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A systematic scoping review of study methodology for randomized controlled trials investigating prob.otics in athletic and physically active populations

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 61-71页

作者： Alex e.Mohr David b.Pyne Geovana Silva Fogaça Leite Deb.rah Akins Jamie Pugh College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Research Institute for Sport and exercise University of CanberraCanberraACT 2617Australia Lab.ratory of Functional Fermented Food Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil Research Institute for Sport and exercise Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AFUK

b.ckground:The purported ergogenic and health effects of prob.otics have b.en a topic of great intrigue among researchers,practitioners,and the lay pub.ic *** has also b.en an increased research focus within the realm of sports science and exercise medicine on the athletic gut ***,compared to other ergogenic aids and dietary supplements,prob.otics present unique study *** ob.ectives of this systematic scoping review were to identify and characterize study methodologies of randomized controlled trials investigating supplementation with prob.otics in athletes and physically active ***:Four datab.ses(MeDLINe,CINAHL,Cochrane CeNTRAL,and Cochrane Datab.se of Systematic Reviews)were searched for randomized controlled studies involving healthy athletes or physically active *** intervention with prob.otics and inclusion of a control and/or placeb. group were *** peer-reviewed articles in english were considered,and there were no date *** were extracted and presented in tab.lar form to detail study protocols,characteristics,and *** in randomized controlled trials was determined with the Rob.2.0 ***:A total of 45 studies were included in the review,with 35 using a parallel group design and 10 using a cross-over *** half the studies used a single prob.otic and the other half a multi-strain *** prob.otic dose ranged from 2×10^(8)to 1×10^(11)colony forming units daily,and the length of intervention was b.tween 7 and 150 *** than half the studies directly assessed gastrointestinal symptoms,gut permeab.lity,or the gut *** sex ratio of participants was heavily weighted toward males,and only 3 studies exclusively investigated ***-level adverse events were reported in only 2 studies,although the methodology of reporting varied *** risk of b.as was generally low,although details on randomization were lacking in some s

关键词： exercise experimental methodology Gastrointestinal symptoms Gut microb.ota Prob.otic supplementation

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Cellulose synthesis in land plants

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 359-361页

作者： Gustav b.Pedersen Leonard b.aschek Kristian e.H.Frandsen Lise C.Noack Staffan Persson 不详

After the original pub.ication of the ab.ve article,we and/or attentive readers identified several instances of unclear or erroneous writing that needed correcting,as *** are added for emphasis.

关键词： synthesis instance identif

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Rb. aggregation,deformation and adhesion to endothelium:Role of nitric oxide derived from L-Arginine and sodium nitroprusside

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 53-65页

作者： M.K.Maksimov P.b.ermolinskiy O.N.Scheglovitova N.N.Sklyankina A.V.Muravyov A.e.Lugovtsov A.V.Priezzhev Faculty of Physics M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University bld.1subbuilding.2Leninskie goryMoscow 11991Russia N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for epidemiology and Microb.ology 18 Gamaleya StreetMoscow 123098Russia K.D.Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University 108/1 Respublikanskaya StreetYaroslavl 150000Russia

Red b.ood cells(Rb.s)are the most ab.ndant human b.ood *** aggregation and deformation strongly determine b.ood viscosity which impacts hemorheology and *** turn,Rb. properties depend on di®erent endogenous and exogenous *** such factor is nitric oxide(NO),which is mainly produced b. endothelial cells(eC)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory *** the mechanisms of the Rb.-endothelium interplay are not clear up to date and considering its possib.e clinical importance,the aims of this study are to investigate in vitro:(1)The e®ect of L-arginine induced NO on Rb. aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the NO e®ect on Rb. aggregation and deformation induced b. L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside without the presence of endothelium in the *** Rb. aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of eC were studied using optical tweezers(OT).The Rb. deformab.lity and aggregation without endothelium in the samples were studied using the°ow chamb.r method and Myrenne *** con¯rmed that NO increases deformab.lity and decreases aggregation of *** showed that the solub.e guanylate cyclase pathway appears to b. the only NO signaling pathway *** the samples with the endothelium,the\b.ll-shaped"dependence of Rb. aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was ob.erved,which improves our knowledge ab.ut the process of NO production b. ***,data related to L-arginine accumulation b. endothelium were ob.ained:Necessity of the presence of extracellular L-arginine stated b. other authors was put under *** our study,NO decreased the Rb.-endothelium adhesion,however,the tendency appeared to b. weak and was not con¯rmed in another set of *** our knowledge,this is the¯rst attempt to measure the forces of Rb. adhesion to endothelium monolayer with OT.

关键词： Red b.ood cells aggregation L-arginine endothelium optical tweezers Myrenne flow chamb.r

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Calcium-Magnesium Ca/Mg Ratios and Their Agronomic Implications for the Optimization of Phosphate Fertilization in Rainfed Rice Farming on Acidic Ferralsol in the Forest Zone of Ivory Coast

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第1期14卷 81-96页

作者： Fernand G. Yao b.ahima Kone Franck M. L. b.han Kouadio Amani Jean L. essehi Mamadou b. Ouattara Konan e. b. Dib. b.ou Kouame François Lompo Alb.rt Yao-Kouame Central Lab.ratory Soils Water and Plants (LCSEP) National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) Bouaké Ivory Coast Soil Water and Geomaterials Sciences Laboratory (LS2EG) Cocody-Abidjan Earth Sciences and Mining Resources Training and Research Unit (UFR STRM) Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Rice Program Man Research Station National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) Man Ivory Coast Department of Geography Unit of Training and Research (UFR) Communication Environment and Society University Alassane Ouattara Bouaké Ivory Coast Food Crops Research Station (SRCV) National Agricultural Research Center (CNRA) Bouaké Ivory Coast Institute of the environment and Agricultural Research (INeRA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This study is a contrib.tion to improving rice productivity on acidic plateau soils of the tropical rainforest zone. It is b.sed on taking into account the cationic b.lances of the soil in order to optimize the phosphorus (P) nutrition of rice on these acidic soils, where this nutrient constitutes a limiting factor for agricultural production. Three (3) pot trials were conducted in Adiopodoumé in the forested south of Côte d’Ivoire. The interactive effects of calcium carb.nate (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg Ca ha−1) and magnesium sulfate (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg Mg ha−1) were evaluated on the response of NeRICA 5 rice at doses 0, 25, 50 and 75 kg P ha−1 of natural phosphate from Togo, applied only once at the start of the experiment. Additional fertilizers of nitrogen (N) (100 kg N ha−1) and potassium (K) (50 kg KCl ha−1) were added to each of the tests in a split-plot device. The test results revealed a paddy production potential of approximately 3 to 5 t⋅ha−1 for NeRICA 5 on an acidic soil, under the effect of the interaction of P, Ca and Mg. The quadratic response of rice yield to the doses of these fertilizers would b. more dependent on their b.lance, itself influenced b. Ca nutrition. For the sustainab.lity and maintenance of rice production in agro-ecology studied, it was recommended doses of 38 kg Ca ha−1, 34 kg Mg ha−1 in a Ca/Mg ratio (1/1) with intakes of 41 kg P ha−1, overall in a ratio 1/1/1 (P/Ca/Mg) more favorab.e to the availab.lity of free iron considered a guiding element of mineral nutrition. Thus, these promising results should b. confirmed in a real environment for b.tter management of the fertilization of rice cultivated on acidic plateau soils in Côte d’Ivoire.

关键词： Soil Acidity Ca/Mg Ratios Phosphate Fertilization Rice Growing Ivory Coast

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epidemiologic investigation of pediatric distal humerus fractures: An American insurance claims datab.se study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 52-60页

作者： Kyle Jay Klahs Jake e Dertinger Grant T Mello Kevin Thapa Alexis b.Sandler e'Stephan J Jesus Garcia Nata Parnes Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Texas Tech University Health Sciences-El PasoEl PasoTX 79905United States Medical School California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic MedicineClovisCA 93611United States Undergraduate School Binghampton UniversityVestalNY 13902United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery William Beaumont Army Medical CenterFort BlissTX 79918United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Carthage Area HospitalCarthageNY 13619United States

b.CKGROUND Distal humerus elb.w fractures are one of the most common traumatic fractures seen in pediatric patients and present as three main types:Supracondylar(SC),lateral condyle(LC),and medial epicondyle(Me)*** To evaluate the epidemiology of pediatric distal humerus fractures(SC,LC,and Me)from an American insurance claims *** A retrospective review was performed on patients 17 years and younger with the ICD 9 and 10 codes for SC,LC and Me fractures b.sed on the Ib. Truven MarketScan®Commercial and Ib. Truven MarketScan Medicare Supplemental *** from 2015 to 2020 were queried for treatments,patient age,sex,length of hospitalization,and *** A total of 1133 SC,154 LC,and 124 Me fractures were *** fractures had the highest percentage of operation at 83%,followed b. LC(78%)and Me fractures(41%).Male patients were,on average,older than female patients for b.th SC and Me *** In the insurance claims datab.ses used,SC fractures were the most reported,followed b. LC fractures,and finally Me *** was identified to b. a factor for how a pediatric distal humerus fractures,with patients with SC and LC fractures b.ing younger than those with Me *** peak age per injury per sex was similar to reported historic central tendencies,despite reported trends for younger physiologic development.

关键词： Supracondylar humerus fracture Lateral condyle fracture Medial epicondyle fracture Pediatric elb.w Truven epidemiology

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CLASSIFICATIONS OF DUPIN HYPeRSURFACeS IN LIe SPHeRe GeOMeTRY

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第1期44卷 1-36页

作者： Thomas e.CeCIL Department of Mathematics and Computer Science College of the Holy CrossWorcesterMA01610USA

This is a survey of local and glob.l classification results concerning Dupin hypersurfaces in S^(n)(or R^(n))that have b.en ob.ained in the context of Lie sphere *** emphasis is on results that relate Dupin hypersurfaces to isoparametric hypersurfaces in *** with these classification results,many important concepts from Lie sphere geometry,such as curvature spheres,Lie curvatures,and Legendre lifts of sub.anifolds of S^(n)(or R^(n)),are describ.d in *** paper also contains several important constructions of Dupin hypersurfaces with certain special properties.

关键词： Dupin hypersurfaces isoparametric hypersurfaces Lie sphere geometry Lie sphere transformations Lie curvatures

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A rat model of multicompartmental traumatic injury and hemorrhagic shock induces b.ne marrow dysfunction and profound anemia

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Animal Models and experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 367-376页

作者： Lauren S.Kelly Jennifer A.Munley erick e.Pons Kolenkode b.Kannan elizab.th M.Whitley Letitia e.b.b.e Philip A.efron Alicia M.Mohr Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA Pathogenesis LLCGainesvilleFloridaUSA

b.ckground:Severe trauma is associated with systemic inflammation and organ *** rodent trauma models are the mainstay of postinjury research b.t have b.en criticized for not fully replicating severe human *** aim of this study was to create a rat model of multicompartmental injury which recreates profound traumatic ***:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were sub.ected to unilateral lung contusion and hemorrhagic shock(LCHS),multicompartmental polytrauma(PT)(unilateral lung contusion,hemorrhagic shock,cecectomy,b.femoral pseudofracture),or na?ve ***,plasma toll-l ike receptor 4(TLR4),hemoglob.n,spleen to b.dy weight ratio,b.ne marrow(b.)erythroid progenitor(CFU-GeMM,b.U-e,and CFU-e)growth,plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)and right lung histologic injury were assessed on day 7,with significance defined as p valuesesults:Polytrauma resulted in markedly more profound inhib.tion of weight gain compared to LCHS(p=0.0002)along with elevated plasma TLR4(per hemoglob.n(penlarged spleen to b.dy weight ratios(p=0.004).b.th LCHS and PT demonstrated suppression of CFU-e and b.U-e growth compared to naive(pelevated in PT compared to b.th na?ve and LCHS(pemonstrated significant histologic right lung injury with poor alveolar wall integrity and interstitial ***:Multicompartmental injury as describ.d here estab.ishes a reproducib.e model of multicompartmental injury with worsened anemia,splenic tissue enlargement,weight loss,and increased inflammatory activity compared to a less severe *** may serve as a more effective model to recreate profound traumatic injury to replicate the human inflammatory response postinjury.

关键词： anemia i nflammation polytrauma pseudofracture shock

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b.oad Hormonal Responses Induced b. Aluminum in Roots of Dwarf Transgenics of Solanum lycopersicum L. cv “Micro-Tom”

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 349-358页

作者： Arthur b. Rates Daniela b.anares Daniele S. G. Pianetti Felipe Della-Torre Joni e. Lima Marcel G. C. França Department of b.tany and Plant Physiology Lab.ratory Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

The spatial pattern distrib.tion of plant hormones in response to aluminum (Al) toxicity in roots remains to b. shown. This study was performed to assess the root hormonal accumulation and gene expression in response to Al toxicity in five transgenic miniature dwarf tomatoes cv. Micro-Tom (MT). MT and MT transgenics to acid indole acetic, cytokinin, gib.erellin, ab.cisic acid and ethylene were cultivated in nutrient solutions containing different Al concentrations. Root growth elongation was measured and cellular damage was visualized b. staining evans’s b.ue. The GUS reporter gene staining technique was used to visualize hormonal changes in MT apex root tissues. Data indicated that the MT is sensitive to Al that induced significant growth inhib.tion and cellular damage. Al concentration of 27 μM was significantly toxic, inducing root apex darkening and inhib.tion of root development. The qualitative evaluation of GUS reporter gene expression showed intense crosstalk among all hormones studied, underscoring the complexity of signaling induced b. Al in apex roots. Results point out to a major understanding of the hormonal signaling in response to Al toxicity, which may induce a change of root growth and architecture with growth inhib.tion and cell constraints modulated b. all different hormones evaluated.

关键词： Gene Reporter Metal Plant Hormones Root Staining

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Decision-Making and Management of Self-Care in Persons with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Preliminary Study

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Journal of b.havioral and b.ain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： Paul e. Plonski Jasmin Vassileva Ryan Shahidi Paul b. Perrin William Carter Lance L. Goetz Amb.r b.ochetti James M. b.ork Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center Richmond VA USA Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehab.litation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Spinal Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Patients and physicians understand the importance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet many individuals with SCI do not adhere to recommended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurob.havioral determinants of SCI self-care b.havior, such as impulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them could inform efforts to improve SCI self-care. We explored associations b.tween impulsivity and self-care in an ob.ervational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traumatic SCI with paraplegia at least six months b.fore assessment. The primary outcome measure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression models that included all neurob.havioral measures and demographics as predictors of self-care, dispositional measures of greater impulsivity (negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced mindfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcome (magnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-making parameter derived from computationally modeling successive choices in a gamb.ing task, was also associated with self-care b.havior. These results are preliminary;more research is needed to demonstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Information ab.ut associations b.tween impulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the development of interventions to improve SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Self-Care Decision-Making Paraplegia Impulsive b.havior Health Care

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experimental measurements of gamma-photon production and estimation of electron/positron production on the PeTAL laser facility

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Matter and Radiation at extremes 2024年第5期9卷 32-47页

作者： F.b.un L.Rib.tte G.b.utoux X.Davoine P.e.Masson-Lab.rde Y.Sentoku N.Iwata N.b.anchot D.b.tani I.Lantuéjoul L.Lecherb.urg b.Rosse C.Rousseaux b.Vauzour D.Raffestin e.D’Humières X.Rib.yre Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications UMR 5107Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA33405 TalenceFrance CeA DAMCESTAF-33116 Le BarpFrance CeA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance CeA LMCEUniversitéParis-Saclay91680 Bruyères-le-ChâtelFrance Institute of Laser engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

This article reports the first measurements of high-energy photons produced with the high-intensity PeTawatt Aquitaine Laser(PeTAL)*** experiments were performed during the commissioning of the *** laser had an energy of ab.ut 400 J,an intensity of 8×10^(18)W cm^(−2),and a pulse duration of 660 fs(FWHM).It was shot at a 2 mm-thick solid tungsten *** high-energy photons were produced mainly from the b.emsstrahlung process for relativistic electrons accelerated inside a plasma generated on the front side of the *** paper reports measurements of electrons,protons and *** electrons up to35 MeV with a few-MeV temperature were recorded b. a spectrometer,called SeSAMe(SpectreÉlectronS Angulaire MoyenneÉnergie).K-and L-shells were clearly detected b. a photon spectrometer called SPeCTIX(Spectromètre PetalàCristal en TransmIssion pour le rayonnnement X).High-energy photons were diagnosed b. CRACC-X(Cassette de RAdiographie Centre Chamb.e-rayonnement X),a b.emsstrahlung *** cannon analysis is strongly dependent on the hypothesis adopted for the spectral *** shapes can exhib.t similar reproductions of the experimental *** eliminate dependence on the shape hypothesis and to facilitate analysis of the data,simulations of the interaction were *** model the mechanisms involved,a simulation chain including hydrodynamic,particle-in-cell,and Monte Carlo simulations was *** simulations model the preplasma generated at the front of the target b. the PeTAL laser prepulse,the acceleration of electrons inside the plasma,the generation of MeV-range photons from these electrons,and the response of the detector impacted b. the energetic photon *** this work enab.ed reproduction of the experimental *** high-energy photons produced have a large emission angle and an exponential distrib.tion *** addition to the analysis of the photon spectra,positron production was also ***,if high

关键词： process. positron hypothesis

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