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Multilayered plate elements with node-dependent kinematics for electro-mechanical problems

International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2018年第4期9卷 279-317,I0004页

作者： e.carrera S.Valvano G.M Kulikov Department of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering Politecnico di TorinoTurinItaly Department of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Tambov State Technical UniversityTambovRussia

In the present work,a new class of finite elements(Fes)for the analysis of composite and sandwich plates embedding piezoelectric skins and patches is *** making use of node-by-node variable plate theory assumptions,the new finite element allows for the simultaneous analysis of different subregions of the problem domain with different kinematics and accuracy,in a global/local *** a consequence,the computational costs can be reduced drastically by assuming refined theories only in those zones/nodes of the structural domain where the resulting strain and stress states,and their electro-mechanical coupling present a complex *** primary advantage is that no ad-hoc techniques and mathematical artifices are required to mix the fields coming from two different and kinematically incompatible adjacent elements,because the plate structural theory varies within the finite element *** other words,the structural theory of the plate element is a property of the Fe node in this present approach,and the continuity between two adjacent elements is ensured by adopting the same kinematics at the interface *** finite element arrays of the generic plate element are formulated in terms of fundamental nuclei,which are invariants of the theory approximation order and the modeling technique(equivalent-Single-Layer,Layer-Wise).In this work,the attention is focused on the use of Legendre polynomial expansions to describe the through-the-thickness unknowns to develop advanced plate *** numerical investigations,such as composite and sandwich multilayered plates embedding piezoelectric skins and patches with various load,boundary conditions,and piezoelectric material polarizations,are carried out to validate and demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the present plate element,including comparison with various closed-form and Fe solutions from the literature.

关键词： Multilayered plate elements piezoelectric global/local analysis carrera unified formulation node-dependent kinematics

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electro-mechanical analysis of composite and sandwich multilayered structures by shell elements with node-dependent kinematics

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2018年第1期9卷 1-33,I0001页

作者： e.carrera S.Valvano G.M.Kulikov Department of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering Politecnico di TorinoTurinItaly Laboratory of Intelligent Materials and Structures Tambov State Technical UniversityTambovRussia

In this work,a new class of finite elements for the analysis of composite and sandwich shells embedding piezoelectric skins and patches is *** main idea of models coupling is developed by presenting the concept of nodal dependent kinematics where the same finite element can present at each node a different approximation of the main unknowns by setting a nodewise through-the-thickness approximation *** a global/local approach scenario,the computational costs can be reduced drastically by assuming refined theories only in those zones/nodes of the structural domain where the resulting strain and stress states,and their electro-mechanical coupling present a complex *** numerical investigations are carried out to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the present shell *** accurate representation of mechanical stresses and electric displacements in localized zones is possible with reduction of the computational costs if an accurate distribution of the higherorder kinematic capabilities is *** the contrary,the accuracy of the solution in terms of mechanical displacements and electric potential values depends on the global approximation over the whole *** efficacy of the present node-dependent variable kinematic models,thus,depends on the characteristics of the problem under consideration as well as on the required analysis type.

关键词： Shell piezo composite structures global/local analysis Unified formulation nodedependent kinematics

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Hierarchical closed form solutions for plates bent by localized transverse loadings

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & engineering) 2007年第7期8卷 1026-1037页

作者： carrera e. GIUNTA G. BRISCHeTTO S. Aeronautical and Space Department Politecnico di Torino c.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy

3D and 2D closed form plate models are here applied to static analysis of simply supported square isotropic plates. 2D theories are hierarchically classified on the basis of the accuracy of the displacements and stresses obtained by comparison to the 3D exact results that could be assumed by the reader as benchmark for further analyses. Attention is mainly paid on localized loading conditions, that is, piecewise constant load. Also bi-sinusoidal and uniformly distributed loadings are taken into account. All of those configurations are considered in order to investigate the behavior of the 2D models in the case of continu- ous/uncontinuous, centric or off-centric loading conditions. The ratio between the side length a and the plate thickness h has been assumed as analysis parameter. Higher order 2D models yield accurate results for any considered load condition in the case of moderately thick plates, a/h=10. In the case of thick plates, a/h=5, and continuous/uncontinuous centric loading conditions high accuracy is also obtained. For the considered off-centric load condition and thick plates good results are provided for some output quantities. A better solution could be achieved by simply increasing the polynomial approximation order of the axiomatic 2D displacement field.

关键词： exact 3D model Hierarchical 2D models Principle of Virtual Displacements (PVD) Localized loading Simply supported square isotropic plate

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Advanced modeling of embedded piezo-electric transducers for the health-monitoring of layered structures

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2020年第4期11卷 325-342页

作者： enrico Zappino erasmo carrera Department of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering Politecnico di TorinoMul2 Research GroupTorinoItaly

The present paper presents an innovative approach for the numerical modeling of piezo-electric transducers for the health-monitoring of layered *** numerical approach has been developed in the frameworks of the.carrera Unified *** computa-tional tool allows refined numerical models to be derived in a unified and efficient *** use of higher-order models and the cap-ability to connect different kinematic models using the node-depen-dent kinematic approach has led to an efficient modeling technique for global-local *** approach can refine the model only in those regions where it is required,e.g.,the areas where piezo-electric transducers are *** model has been used to study embedded and surface-mounted *** accuracy of the pre-sent model has been verified by comparing the current results with numerical and experimental data from the *** mod-eling solutions have been developed,mixing one-,two-and threedimensional finite *** results show that the use of the present modeling technique allows the computational cost to be reduced with respect to the classical approaches preserving the ccuracy of the results in the critical areas.

关键词： carrera Unified Formulation embedded Sensor Health Monitoring Layered Structures Refined models

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Multitemporal landslide inventory analysis of an intertropical mountain in west-central Mexico——Basis for hazard management

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第6期19卷 1650-1669页

作者： Alejandro Cesar VALDeS carrera Manuel e.MeNDOZA Teodoro CARLÓN ALLeNDe Jose Luis MACIAS Centro de Investigaciones en Geografia Ambiental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMorelia 58190Mexico Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia-Instituto de Geofisica-Unidad Michoacan Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMorelia 58190Mexico Instituto de Geofisica-Unidad Michoacan Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMorelia 58190Mexico

Landslides in intertropical mountainous areas of Mexico are a natural hazard that could potentially generate a disaster. Despite this, many areas lack landslide inventories, making it difficult to monitor and efficiently manage the associated risks for local populations. For this reason, the aim of this research was to undertake a multitemporal landslide inventory and analyze its conditioning factors in the Pico de Tancítaro stratovolcano, which, in recent decades, has presented several high-risk geomorphological events with disastrous consequences for nearby localities. The spatial distribution of landslides and its conditioning factors were mapped at a 1:50,000 scale for the 1995-2020 period, through visual interpretation of orthophotos and satellite images(Landsat, SPOT, and SeNTINeL). The conditioning factors that link the most to landslides were Quaternary andesite and basaltic andesite rocks;volcanic cones, mountain river valleys, and very steep to steep slopes(30° to >45°), oriented to the South, North, and east;Andosols and Leptosols;and the oyamel fir and mixed forests. 505 landslide events classified into slides and flows that occurred in 1995, 2004, 2010, and 2015 were identified. New scars generated by the reactivation of landslide processes were also observed. The landslides in the study area were triggered by torrential rains caused by hurricanes and tropical storms;such as hurricanes Alex and Patricia. The inventory and analysis of conditioning factors highlighted the distribution and dynamics of slides and flows in the study area. In addition, the most important factors for studies of landslide susceptibility, hazards, and risks in the Pico de Tancítaro stratovolcano were identified, contributing to the management of geomorphological risks in intertropical mountain areas.

关键词： Geomorphology Mass wasting Natural hazards Pico de Tancítaro stratovolcano Risk management

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Achievement of high rate nitritation with aerobic granular sludge reactors enhanced by sludge recirculation events

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2015年第3期9卷 528-533页

作者： Zulkifly JeMAAT Josep Anton TORA Albert BARTROLI Julian carrera Julio PeReZ Department of Chemical engineering School of Engineering Universitat Autbnoma de Barcelona Barcelona 08193 Spain Aeris Tecnologias Ambientales Ed. Eureka-Campus UAB Barcelona 08193 Spain Present address: Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources engineering Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak Kuantan 26300 Malaysia

A ratio control strategy has been used to demonstrate the feasibility of this automatic control procedure for the achievement of stable full and partial nitritation. The control strategy assured constant ratio between the dissolved oxygen （DO） and the total ammonia nitrogen （TAN） concentrations in the bulk liquid of aerobic granular sludge reactors operating in continuous mode. Three different set-ups with different reactor capacities were used （3, 110, and 150L）. High strength synthetic wastewaters and reject water were tested with similar performance. Achieved nitrogen loading rates ranged between 0.4 and 6.1 kgN· m^-3·d^-1, at temperatures between 20℃ and 30℃. 1Granular sludge and nitritation were stable in the long term continuous operation of the reactors. Suitable stable effluent for Anammox has been obtained using the desired TAN setpoint （i.e. 50% of influent ammonium oxidation）. An existing biofilm model devel- oped incorporating the implemented control loops and validated in a previous publication was used to investigate the effects of the ammonium concentration of the influent and the biofilm density on the achievement of full nitritation. The model demonstrated how sludge recirculation events led to a stable and significant increase of the biomass concentration in the reactor, which in turn resulted in the achievement of high nitrogen loading rates, due to the action of the control strategy. The model predicted an enhancement of stable full nitritation at higher ammonium concentrations in the influent. Poor influence of the biofilm density in the achievement of full nitritation was predicted with the model.

关键词： partial nitrification reject water high strength ammonium wastewater closed-loop control

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A proposed Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the base of the Middle Ordovician Series： The Niquivil section, Precordillera of San Juan, Argentina

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episodes 2006年第1期29卷 1-15页

作者： Guillermo L. Albanesi Marcelo G. carrera Fernando L. Canas Matthew Saltzman CONICeT - Facultad de Ciencias exactas Fisicas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Casilla de Correo 1598 5000 Córdoba Argentina CONICeT- Departamento de Geologfa Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto Ruta Nacional 36 km 601 5800 Rio Cuarto Argentina Department of Geological Sciences The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA.

The Niquivil section, Argentine Precordillera, fulfills most of the requirements for a Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Middle Ordovician Series. It has excellent conodont biostratigraphy in a continuous succession of uniform lithology, is readily accessible, and the critical interval is not tectonically affected. The position of the Lower/Middle Ordovician Series boundary in the Central Precordillera is placed at the middle part of the San Juan Formation, an open-platform carbonate unit. The Niquivil section is proposed as a GSSP for the base of the Middle Ordovician, which is marked by the FAD of the conodont Cooperignathus aranda （Cooper）. It occurs in level NCA, at the upper part of the Oepikodus evae Zone （overlapping uppermost records of O. evae in association with other guide species）; i.e., 100.15 m above the base of the reference section. The auxiliary Pena Sombria section from northern Precordillera records graptolites of the lower （but not lowest） Middle Ordovician in the Isograptus victoriae maximus Zone, few meters above the proposed boundary biohorizon. The range of C. aranda can be correlated with the I. victoriae lunatus Zone up to the lower part of the Undulograptus austrodentatus Zone in diverse sections of the world. C. aranda presents cosmopolitan distribution and occurs in virtually all environments. The proposed GSSP preserves a carbon-isotope record that provides an auxiliary marker of potential global application. Radiometric dating of K-bentonite samples, interbedded with carbonate strata yielding lower records of C. aranda, were recovered from the auxiliary Talacasto section in Central Precordillera （469.8 ±2.3 Ma, U-Pb SHRIMP dating）.

关键词：奥陶纪阿根廷界线层型 GSSP 生物地层学

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Induction of IgA and sustained deficiency of cell proliferative response in chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第44期14卷 6844-6852页

作者： Yalena Amador-Caizares Liz Alvarez-Lajonchere Ivis Guerra Ingrid Rodríguez-Alonso Gillian Martínez-Donato Julián Triana eddy e González-Horta Angel Pérez Santiago Dueas-carrera Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología Ave 31e/ 158 and 190PlayaP.O. Box 6162HavanaCuba

AIM： In the present study, antibody and peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMC） proliferative responses against hepatitis C virus （HCV） antigens were evaluated in HCV chronically infected patients. MeTHODS： Paired serum and PBMC samples were taken six months apart from 34 individuals, either treated or not, and tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （eLISA） and carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester staining. RSULTS： Over 70% of the patients showed specific IgG and IgM against capsid, e1 and NS3, while HVR-1 was recognized by half of the patients. An increase in the levels of the anti-capsid IgM （P = 0.027） and IgG （P = 0.0006） was observed in six-month samples, compared to baseline. Similarly, a significantly higher percent of patients had detectable IgA reactivity to capsid （P = 0.017） and NS3 （P = 0.005） after six months, compared to baseline. Particularly, IgA against structural antigens positively correlated with hepatic damage （P = 0.036）. IgG subclasses evaluation against capsid and NS3 revealed a positive recognition mediated by IgG1 in more than 80% of the individuals. On the contrary, less than 30% of the patients showed a positive proliferative response either of CD4＋ or CD8＋ T cells, being the capsid poorly recognized. CONCLUSION： These results confirm that while the cellular immune response is narrow and weak, a broad and vigorous humoral response occurs in HCV chronic infection. The observed correlation between IgA and hepatic damage may have diagnostic significance, although it warrants further confirmation.

关键词： Hepatitis C Antibody response Lymphoproliferation Core envelope

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Assessing physical habitat structure and biological condition in eastern Amazonia stream sites

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Water Biology and Security 2023年第2期2卷 23-31页

作者： Jady Vivia Almeida da Silva Santos Myllena Lima Josinete Sampaio Monteles Daiany Larissa Ribeiro carrera Ana Paula Justino de Faria Leandro Schlemmer Brasil Leandro Juen Faculdades de Ciencias Biologicas Instituto de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal do Para/Rua Augusto CorreiaNº1Bairro GuamaCEP66075-110BelemParaBrazil Laboratorio de ecologia e Conservacao Universidade Federal do Para/Rua Augusto CorreiaNº1Bairro GuamaCEP66075-110BelemParaBrazil Programa de Pos-graduacao em Zoologia Universidade Federal do Para/Museu Paraense Emílio GoeldiRua Augusto CorreiaNº1Bairro GuamaCEP66075-110BelemParaBrazil Programa de Pos-graduacao em ecologia Universidade Federal do Para e Embrapa Amazonia OrientalRua Augusto CorreiaNº1Bairro GuamaCEP66075-110BelemParaBrazil Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Agricultura e Ambiente Laboratorio de Ciencias Ambientais e BiodiversidadeUniversidade Estadual do MaranhaoSao LuísBrazil Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas e Saúde Universidade Federal do Mato GrossoCampus AraguaiaPontal do AraguaiaMato GrossoBrazil

The advance of agricultural frontiers and industrialization in Amazonia has increased natural resource deterioration,resulting in degraded physical habitat structure and reduced local aquatic *** evaluated the relative sensitivities of the Biological Monitoring Working Party(BMWP)and Average Score Per Taxon(ASPT)biotic indexes based on ePT(ephemeroptera,Plecoptera,Trichoptera)versus ePT taxa richness,ePT abundance,and Shannon-Wiener ePT diversity for evaluating anthropogenic impacts on Amazonian *** expected that ePT-BMWP and ePT-ASPT would be more sensitive in detecting environmental changes on stream biota than the other *** sampled 32 stream sites in eastern Amazonia distributed along an environmental gradient resulting from different land use *** the biological metrics except ePT-ASPT were significantly responsive to anthropogenic pressures;however,ePT taxa richness was slightly more responsive.

关键词： Land use Aquatic insects Biotic index environmental monitoring

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Biomechanical Signals Human-Computer Interface for Severe Motor Disabilities

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e-Health Telecommunication Systems and Networks 2013年第4期2卷 65-71页

作者： Albano carrera Alonso A. Alonso Ramón de la Rosa Javier M. Aguiar Laboratory of electronics and Bioengineering Department of Signal Theory Communications and Telematics Engineering Higher Technical School of Telecommunications Engineering Universidad de Valladolid Valladolid Spain

A system that allows computer interaction by disabled people with very low mobility and who cannot use the standard procedure based on keyboard and mouse is presented. The development device uses the patient’s voluntary biomechanical signals, specifically, winks—which constitute an ability that generally remains in this kind of patients—, as interface to control the computer. A prototype based on robust and low-cost elements has been built and its performance has been validated through real trials by 16 users without previous training. The system can be optimized after a learning period in order to be adapted to every user. Also, good results were obtained in a subjective satisfaction survey that was completed by the users after carrying out the test trials.

关键词： Man-Machine Systems electronics Medical Rehabilitation Independent Living Biomedical engineering

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