-53页

作者： Rosemary Arnold jenifer Murphy-Smith Chee H.ng David Mischoulon Gerard j.Byrne Chad A.Bousman Con Stough Michael Berk jerome Sarris Professorial Unit the Melbourne ClinicDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneRichmond 3121Australia Depression Clinical and Research Program Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Faculty of Medicine Discipline of PsychiatryCentre for Clinical ResearchRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalHerstonthe University of QueenslandBrisbane 4006Australia Departments of Medical Genetics PsychiatryPhysiology&Pharmacology and Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Psychiatry the University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Centre for Human Psychopharmacology Swinburne UniversityMelbourne 3122Australia The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation School of MedicineBarwon HealthDeakin UniversityGeelong 3220Australia The Centre of excellence in Youth Mental Health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia NICM Health Research Institute Western Sydney UniversityWestmeadNSW 2145Australia

Objective The placebo response in depression studies is the change in symptoms amongst those who receive an inactive *** well-designed randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of depression have a high proportion of placebo responders,with little understanding as to *** present study assesses characteristics associated with the placebo response in a nutraceutical trial with a large proportion of placebo *** This is a secondary analysis of a nutraceutical depression RCT which identified no overall treatment benefit relative to placebo(n=69 in placebo group).We investigated participant characteristics such as socio-demographics,clinical features,and recruitment methods,and their association with the placebo *** genetic polymorphisms were also *** response was measured based on change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale *** association of these hypothesis-driven variables of interest and the placebo response was examined using linear mixed effects *** Greater levels of education,particularly pursuing post-high school education,better self-reported general health,marriage/de facto,greater improvement in the first trial week,and more failed antidepressant therapies in the current depressive episode were associated with greater placebo *** increased placebo response was not found in those recruited via social media nor in those with concomitant antidepressant *** nucleotide polymorphisms from the tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPH1)gene(A779C and A218C)were weakly associated with greater placebo response,although the evidence was attenuated after accounting for multiple *** This is,to our knowledge,the first study within nutraceutical research for depression to assess the association between participant characteristics and variation in the placebo *** variables appeared to predict the placebo *** findings may encourage future trial design

关键词： Randomized controlled trial Placebo Depression Nutraceutical Psychiatry

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miniSCIDOM: a scintillator-based tomograph for volumetric dose reconstruction of single laser-driven proton bunches

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High Power Laser Science and engineering 2024年第2期12卷 41-50页

作者： A.Corvino M.Reimold e.Beyreuther F.-e.Brack F.Kroll j.Pawelke j.D.Schilz M.Schneider U.Schramm M.e.P.Umlandt K.Zeil T.Ziegler j.Metzkes-ng Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf DresdenGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTUD Dresden University of TechnologyHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–RossendorfDresdenGermany Current affiliation:Institut Curie UniversitéPSLCNRS UMR3347OrsayFrance Current affiliation:Universitätsklinikum Freiburg FreiburgGermany

Laser plasma accelerators(LPAs)enable the generation of intense and short proton bunches on a micrometre scale,thus offering new experimental capabilities to research fields such as ultra-high dose rate radiobiology or material *** spectrally broadband,laser-accelerated proton bunches allow for tailored volumetric dose deposition in a sample via single bunches to excite or probe specific sample *** rising number of such experiments indicates a need for diagnostics providing spatially resolved characterization of dose distributions with volumes of approximately 1 cm^(3) for single proton bunches to allow for fast online *** we present the scintillator-based miniSCIDOM detector for online single-bunch tomographic reconstruction of dose distributions in volumes of up to approximately 1 cm^(3).The detector achieves a spatial resolution below 500μm and a sensitivity of 100 *** detector performance is tested at a proton therapy cyclotron and an LPA proton *** experiments’primary focus is the characterization of the scintillator’s ionization quenching behaviour.

关键词： beam monitoring detectors laser-driven proton beams scintillator-based diagnostics ultra-high dose rate

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Comparison of methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete observation data with an application to age at puberty in dairy cattle

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 535-545页

作者： Melissa A.Stephen Chris R.Burke jennie e.Pryce Nicole M.Steele Peter R.Amer Susanne Meier Claire V.C.Phyn Dorian j.Garrick DairyNZ Ltd 605 Ruakura RoadHamilton 3240New Zealand AL Rae Centre for Genetics and Breeding-Massey University RuakuraHamilton 3214New Zealand Agriculture Victoria Research AgriBioCentre for AgriBioscienceBundooraVictoria 3083Australia School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoria 3083Australia AbacusBio DunedinNew Zealand

Background Many phenotypes in animal breeding are derived from incomplete measures,especially if they are challenging or expensive to measure *** include time-dependent traits such as reproductive status,or *** measures for these traits result in phenotypes that are subject to left-,interval-and rightcensoring,where phenotypes are only known to fall below an upper bound,between a lower and upper bound,or above a lower bound *** we compare three methods for deriving phenotypes from incomplete data using age at first elevation(>1 ng/mL)in blood plasma progesterone(AGeP4),which generally coincides with onset of puberty,as an example *** We produced AGeP4 phenotypes from three blood samples collected at about 30-day intervals from approximately 5,000 Holstein–Friesian or Holstein–Friesian×jersey cross-bred dairy heifers managed in 54 seasonal-calving,pasture-based herds in New *** used these actual data to simulate 7 different visit scenarios,increasing the extent of censoring by disregarding data from one or two of the three *** methods for deriving phenotypes from these data were explored:1)ordinal categorical variables which were analysed using categorical threshold analysis;2)continuous variables,with a penalty of 31 d assigned to right-censored phenotypes;and 3)continuous variables,sampled from within a lower and upper bound using a data augmentation *** Credibility intervals for heritability estimations overlapped across all methods and visit scenarios,but estimated heritabilities tended to be higher when left censoring was *** sires with at least 5 daughters,the correlations between estimated breeding values(eBVs)from our three-visit scenario and each reduced data scenario varied by method,ranging from 0.65 to *** estimated breed effects also varied by method,but breed differences were smaller as phenotype censoring *** Our results indicate that using

关键词： Cattle Gibbs sampler Markov-chain Monte Carlo(MCMC) Puberty

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Incorporation of a nanotechnology-based additive in cementitious products for clay stabilisation

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2020年第5期12卷 1056-1069页

作者： e.U.eyo S.ng’ambi S.j.Abbey School of energy Construction and EnvironmentFaculty of EngineeringEnvironment and ComputingCoventry UniversityCoventryUK Faculty of environment and Technology Department of Geography and Environmental ManagementCivil Engineering ClusterUniversity of the West of EnglandBristolUK

The mechanical performances and water retention characteristics of clays,stabilised by partial substitution of cement with by-products and inclusion of a nanotechnology-based additive called RoadCem(RC),are studied in this *** unconfined compression tests and one-dimensional oedometer swelling were performed after 7 d of curing to understand the influence of addition of 1%of RC material in the stabilised soils with the cement partially replaced by 49%,59%and 69%of ground granulated blast furnace slag(GBBS)or pulverised fuel ash(PFA).The moisture retention capacity of the stabilised clays was also explored using the soil-water retention curve(SWRC)from the measured *** confirmed an obvious effect of the use of RC with the obtained strength and swell properties of the stabilised clays suitable for road application at 50%replacement of *** outcome is associated with the in-depth and penetrating hydration of the cementitious materials by the RC and water which results in the production of needle-like matrix with interlocking filaments e a phenomenon referred to as the‘wrapping’*** the other hand,the SWRC used to describe the water holding capacity and corresponding swell mechanism of clays stabilised by a proportion of RC showed a satisfactory *** moisture retention of the RC-modified clays was initially higher but reduced subsequently as the saturation level increased with decreasing *** phenomenon confirmed that clays stabilised by including the RC are water-proof in nature,thus ensuring reduced porosity and suction even at reduced water ***,the stabilised clays with the combination of cement,GGBS and RC showed a better performance compared to those with the PFA included.

关键词： Cement Ground granulated blast furnace slag(GBBS) Fly ash RoadCem(RC) Swell Stabilisation Unconfined compressive strength Soil-water retention curve(SWRC)

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Mechanical and hydraulic properties of carbonate rock:The critical role of porosity

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2023年第4期15卷 814-825页

作者： Kam ng j.Carlos Santamarina Department of Civil and Architectural engineering and Construction Management University of WyomingLaramieWY82071USA Physical Science and engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Carbonate rocks are extensively used in civil infrastructure and play a critical role in geoenergy geoengineering,either as hydrocarbon reservoirs or potential repositories for CO_(2)geological *** genesis and diagenetic overprint determine the properties of carbonate *** study combines recent data gathered from Madison Limestone and an extensive dataset compiled from published sources to analyze the hydraulic and mechanical properties of limestone carbonate *** models and data analyses recognize the inherently granular genesis of carbonate rocks and explain the strong dependency of physical properties on *** asymptotically-correct power model in terms of(1-Ф/Ф*)a is a good approximation to global trends of unconfined stiffness e and unconfined compressive strength UCS,cohesive intercept in Mohr-Coulomb failure envelopes,and the brittle-toductile transition *** power model is the analytical solution for the mechanical properties of percolating granular *** adopted a limiting granular porosityФ*=0.5 for all models,which was consistent with the loosest packing of monosize *** fitted power model has exponent(α=2)in agreement with percolation theory and highlights the sensitivity of mechanical properties to *** and models confirm a porosity-independent ratio between unconfined stiffness and strength,and the ratio follows a log-normal distribution with mean(e/UCS)≈*** high angle of internal shear strength measured for carbonate rocks reflects delayed contact failure with increased confinement,and it is not sensitive to *** spans more than six orders of *** size controls pore size and determines the reference permeability k^(*)at the limiting porosityФ*=*** a given grain size from fine to coarse-grained dominant carbonates,permeability is very sensitive to changes in porosity,suggesting preferential changes in the internal pore network during compaction.

关键词： Rock porosity Carbonate permeability Rock unconfined stiffness Unconfined compressive strength(UCS)

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Physical scientists research biomedicine: a call for caution

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Chinese journal of Cancer Research 2015年第1期27卷 94-95页

作者： Yì-Xiáng j.Wáng Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital

It is noticeable that nowadays there are more and more scientists with physical science or engineering background working on or started to work on biomedical projects, but rarely vice versa. This reflects the multi-discipline nature of some projects, however, also at least partially can be explained that biomedical research is seen as trendy, fundable, and likely to get more citations and with results more publishable in high impact journals （1,2）. It is also apparent with some publications and lectures that not all these physical scientists/engineers are well-prepared to work on projects which do not align with their own expertise. Some studies are against very basic principles of pharmacology or biology, while others try to solve medical problems which do not exist clinically. I reviewed a number of submissions including a few from prestigious American universities to Nature journals which made no sense with the study design. Much of manpower and financial resource are being wasteful spent. There are also examples of clinical trials which were ill-planned right from the start and in the end only causing much inconvenience to patients to say at the least. In addition, ample examples exist where experienced physical scientists worked with inexperienced medical scientists and resulted in avoidable failures.

关键词： a call for caution very Physical scientists research biomedicine

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Monolithic ultrasound fingerprint sensor

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 37-44页

作者： Xiaoyue jiang Yipeng Lu Hao-Yen Tang julius M.Tsai e.dwi. j.ng Michael j.Daneman Bernhard e.Boser David A.Horsley Department of Mechanical engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA Department of electrical engineering and Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Invensense Inc. San JoseCA 95110USA

This paper presents a 591×438-DPI ultrasonic fingerprint *** sensor is based on a piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer(PMUT)array that is bonded at wafer-level to complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)signal processing electronics to produce a pulse-echo ultrasonic imager on a *** meet the 500-DPI standard for consumer fingerprint sensors,the PMUT pitch was reduced by approximately a factor of two relative to an earlier *** conducted a systematic design study of the individual PMUT and array to achieve this scaling while maintaining a high *** resulting 110×56-PMUT array,composed of 30×43-μm^(2) rectangular PMUTs,achieved a 51.7% fill-factor,three times greater than that of the previous *** with the custom CMOS ASIC,the sensor achieves 2 mV kPa^(−1) sensitivity,15 kPa pressure output,75μm lateral resolution,and 150μm axial resolution in a 4.6 mm×3.2 mm *** the best of our knowledge,we have demonstrated the first MeMS ultrasonic fingerprint sensor capable of imaging epidermis and sub-surface layer fingerprints.

关键词： piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer(PMUT) fingerprint sensors ultrasound

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CO oxidation under lean and stoichiometric conditions over ceriazirconia with very low metal contents(Cu,Co,Ag and Pt)

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journal of Rare earths 2024年第9期42卷 1669-1681,I0002页

作者： j.C.Martínez-Munuera M.P.Yeste A.García-García MCMA Group Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute of MaterialsUniversity of AlicanteCarretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n03690San Vicente del RaspeigAlicanteSpain Solid Chemistry and Catalysis Group Department of Materials ScienceMetallurgic Engineering and Inorganic ChemistryInstitute of Electronic Microscopy and Materials ResearchUniversity of CádizAp.40E-11510Puerto RealCádizSpain

In this work,several ceria-zirconia based catalysts with very lo w(and equimolar) metal contents were prepared,characterised and tested for the CO oxidatio n reaction(under lean and stoichiometric conditions),trying to emulate those conditions found in a diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) system from a diesel engine and those encountered under gasoline exhaust(λ=1).The metals chosen are Cu,Co,Ag and Pt(as a reliable benchmark).The results reveal enormous differences among reducibility and catalytic activity despite quite similar structural and textural properties of the catalysts,showing differences among dispersion(Ag-catalyst seems to present a low level of dispersion).This catalyst seems to be characterised,as well,by a strong electronic interaction between Ce and Ag centres which is suggested to yield an improved reducibility under H_(2)-TPR ***,the order in catalytic activity(Cu>Ag>Co≈Pt>>support) seems not to follow the order found in reducibility and the Cu-catalyst seems to be the most active independently on the reaction conditions,yielding nearly overlapped CO oxidation catalytic *** restingly,a stro ng correlation between the catalytic activity under the two conditions tested and the OSC values of the Ce_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O_(2)-supported metal catalysts is ***,OSC parameter measured at 150℃ can be used as a relevant descriptor to evaluate the CO oxidation activity at low and medium conversions for the investigated catalysts,much better than the H_(2)-TPR measurements.

关键词： CO oxidation Low metal content Ceria-zirconia Copper species OSC parameter Rare earths

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