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The 2024 Compendium of Physical Activities and its expansion

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 1-2,F0003页

作者： Stephen D.Herrmann erik A.Willis Barbara e.Ainsworth Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

First developed 30 years ago,the Compendium of Physical Activities(Compendium)was created to provide a standardized way of measuring and classifying specific physical activities(PAs),allowing researchers and health professionals to assess the energy expenditure and health benefits associated with different PA.1Since its inception,the Compendium has been widely utilized and recognized as a fundamental PA and health resource.

关键词： has utilized classify

Implementation and evaluation of exercise is Medicine in primary care clinics within a large academic health system

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第1期12卷 16-27页

作者： John Kevin Ong Dayao Caroline e L Duffy Amalia M Cristiano Gene'Rusty'Kallenberg Sarah e Linke University of California San Diego School of Medicine La JollaCaliforniaUSA Milken Institute of Public Health The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston School of Medicine GalvestonTexasUSA Scripps Family Medicine Residency Scripps Mercy Hospital Chula VistaChula VistaCaliforniaUSA Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health&Human Longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Department of Family Medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Omada Health San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA

Objective exercise is Medicine(eIM)is a global initiative encouraging healthcare providers to routinely assess and promote physical activity(PA)among *** objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility,adoption,implementation and effectiveness of eIM from patient,clinician and healthcare staff perspectives using a combination of electronic health record(eHR),survey and interview *** This study used a combination of the Practical Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model(PRISM)and the Learning evaluation model to implement *** captured from the eHR,including Physical Activity Vital Sign(PAVS)scores,and data collected from qualitative surveys and interviews were used to evaluate the programme’s Reach,effectiveness,Adoption,Implementation,Maintenance(Re-AIM,which is embedded within PRISM)from provider,staff and patient *** Five primary care clinics within a large academic health *** A total of 24443 patients from all participating clinics had at least one PAVS score during the study period.A total of 17 clinicians completed surveys,and 4 clinicians,8 medical assistants and 9 patients completed *** Implementation fidelity metrics varied widely between components and across clinics but were generally consistent over time,indicating a high degree of programme *** was highest during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic when most visits were *** PAVS scores increased from 57.7(95%CI:56 to 59.4)to 95.2(95%CI:91.6 to 98.8)min per week at 6 months for patients not meeting PA guidelines at baseline and decreased from 253.84(95%CI:252 to 255.7)to 208.3(95%CI:204.2 to 212.4)min per week at 6 months for patients meeting PA guidelines at *** eIM implementation,clinician-estimated time spent discussing PA with patients increased for 35%of providers and stayed the same for 53%.Conclusion Overall,this study established eIM’s feasibility,adoption,implementation

关键词： routine qualitative completed

Comparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded carp establishment in the lower White River, Arkansas

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ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michael A.eggleton Cody J.Salzmann Joseph e.Kaiser Shannon C.F.Smith Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and Fish Commission Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Background Since the late 1990s, bigheaded carps(largely silver carp [Hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighead carp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower White River basin, Arkansas, we compared current(2017, “post-carp” establishment) fish assemblages to historical(2002, “pre-carp” establishment) fish assemblages. Fish assemblages were comprehensively assessed using multiple gears, including boat electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater(P e post-carp period as reflected by boat electrofishing and experimental gill nets. However, all indices were generally similar(P > 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assemblages depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that fish assemblages differed structurally between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assemblage differences were linked to both small and large abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), crappies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) declined between the pre-carp and postcarp periods. Conversely, abundances of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally increased during the same *** Although not possible to conclude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establish, the wide establishment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the lower White

关键词： Bigheaded carp Silver carp Aquatic nuisance species Fish assemblage Oxbow lake Large river

Kriging-boosted CR modeling for prompt infill drilling optimization

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 39-48页

作者： elizaveta S.Gladchenko Anna e.Gubanova Denis M.Orlov Dmitry A.Koroteev Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Russian Federation Digital Petroleum LLC Russian Federation

The capacitance-resistance model(CRM)has been a useful physics-based tool for obtaining production forecasts for ***,the model's limitations make it difficult to work with real field cases,where a lot of various events *** events often include new well commissioning(NWC).We introduce a workflow that combines CRM concepts and kriging into a single tool to handle these types of events during history ***,it can be used for selecting a new well placement during infill *** make the workflow even more versatile,an improved version of CRM was *** takes into account wells shut-ins and performed workovers by additional adjustment of the model *** preliminary re-weighing and interpolating these coefficients using kriging,the coefficients for potential wells can be *** approach was validated using both synthetic and real datasets,from which the cases of putting new wells into operation were *** workflow allows a fast assessment of future well performance with a minimal set of reservoir *** way,a lot of well placement scenarios can be considered,and the best ones could be chosen for more detailed studies.

关键词： Capacitance-resistance model(CRM) Field development optimization Infill drilling Interwell connectivity Kriging New well commissioning(NWC)

Cloud Datacenter Selection Using Service Broker Policies:A Survey

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 1-41页

作者： Salam Al-e’mari Yousef Sanjalawe Ahmad Al-Daraiseh Mohammad Bany Taha Mohammad Aladaileh Department of Information Security Faculty of ITUniversity of PetraAmman11196Jordan Department of Cybersecurity School of ITAmerican University of Madaba(AUM)Amman11821Jordan Department of Computer Science School of ITAmerican University of Madaba(AUM)Amman11821Jordan Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence School of ITAmerican University of Madaba(AUM)Amman11821Jordan

Amid the landscape of Cloud Computing(CC),the Cloud Datacenter(DC)stands as a conglomerate of physical servers,whose performance can be hindered by bottlenecks within the realm of proliferating CC services.A linchpin in CC’s performance,the Cloud Service Broker(CSB),orchestrates DC *** to adroitly route user requests with suitable DCs transforms the CSB into a bottleneck,endangering service *** tackle this,deploying an efficient CSB policy becomes imperative,optimizing DC selection to meet stringent Qualityof-Service(QoS)*** numerous CSB policies,their implementation grapples with challenges like costs and *** article undertakes a holistic review of diverse CSB policies,concurrently surveying the predicaments confronted by current *** foremost objective is to pinpoint research gaps and remedies to invigorate future policy ***,it extensively clarifies various DC selection methodologies employed in CC,enriching practitioners and researchers *** synthetic analysis,the article systematically assesses and compares myriad DC selection *** analytical insights equip decision-makers with a pragmatic framework to discern the apt technique for their *** summation,this discourse resoundingly underscores the paramount importance of adept CSB policies in DC selection,highlighting the imperative role of efficient CSB policies in optimizing CC *** emphasizing the significance of these policies and their modeling implications,the article contributes to both the general modeling discourse and its practical applications in the CC domain.

关键词： Cloud computing cloud service broker datacenter selection quality-of-service user request

Investigation of the transformation of organic matter of carbonate deposits of the Semiluksky-Mendymsky horizon under hydrothermal conditions

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Petroleum 2024年第2期10卷 216-223页

作者： S.M.Petrov A.I.Lakhova e.G.Moiseeva A.G.Safiulina Institute of Petroleum Chemistry and NanotechnologiesKazan National Research Technological UniversityKazan420015Russia Institute of Geology and Oil and Gas Technologies Kazan Federal UniversityKazan420008Russia

The paper presents the results of studies on the transformation of the organic matter of siliceous-clayey carbonate rocks of the Semiluksko-Mendymsky horizon of the Romashkino oil field in a hydrothermal fluid for an hour(with a water-to-rock ratio of 33)at 340℃and 380℃and pressu res of 17 and 20 *** a result of hydrothermal treatment,at 340℃and 17 MPa,based on nitrogen porosimetry and electron microscopy data,transformations of rock-forming minerals in the rock are *** lead to an increase in the volume and average diameter of mesopores in it and the formation of micropores,as well,which improve its filtration *** the same time,the amount of kerogen in the composition of the organic matter decreases and the yield of the petroleum hydrocarbon extract increases,in which,according to the SARA analysis,the content of asphaltenes increases and the content of resins,aromatic and saturated hydrocarbons *** the composition of aroatic hydrocarbons,the proportion of a lkyltri methyl benzenes and dibenzothiophenes increases,phenanthrene homologues appear,and in the composition of saturated hydrocarbons,the amount of iso-structure alkanes decreases relative to the content of linear *** the temperature and pressure of the hydrothermal fluid to 380℃and 20 MPa increases the degree of kerogen conversion from 12.4%to 23.6%.At the same time,changes occurring in the component composition of petroleum hydrocarbon extracts remains similar to the experiments carried out at 340℃and 17 MPa;the content of naphthalenes decreases,the content of dibenzothiophenes increases and C_(11)-C_(17),C_(19)-C_(22)alkyltrimethylbenzenes *** to IR spectroscopy,with increasing temperature and pressure of the hydrothermal fluid the intensity of the absorption bands of the aromatic ring,aliphatic fragments,and oxygen-containing groups increases in resins;the structural-group composition of asphaltenes changes little:aromaticity and the content of conde

关键词： Carbonate deposits Organic matter Hydrothermal fluid Mobile hydrocarbons

Combination treatment of inflammatory bowel disease:Present status and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2068-2080页

作者： John K Triantafillidis Constantinos G Zografos Manousos M Konstadoulakis Apostolos e Papalois Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit "Metropolitan General"HospitalHolargos 15562AtticaGreece Hellenic Society for Gastrointestinal Oncology 354 Iera OdosChaidari 12461AtticaGreece The 2^(nd)Department of Surgery University of AthensSchool of MedicineAretaieion HospitalAthens 11528Greece Unit of Surgical Research and Training The 2^(nd)Department of SurgeryUniversity of AthensSchool of MedicineAretaieion HospitalAthens 11528Greece

The treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),especially those with severe or refractory disease,represents an important challenge for the clinical *** seems to be no exaggeration to say that in these patients,not only the scientific background of the gastroenterologist is tested,but also the abundance of“gifts”that he should possess(insight,intuition,determ-ination,ability to take initiative,etc.)for the successful outcome of the *** daily clinical practice,depending on the severity of the attack,IBD is treated with one or a combination of two or more pharmaceutical *** combin-ations include not only the first-line drugs(e.g.,mesalazine,corticosteroids,antibiotics,etc)but also second-and third-line drugs(immunosuppressants and biologic agents).It is a fact that despite the significant therapeutic advances there is still a significant percentage of patients who do not satisfactorily respond to the treatment ***,a part of these patients are going to *** recent years,several small-size clinical studies,reviews,and case reports have been published combining not only biological agents with other drugs(e.g.,immunosuppressants or corticosteroids)but also the combination of two biologi-cal agents simultaneously,especially in severe *** our opinion,it is at least a strange(and largely unexplained)fact that we often use combinations of drugs in a given patient although studies comparing the simultaneous administration of two or more drugs with monotherapy are very *** mentioned above,there is a timid tendency in the literature to combine two biological agents in severe cases unresponsive to the applied treatment or patients with severe extraintestinal *** appropriate dosage,the duration of the administration,the suitable timing for checking the clinical and laboratory outcome,as well as the treatment side-effects,should be the subject of intense clinical research *** this

关键词： Biologics for immune-mediated conditions Dual-targeted treatment Combination treatment Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s

Microalgae contribution in enhancing the circular economy drive of biochemical conversion systems-A review

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2024年第2期7卷 95-109页

作者： Kelechi e.Anyaoha Felix Krujatz Isla Hodgkinson Roman Maletz Christina Dornack Technische Universität Dresden Chair of Waste Management and Circular EconomyPratzschwitzer Str.1501796 PirnaGermany Institute of Natural Materials Technology RadebergGermany Biotopa gGmbH Center for Applied Aquaculture and Bioeconomy RadebergGermany Department of Agricultural engineering Imo State Polytechnic OmumaNigeria

The global impact of greenhouse gas emissions requires concerted efforts to reduce emissions and energy use,and to increase carbon capture and *** the circular economy in CO_(2)sequestration systems optimises resource use and reduces the emissions burden throughout the supply *** capture from anaerobic digestion,composting and fermentation(particularly ethanol)processes offers great opportunities for climate change *** waste/by-products generated from these processes can limit the need to source nutrients from outside the system and increase the potential for circular *** integration of microalgae cultivation with each of anaerobic digestion,composting and ethanol fermentation processes provides a new model for climate change mitigation of biogenic CO_(2)and circular *** this model is limited by high energy consumption and nutrient demand,seasonal variability,operational efficiency and end-user requirements,further research and policy support will go a long way in realising the associated benefits,including in CO_(2)fixation,nutrient recovery,waste remediation and as an alternative source of animal feed.

关键词： Circular economy Anaerobic digestion Composting Microalgae

Lactate-mediated medium-chain fatty acid production from expired dairy and beverage waste

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environmental Science and ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 278-286页

作者： Bin Bian Wenxiang Zhang Najiaowa Yu Wei Yang Jiajie Xu Bruce e.Logan Pascal e.Saikaly Water Desalination and Reuse Center(WDRC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia environmental Science and engineering Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering(BESE)DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Civil and environmental engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Research Centre of ecology&environment for Coastal Area and Deep Sea Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)Guangzhou511458China School of Marine Science Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China

Fruits,vegetables,and dairy products are typically the primary sources of household food ***,anaerobic digestion is the most used bioprocess for the treatment of food waste with concomitant generation of ***,to achieve a circular carbon economy,the organics in food waste should be converted to new chemicals with higher value than *** we demonstrate the feasibility of medium-chain carboxylic acid(MCCA)production from expired dairy and beverage waste via a chain elongation platform mediated by *** a two-stage fermentation process,the first stage with optimized operational conditions,including varying temperatures and organic loading rates,transformed expired dairy and beverage waste into lactate at a concentration higher than 900 mM C at 43℃.This lactate was then used to produce>500 mM C caproate and>300 mM C butyrate via microbial chain ***,lactate-producing microbes such as Lactobacillus and Lacticaseibacillus were regulated by temperature and could be highly enriched under mesophilic conditions in the firststage *** the second-stage chain elongation reactor,the dominating microbes were primarily from the genera Megasphaera and Caproiciproducens,shaped by varying feed and inoculum *** network analysis revealed positive correlations among species from the genera Caproiciproducens,Ruminococcus,and CAG-352,as well as Megasphaera,Bacteroides,and Solobacterium,indicating strong microbial interactions that enhance caproate *** findings suggest that producing MCCAs from expired dairy and beverage waste via lactate-mediated chain elongation is a viable method for sustainable waste management and could serve as a chemical production platform in the context of building a circular bioeconomy.

关键词： Microbial chain elongation Medium chain carboxylic acids Food waste Fermentation