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Long-Term Trends of Carbon Monoxide Total Columnar Amount in Urban Areas and Background Regions:Ground-and Satellite-based Spectroscopic Measurements

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2018年第7期35卷 785-795页

作者： Pucai WANG N.F.eLANSKY Yu.M.TiMOFeeV Gengchen WANG G.S.GOLiTSYN M.V.MAKAROVA V.S.RAKiTiN Yu.SHTABKiN A.i.SKOROKHOD e.i.grechko e.V.FOKeeVA A.N.SAFRONOV Liang RAN Ting WANG LAGeO Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China A.M.Obukhov institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119017Russia St.Petersburg State University Saint-Petersburg 198904Russia

A comparative study was carried out to explore carbon monoxide total columnar amount（CO TC） in background and polluted atmosphere, including the stations of ZSS（Zvenigorod）, ZOTTO（Central Siberia）, Peterhof, Beijing, and Moscow,during 1998–2014, on the basis of ground-and satellite-based spectroscopic measurements. interannual variations of CO TC in different regions of eurasia were obtained from ground-based spectroscopic observations, combined with satellite data from the sensors MOPiTT（2001–14）, AiRS（2003–14）, and iASi Met Op-A（2010–13）. A decreasing trend in CO TC（1998–2014） was found at the urban site of Beijing, where CO TC decreased by 1.14% ± 0.87% yr^（-1）. Meanwhile, at the Moscow site, CO TC decreased remarkably by 3.73% ± 0.39% yr^（-1）. in the background regions（ZSS, ZOTTO, Peterhof）, the reduction was 0.9%–1.7% yr^（-1） during the same period. Based on the AiRSv6 satellite data for the period 2003–14, a slight decrease（0.4%–0.6% yr^（-1）） of CO TC was detected over the midlatitudes of eurasia, while a reduction of 0.9%–1.2% yr^（-1） was found in Southeast Asia. The degree of correlation between the CO TC derived from satellite products（MOPiTTv6 Joint, AiRSv6 and iASi Met Op-A） and ground-based measurements was calculated, revealing significant correlation in unpolluted *** in polluted areas, iASi Met Op-A and AiRSv6 data underestimated CO TC by a factor of 1.5–2.8. On average, the correlation coefficient between ground-and satellite-based data increased significantly for cases with PBL heights greater than 500 m.

关键词： carbon monoxide trend spectroscopic measurement MOPiTT AiRS iASi

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Arctic sea-ice extent: No record minimum in 2023 or recent years

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 52-55页

作者： Ola M.Johannessen Tor i.Olaussen Nansen Scientific Society BergenNorway Nansen environmental and Remote Sensing Center BergenNorway

Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its minimum each year in September. On 11 September 2023 the minimum was 4.969 million square kilometers(***^(2)). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the minimum was 4.175 ***^(2), 0.794 ***^(2) less than the minimum in 2023. However, the ice extent had decreased by 0.432 ***^(2) compared with 2022. Nevertheless, the summer melting in 2023 was remarkably less than expected when considering the strong heat waves in the atmosphere and ocean, with record temperatures set around the world. in general, there is a high correlation between the long-term decrease in sea-ice extent and the increasing CO_(2) in the atmosphere, where the increase of CO_(2) in recent decades explains about 80% of the decrease in sea ice in September, while the remainder is caused by natural variability.

关键词： Sea ice Arctic Minimum ice Climate

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Coarse to Fine: The Role of Severe Plastic Deformation in Advancing Titanium-Based Medical implants - A Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 295-306页

作者： Dragana R Mihajlović Bojan i Međo ivana Lj Cvijović-Alagić Veljko R Djokić Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy University of BelgradeKarnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia Vinča institute of Nuclear Sci-ences-National institute of the Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade11001BeogradSerbia innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy Karnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia

This paper describes severe plastic deformation(SPD)procedures,which are utilized to form an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic *** the SPD process,a solid material sample is subjected to very high loads without a significant change in sample *** the present work,the high-pressure torsion(HPT)process,as one of the SPD techniques,which achieves a high degree of deformation and ensures refinement of the microstructure,will be discussed in more *** that grain size control is accepted as a method to obtain materials with desired characteristics,an overview of the properties of ultrafine-grained titanium-based biomaterials to be used in medicine is ***,particular attention is dedicated to the influences of HPT process parameters,primarily hydrostatic pressure,and number of revolutions during torsion,on the grain size and physical and mechanical characteristics(modulus of elasticity,microhardness,and tensile properties),corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of the titanium-based biomaterials.A review of the literature indicates that titanium-based materials obtained by the SPD process show improved mechanical and physical properties without losing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance,which suggests that these methods of obtaining implants are something that should be further developed in the future.

关键词： high-pressure torsion process ultrafine-grained titanium-based materials electrochemical anodization physical properties mechanical properties

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Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease:an integrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 82-92页

作者： Stiven Roytman Rebecca Paalanen Giulia Carli Uros Marusic Prabesh Kanel Teus van Laar Nico i.Bohnen Department of Radiology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Morris K.Udall Center of excellence for Parkinson’s Disease Research University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA institute for Kinesiology Research Science and Research Centre KoperKoperSlovenia Department of Health Sciences Alma Mater Europaea–ECMMariborSlovenia Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Neurology Service and GReCC VA Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn ArborMIUSA

Understanding the neural underpinning of human gait and balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls and mobility disturbances have on our aging *** and gait control does not happen automatically,as previously believed,but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous *** effectively exert control over the body,the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information,including visual,vestibular,and somatosensory *** mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present *** multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older *** emphasis,however,has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes and cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait and *** the present work,we review the contributions of somatosensory,visual,and vestibular modalities,along with their multisensory intersections to gait and balance in older adults and patients with Parkinson’s *** also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows,previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older ***,we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates,both at the level of neurobiology(concerning positron emission tomography imaging)and at the level of electrophysiology(concerning electroencephalography).We hope that this integrative review,drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience,paves the way for novel research directions and therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches,to improve the lives of older adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： aging balance encephalography functional magnetic resonance imaging gait multisensory integration Parkinson’s disease positron emission tomography somatosensory vestibular visual

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Apolipoprotein A-i binding protein-mediated neuroprotection in glaucomatous neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1414-1415页

作者： Sinwoo Hwang Seunghwan Choi Soo-Ho Choi Keun-Young Kim Yury i.Miller Won-Kyu Ju Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley eye institute The Viterbi Family Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA National Center for Microscopy and imaging Research Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Glaucoma is a multifactorial eye disorder that can cause vision loss and irreversible blindness,affecting individ uals aged 40 to 80 yea rs *** to the aging population,it is expected that the number of people affected by glaucoma will surpass 111 million by 2040 as the disease becomes more *** primarily contributes to optic nerve axon loss and the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs),subsequently leading to vision impairment.

关键词： irreversible pass primarily

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The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza i.Torrado-Tapias iris K.Salgado Jose M.Santiago Samuel e.Ocasio Rivera Dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.Pagan Rivera Jorge D.Miranda Department of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

in addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain eAAT-1/GLAST eAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

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Nano-enhanced Dairy Scum Biodiesel Blends:Unleashing the Power of Aluminium Oxide for Sustainable and efficient engine Performance

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 283-302页

作者： Veeranna MODi Prasad B.RAMPURe Sunil Kumar SHeTTY Madeva NAGARAL Channa Keshava NAiK N Johar MGM Muhammad irsyad ABDULLAH Abdullah i.AL-MANSOUR Shamshad ALAM KLe College of engineering and Technology ChikodiVisvesvaraya Technological University Nitte (Deemed to be University) NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT)Department of Mechanical Engineering Aircraft Research and Design Centre HAL Department of Mechanical engineering BGS College of Engineering and TechnologyBengaluruAffiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University Management and Science University Department of Civil engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud University

This study investigates the effect of aluminium oxide nanoparticlesaddition to biodiesel blends made from dairy milk scum on performance and combustion characteristics of the diesel *** dispersion of Al2O3nanoparticles in B20 blends at different concentrations was done with the help of *** number of blends were prepared for the *** Machine learning algorithms(Random Forest（RF）and CatBoost) was used for the *** results show that in comparison to biodiesel blends without nanoparticles,the kinematic viscosity and density is higher for fuel blends with *** these Fuel blends have higher calorific *** blends exhibited reduced Brake Specific Fuel Consumption（BSFC） of2.85% than the blends without nano particles(Dairy Scum Methyl ester Biodiesel 20%+Neat Diesel 80%（in volume）,DSMeB20),57.14% less CO,40.8% less hydrocarbon,and increased NOxemissions compared to conventional diesel,contributing to the development of environmentally friendly and renewable biofuel blends with *** B20NP30 is the optimal blend for performance and emission *** study concludes with findings on enhanced Brake Thermal efficiency（BTe） of 26.29% in 3×10-5（in volume） Al2O3nanoparticle-blended DSMe B20 and other DSMe B20 fuel blends,emphasizing the importance of optimal nanoparticle *** correlation matrix shows how engine load,efficiency measures（BTe,BSFC）,and emissions（CO,CO2,NOx,Smoke） are connected in complex *** results help us understand the complicated dynamics of engine performance and emission characteristics ***'s diagram for BTe and BSFC shows that CatBoost-based BTe models perform superior to RF-based models during the training as well as testing *** results were obtained for CO and CO2emission results.

关键词： Al2O3 concentration Ci engine Dairy Scum Methyl ester Biodiesel

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NeCAB family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins in health and disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno Michael K.e.Schafer Sudena Wang Michael J.Schmeisser Axel Methner institute for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-terminal eF-hand calcium-binding proteins 1–3(NeCAB1–3) constitute a family of predominantly neuronal proteins characterized by the presence of at least one eF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less well characterized C-terminal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All three family members were initially discovered due to their interactions with other proteins. NeCAB1 associates with synaptotagmin-1, a critical neuronal protein involved in membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NeCAB2 interacts with predominantly striatal G-protein-coupled receptors, while NeCAB3 partners with amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family A members 2 and 3, key regulators of amyloid-β production. This demonstrates the capacity of the family for interactions with various classes of proteins. NeCAB proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localizations: NeCAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NeCAB2 resides in endosomes and the plasma membrane, and NeCAB3 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionarily ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in prokaryotes but is not wellcharacterized in vertebrates. Prokaryotic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically form dimers, suggesting that calcium-mediated conformational changes in NeCAB proteins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimerization, potentially activating some enzymatic properties. However, the substrate for this enzymatic activity remains uncertain. Alternatively, calcium-mediated conformational changes might influence protein interactions or the subcellular localization of NeCAB proteins by controlling the availability of protein–protein interaction domains situated between the eF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This review summarizes what is known about genomic organization, tissue expression, intracellular localization, interac

关键词： calcium eF hand mitochondria nervous system signal transduction

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Controlling the electro-optic response of a semiconducting perovskite coupled to a phonon-resonant cavity

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第9期12卷 1749-1756页

作者： Lucia Di Virgilio Jaco J.Geuchies Heejae Kim Keno Krewer Hai Wang Maksim grechko Mischa Bonn Max Planck institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 1055128 MainzGermany Pohang University of Science and Technology Department of Physics37673 PohangKorea

Optical cavities,resonant with vibrational or electronic transitions of material within the cavity,enable control of light-matter *** studies have reported cavity-induced modifications of chemical reactivity,fluorescence,phase behavior,and charge ***,we explore the effect of resonant cavity-phonon coupling on the transient photoconductivity in a hybrid organic-inorganic *** this end,we measure the ultrafast photoconductivity response of perovskite in a tunable Fabry–Pérot terahertz cavity,designed to be transparent for optical *** terahertz-cavity field-phonon interaction causes apparent Rabi splitting between the perovskite phonon mode and the cavity *** explore whether the cavity-phonon interaction affects the material’s electron-phonon interaction by determining the charge-carrier mobility through *** the apparent hybridization of cavity and phonon modes,we show that the perovskite properties in both ground(phonon response)and excited(photoconductive response)states remain unaffected by the tunable light-matter *** the response of the integral perovskite-terahertz optical cavity system depends critically on the interaction strength of the cavity with the phonon:the transient terahertz response to optical excitation can be increased up to threefold by tuning the cavity-perovskite interaction *** results enable tunable switches and frequency-controlled induced transparency devices.

关键词： tunable cavity tuning

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Recent Advancements in the Optimization Capacity Configuration and Coordination Operation Strategy of Wind-Solar Hybrid Storage System

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energy engineering 2025年第1期122卷 285-306页

作者： Hongliang Hao Caifeng Wen Feifei Xue HaoQiu Ning Yang Yuwen Zhang Chaoyu Wang edwin e.Nyakilla Department of New energy Storage Peking University Ordos Research Institute of EnergyOrdos017010China School of energy and Power engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot010080China Key Laboratory of Wind energy and Solar energy Utilization Technology Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot010051China

Present of wind power is sporadically and cannot be utilized as the only fundamental load of energy *** paper proposes a wind-solar hybrid energy storage system(HeSS)to ensure a stable supply grid for a longer period.A multi-objective genetic algorithm(MOGA)and state of charge(SOC)region division for the batteries are introduced to solve the objective function and configuration of the system capacity,***/Simulink was used for simulation *** optimization results show that for a 0.5 MW wind power and 0.5 MW photovoltaic system,with a combination of a 300 Ah lithium battery,a 200 Ah lead-acid battery,and a water storage tank,the proposed strategy reduces the system construction cost by approximately 18,000 ***,the cycle count of the electrochemical energy storage systemincreases from4515 to 4660,while the depth of discharge decreases from 55.37%to 53.65%,achieving shallow charging and discharging,thereby extending battery life and reducing grid voltage fluctuations *** proposed strategy is a guide for stabilizing the grid connection of wind and solar power generation,capability allocation,and energy management of energy conservation systems.

关键词： electric-thermal hybrid storage modal decomposition multi-objective genetic algorithm capacity optimization allocation operation strategy

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