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不可逆转的全球老龄化:趋势与应对

延边大学学报(社会科学版) 2024年第5期57卷 129-138+144页

作者： Л.Е.格里宁 А.Л.格里宁 А.В.科罗塔耶夫张广翔师成俄罗斯国立高等经济大学社会政治动荡风险监测实验室莫斯科国立大学全球化进程系吉林大学东北亚研究中心

文章分析了对21世纪社会生活各领域产生重大影响的全球人口老龄化进程。这一进程的影响将取决于其规模和深度，也可以说取决于未来社会的人口结构。同时，现代社会是否能够应对全球人口老龄化所带来日益严峻的挑战也是一大问题。鉴于到2... 详细信息

文章分析了对21世纪社会生活各领域产生重大影响的全球人口老龄化进程。这一进程的影响将取决于其规模和深度，也可以说取决于未来社会的人口结构。同时，现代社会是否能够应对全球人口老龄化所带来日益严峻的挑战也是一大问题。鉴于到21世纪中叶，全球65岁以上人口将有2/3生活在中低收入国家，所以这一挑战尤其令人担忧。全球老龄化已经是不容忽视的时代主题，为老年人提供社会保障和医疗保健服务也将是艰巨的任务。时至今日，不应再将老龄化视作负面现象，而应将老一代人的智慧和经验视为未来社会发展的新机遇。因此，有必要在各领域采取具体措施并实施专门的长期政策，改善老年人的健康水平，提高其生活质量与预期寿命，消除对死亡的偏见。实现这些目标是高度依赖技术进步的，同时全球老龄化进程所催生的新需求也会倒逼技术发展，尤其是在技术爆炸即将到来的背景下，可能会对节省劳动力的技术、延长寿命的技术产生巨大需求，这也将有力地推动医学进步，有助于延长工作年限和提高人类生活质量。

关键词：全球老龄化社会人口结构控制论革命养老金危机老龄歧视

Chirality enables thermal magnon transistors

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 161-166页

作者： Tao Yu Chengyuan Cai Gerrit e.w.Bauer School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China .wPI-AIMR and Institute for Materials Research and SCIS Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

we report a theory of thermal spin pumping into proximity magnets under a transverse-bias-driven heat flow of magnons in magnetic films when the dipolar coupling to the magnetic gate is tuned to be “chiral”. while there is no rectification of the magnon current in the film, we predict that chirality diverts a large percentage(50% for perfect chirality) of it into the gate. This transverse thermal spin pumping effect can be controlled by rotating the film magnetization and may help manage the heat flow in future magnonic circuits.

关键词： magnon chirality quantum transport transistor

Barosinusitis due to routine.w.ather changes:A cross-sectional analysis of public websites

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world Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 18-23页

作者： James C.Campbell Julia e.Canick Philip G.Chen Ralph Abi Hachem David w.Jang Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Duke University School of Medicine DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA

Background:Sinusitis is a common diagnosis that can be erroneously associated with routine.w.ather‐related barometric pressure *** actuality,these pressure changes likely exacerbate migraine headaches,which can cause facial pain and pressure rather than true sinus ***:The present study sought to characterize the representation of both sinusitis and migraine in association with barometric pressure changes across websites on the ***:An Internet search for relevant terms was conducted,and content of the resulting pages was assessed for associations be.w.en weather‐related pressure changes and either sinusitis or *** in reported results across different subtypes of Internet sources were *** primary outcomes measured were(1)whether a given media source associated barometric weather changes with sinusitis,(2)whether that source associated barometric weather changes with migraine,and(3)treatment options offered by that ***:Of the 116 included webpages,36(31.03%)associated sinusitis and routine barometric pressure *** these,10(27.77%)were otolaryngology practice ***‐seven webpages(57.76%)associated migraine and routine barometric pressure *** these,nonotolaryngology webpages were more likely to report this ***:Otolaryngology practice sites were observed to be the most frequent professional medical resource reporting the unsubstantiated claim that routine barometric pressure changes are associated with *** sources were more likely to link weather‐related pressure changes to *** results suggest that opportunities exist for otolaryngology practice sites to educate patients about nonrhinogenic headache etiologies.

关键词： acute rhinosinusitis balloon sinus dilation headache migraine sinusitis

LNG-IUS联合戈舍瑞林治疗绝经后无症状子宫内膜增厚患者的效果及对性激素结合球蛋白、雌激素的影响

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四川生理科学杂志 2024年第9期46卷 1923-1926页

作者：秦艳玲奈曼曼王爱喜浚县妇幼保健院妇产科河南浚县456250 郑州大学第三附属医院妇科河南郑州450000 郑州市妇幼保健院妇科河南郑州450000

目的:探讨左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统(Levonorgestrel intrauterine sustained release system,LNG-IUS)联合戈舍瑞林治疗绝经后无症状子宫内膜增厚患者的效果及对性激素结合球蛋白、雌激素的影响。方法:选取2021年1月至2023年1月期间我科... 详细信息

目的:探讨左炔诺孕酮宫内缓释系统(Levonorgestrel intrauterine sustained release system,LNG-IUS)联合戈舍瑞林治疗绝经后无症状子宫内膜增厚患者的效果及对性激素结合球蛋白、雌激素的影响。方法:选取2021年1月至2023年1月期间我科收治的106例绝经后无症状子宫内膜增厚患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,各53例。对照组脐下皮下注射戈舍瑞林治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合LNG-IUS治疗,对比两组患者临床疗效、子宫内膜厚度、血清性激素结合球蛋白水平、雌激素水平及不良反应。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率明显高于对照组(P>0.05)。治疗后1 m,两组患者子宫内膜厚度、血清性激素结合球蛋白水平均无明显差异(P>0.05)。治疗后3 m及6 m,两组患者子宫内膜厚度均明显降低,且观察组更低(Peinizing hormone,LH)、促卵泡生成素(Follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)和雌二醇(estradiol,e2)水平均明显降低,且观察组更低(P0.05)。结论:LNG-IUS联合戈舍瑞林对绝经后无症状子宫内膜增厚患者治疗效果显著,能够降低子宫内膜厚度、性激素结合球蛋白和雌激素水平。

关键词： LNG-IUS 戈舍瑞林无症状子宫内膜增厚性激素结合球蛋白雌激素

effects of dust controls on respirable coal mine dust composition and particle sizes:case studies on auxiliary scrubbers and canopy air curtain

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第3期11卷 86-101页

作者： F.Animah C.Keles w.R.Reed e.Sarver Department of Mining and Minerals engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute&State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH) PittsburghPAUSA

Control of dust in underground coal mines is critical for mitigating both safety and health *** decades,the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)has led research to evaluate the effectiveness of various dust control technologies in coal *** studies have included the evaluation of auxiliary scrubbers to reduce respirable dust downstream of active mining and the use of canopy air curtains(CACs)to reduce respirable dust in key operator *** detailed dust characterization was not a focus of such studies,this is a growing area of *** preserved filter samples from three previous NIOSH studies,the current work aims to explore the effect of two different scrubbers(one.w.t and one dry)and a roof bolter CAC on respirable dust composition and particle size *** this,the preserved filter samples were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis and/or scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive *** indicate that dust composition was not appreciably affected by either scrubber or the ***,the.w.t scrubber and CAC appeared to decrease the overall particle size *** an effect of the dry scrubber was not consistently observed,but this is probably related to the particular sampling location downstream of the scrubber which allowed for significant mixing of the scrubber exhaust and other return *** from the insights gained with respect to the three specific dust control case studies revisited here,this work demonstrates the value of preserved dust samples for follow-up investigation more broadly.

关键词： Respirable dust Dust control SeM–eDX Scrubber Canopy air curtain Silica

乡村地理学新视野:通过地理空间数据融合模拟乡村地域系统

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Science Bulletin 2024年第11期69卷 1590-1592页

作者： Michael e.Meadows School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of environmental and Geographical Science University of Cape TownRondebosch 7701South Africa

As nations worldwide strive to bridge the ever-expanding urban-rural divide,the rapid pace of urbanization has precipitated dramatic shifts in land use,population demographics,and the economy of rural areas[1,2].

关键词：乡村地理学 expanding 空间数据融合

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认知心理学的现在和将来

心理科学进展 1990年第1期 33-43页

作者： e.w. eysenck 乐国安

尽管认知心理学仍在兴起中,但也有许多情况表明它并不是什么都好,它的许多所谓的进展是有毛病的。但是,我并不象许多其它认知心理学家那样对认知心理学的现状抱那么多的悲观态度。的确,关于认知过程的现时看来恰当的理论将来会受到否定。

关键词：现代认知心理学神经心理学人工智能实验室研究计算机程序心理学研究日常生活认知过程认知活动理论观点

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美国页岩油气地质特征及勘探开发进展

石油勘探与开发 2024年第4期51卷 807-828页

作者： MCMAHON T P LARSON T e ZHANG T SHUSTeR M 美国德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校杰克逊地质科学学院经济地质局奥斯汀78758-4445德克萨斯州美国

基于美国页岩油气勘探开发历程的回顾,对主要页岩盆地的地质演化、主要页岩层系的油气地质特征及勘探开发进展进行系统梳理和总结。美国重要页岩盆地的富烃页岩主要发育于6个地质时期:中奥陶世、中—晚泥盆世、早石炭世(中—晚密西西比... 详细信息

基于美国页岩油气勘探开发历程的回顾,对主要页岩盆地的地质演化、主要页岩层系的油气地质特征及勘探开发进展进行系统梳理和总结。美国重要页岩盆地的富烃页岩主要发育于6个地质时期:中奥陶世、中—晚泥盆世、早石炭世(中—晚密西西比世)、早二叠世、晚侏罗世和晚白垩世(塞诺曼期—土伦期),构造沉积环境主要包括克拉通内盆地、前陆盆地和被动大陆边缘盆地。古生界富烃页岩主要分布于以下6个盆地:阿巴拉契亚盆地(尤蒂卡页岩和马塞勒斯页岩)、阿纳达科盆地(伍德福德页岩)、威利斯顿盆地(巴肯页岩)、阿卡马盆地(费耶特维尔页岩)、沃思堡盆地(巴内特页岩)和二叠盆地(狼营组和斯帕瑞组/骨泉组页岩)。中生界富烃页岩主要发育在西墨西哥湾盆地(海恩斯维尔组和鹰滩组)和落基山盆地群(以丹佛和粉河盆地的尼尔布拉勒组页岩为主)。通过对各页岩区带的详细分析发现,页岩的岩相和矿物成分存在差异,“页岩储层”并非只是页岩,很多情况下页岩油气还产自粉砂岩和碳酸盐岩等多种岩石类型。美国的页岩油气资源丰富,页岩油地质资源量超过0.246×1012 t,页岩气地质资源量超过290×1012 m3。在开启“页岩革命”的水平井水力压裂技术出现之前,美国经过了长达20年的勘探开发实践和理论技术积累。自2007年至2023年,美国页岩油气产量从约11.2×104t/d油当量增加到超过300.0×104t/d油当量,2017年页岩油气产量超过了常规油气,2023年在油气总产量中的占比增加到60%以上。页岩油气的开发主要得益于钻完井技术的改进,“立体开发”的攻关,以及重复压裂、提高原油采收率和“U”形井等技术的应用。基于美国丰富的页岩资源基础和技术的不断进步,页岩油气的产量将继续为全美的油气生产做出更大贡献。

关键词：美国页岩油页岩气页岩储层非常规储层油气产量资源评价

efficiently adding mode multiplexing for cost-effective,high-capacity fiber links

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 8-9页

作者： Alan e.w.llner Huibin Zhou University of Southern California Los AngelesCaliforniaUnited States

For decades,a powerful approach to adding data capacity in an optical communication link has been to multiplex independent data-carrying channels and transmit them simultaneously along a fiber.^(1)For example.w.velength-division-multiplexing(wDM)was a key technology in the 1990s and early 2000s to dramatically increase aggregate capacity in a fiber by multiplexing beams of different wavelengths.^(2)For the past roughly 15 years,there has been great promise that space-division-multiplexing(SDM)may bring similar capacity enhancements to optical fiber communications.^(1–3)

关键词： fiber multiplexing adding