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佛罗伦萨的漫游者

The soluble glycoprotein NMB(GPNMB)produced by macrophages induces cancer sternness and metastasis via CD44 and IL-33

作者： (英) e. V. 卢卡斯

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 711-722页

作者： M.Liguori e.Digifico A.Vacchini R.Avigni F.S.Colombo e.M.Borroni F.M.Farina S.Milanesi A.Castagna L.Mannarino I.Craparotta S.Marchini e.erba N.Panini M.Tamborini V.Rimoldi P.Allavena C.Belgiovine IRCCS Humanitas Clinical and Research Center Via Manzoni 5620089 RozzanoMlItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas Universityvia Rita Levi Montalcini 420089 Pieve EmanueleItaly Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine Universita degli Studi di MilanoVia Fratelli Cervi20090 SegrateItaly Department of Oncology Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS20156 MilanItaly

In cancer,myeloid cells have tumor-supporting *** reported that the protein GPNMB(glycoprotein nonmetastatic B)was profoundly upregulated in macrophages interacting with tumor ***,using mouse tumor models,we show that macrophage-derived soluble GPNMB increases tumor growth and metastasis in Gpnmb-mutant mice(DBA/2J).GPNMB triggers in the cancer cells the formation of self-renewing spheroids,which are characterized by the expression of cancer stem cell markers,prolonged cell survival and increased tumor-forming *** the CD44 receptor,GPNMB mechanistically activates tumor cells to express the cytokine IL-33 and its receptor UR1L. We also determined that recombinant IL-33 binding to IL-1R1L is sufficient to induce tumor spheroid formation with features of cancer stem ***,our results reveal a new paracrine axis,GPNMB and IL-33,which is activated during the cross talk of macrophages with tumor cells and eventually promotes cancer cell survival,the expansion of cancer stem cells and the acquisition of a metastatic phenotype.

关键词： cancer stem cells GPNMB IL-33 metastasis tumor associated macrophages

Hydrothermal Characteristics of Blended Cement Pastes Containing Silica Sand Using Cement Kiln Dust as an Activator

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2002年第5期18卷 474-478页

作者： S.A.Abo-el-enein F.I.el-Hosiny e.el-Shimy T.A.Osman Faculty of Sci. Ain Shams Univ. Abbassia-Cairo Egypt Building Res. Cent. Cairo P. O. Box 1770 Egypt

The hydrothermal reactivity of silica sand was studied using cement kiln dust (CKD) as an activator in addition to the Portland cement fraction of el-Karnak cement (a blend of ordinary Portland cement and ground sand). Autoclaved eI-Karnak cement pastes were studied at pressures of 0.507, 1.013 and 1.520 MPa of saturated steam with respect to their compressive strength, kinetics of hydrothermal reaction and the phase composition of the formed hydrates. The role of CKD in affecting the physicochemical and mechanical properties of eI-Karnak cement pastes was studied by autoclaving of several pastes containing 5, 7.5, 10 and 20% CKD at a pressure of 1.013 MPa of saturated steam. CKD was added either as a raw CKD (unwashed) or after washing with water (washed CKD). The results of these physicochemical studies obtained could be related as much as possible to the role of CKD (raw or washed) in affecting the hydrothermal reactivity of silica sand in eI-Karnak cement pastes.

关键词： Blended cement Silica Cement kiln dust Hydrothermal characteristics

Limited recovery following acellular nerve allograft reconstruction in major peripheral nerve injuries

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2023年第1期10卷 676-679页

作者： David Chi Anna Rose Johnson Susan e.Mackinnon Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of SurgeryWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMO 63110USA

Recent studies suggest that acellular nerve allografts(ANA)have similar efficacy as nerve autografts in certain applications of nerve ***,multiple studies also demonstrate the limitations of nerve allografts,resulting in poor patient *** submission discusses a recent case series of patients who failed allograft use with subsequent histologic analyses of these *** on the treatment of nerve gaps are presented,drawing from our current understanding of allograft and autograft utility in *** taken into account include recipient critical nerve function,existent nerve gap,and nerve diameter.

关键词： Nerve reconstruction peripheral nerve acellular nerve allograft nerve autograft

Pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes:Implications of inflammation and oxidative stress

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第3期14卷 130-146页

作者： Phiwayinkosi V Dludla Sihle e Mabhida Khanyisani Ziqubu Bongani B Nkambule Sithandiwe e Mazibuko-Mbeje Sidney Hanser Albert Kotze Basson Carmen Pheiffer Andre Pascal Kengne Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform South African Medical Research CouncilCape Town 7505South Africa Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University of ZululandKwaDlangezwa 3880South Africa Department of Biochemistry North-West UniversityMmabatho 2745South Africa School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4000South Africa Department of Physiology and environmental Health University of LimpopoSovenga 0727South Africa Department of Medicine University of Cape TownCape Town 7500South Africa Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit South African Medical Research CouncilTygerberg 7505South Africa

Insulin resistance and pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction are major pathological mechanisms implicated in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes(T2D).Beyond the detrimental effects of insulin resistance,inflammation and oxidative stress have emerged as critical features of T2D that defineβ-cell *** markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein,tumor necrosis factor alpha,and interleukin-1βare consistently associated withβ-cell failure in preclinical models and in people with ***,important markers of oxidative stress,such as increased reactive oxygen species and depleted intracellular antioxidants,are consistent with pancreaticβ-cell damage in conditions of *** effects illustrate a pathological relationship between an abnormal inflammatory response and generation of oxidative stress during the progression of *** current review explores preclinical and clinical research on the pathological implications of inflammation and oxidative stress during the development ofβ-cell dysfunction in ***,important molecular mechanisms and relevant biomarkers involved in this process are discussed to divulge a pathological link between inflammation and oxidative stress duringβ-cell failure in *** the clinical relevance of the review,a systematic analysis of evidence from randomized controlled trials is covered,on the potential therapeutic effects of some commonly used antidiabetic agents in modulating inflammatory makers to improveβ-cell function.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes Insulin resistance β-cell dysfunction Inflammation Oxidative stress

Distribution and ecological effect of mercury in Laogang landfill,Shanghai,China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2007年第2期19卷 200-204页

作者： DING Zhen-hua TANG Qing-he LIU Cai-e WANG Wen-hua ZHUANG Min LIN Yi-ming School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology MEC Jiangnan University Wuxi 214036 China School of environmental Science and engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China College of Oceanography and environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China

Laogang landfill near Shanghai is the largest landfill in China, and receives about 10000 t of daily garbage per day, Samples of topsoil and plants were analyzed to evaluate mercury pollution from the landfill. For topsoil samples, there were significant correlations among total mercury （HgT）, combinative mercury （Hgc） and gaseous mercury （HgG）, and content of total organic carbon （TOC）, but, no significantly relationship was found between Hg content and filling time. Hg content changes in vertical profiles with time showed that the average Hgv of profiles 1992, 1996, and 2000 was similar, but their average HgG was quite different. HgT was significantly correlated with Hgc in profile 1992 and 2000, and Hgv was significantly correlated with Hg6 in profile 1996. HgG/Hgv ratio in profile samples decreased in the order of （HgG,/HgT）1992〉（HgG/HgT）1996〉〉（HgG/HgT）2000. A simple outline of Hg release in landfill could be drawn： with increasing of filling time, degradation undergoes different biodegradation, accordingly, gaseous mercury goes through small, more, and small proportion to total mercury. Distribution of Hg in plants was inhomogeneous, following the order of leaf〉root〉stem. The highest value of leaf may be associated with higher atmospheric Hg from landfill. Ligneous plants （e.g. Phyllostachys glanca, Prunus salicina and Ligustrum lucidum） are capable of enriching more Hg than herbaceous plants.

关键词： mercury landfill distribution plant topsoil

AGe-0 SILVeR CARP AND GIZZARD SHAD DAILY GROWTH AND HATCH TIMING IN THe MIDDLe MISSISSIPPI RIVeR

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水生生物学报 2018年第6期42卷 1084-1088页

作者： WOLF Michael C. HAUPT Kevin PHeLPS Quinton e. Department of Natural Resources Fish and Wildlife Division204 Main Street East BaudetteMinnesota 56623USA U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service Carterville Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office 9053 Rt.148 Suite A MarionIllinois 62959USA West Virginia University Division of Forestry and Natural Resources307C Percival HallMorgantownWest Virginia 26505USA

The establishment of a highly efficient planktivore, Silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), in the Mississippi River Basin has been documented as having negative impacts on native planktivore populations. Silver carp have the potential, to alter the trophic food web through negative interactions with native planktivores in large river systems. Due to increasing Silver carp ranges, interactions between Silver carp and other native planktivores is likely to increase. One abundant native planktivore that is often found in similar habitats as Silver carp is Gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum). Potential competition for resources exists because of overlapping habitat use and forage. Given the similarities between these two planktivores, we sought to evaluate daily growth rates and determine hatch dates of age-0 Silver carp and Gizzard shad in the Middle Mississippi River. Silver carp and Gizzard shad were collected from the Middle Mississippi River using an electrified surface trawl from June through September with sizes ranging from 21—65 mm total length for Gizzard shad and 24—85 mm total length for Silver carp. A sample of age-0 fish(n=697) was collected at the end of the growing season including 292 Gizzard shad and 405 Silver carp. Size structure(total length in mm) of Silver carp(49.05±0.41; ± Se) was significantly greater(T= –16.43, df=695, Pes were similar between Silver carp(July 26 th to August 18 th) and Gizzard shad(July 28 th to August 19 th). Growth of Silver carp(2.24 mm per day) was significantly greater(Per day). Mortality was similar between Silver carp(28.1%)and Gizzard shad(25.1%) at this early life stage. The faster growth rates in Silver carp result in Silver carp entering the winter season larger in size with likely an increased capacity to consume plankton and decreased predation ultimately leading to higher recruitment. Knowing that there exists

关键词： Dorosoma cepedianum Silver carp

Theoretical Analysis of Solidly Mounted Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator with Nanocrystalline Diamond as High Impedance Material of Bragg Reflector

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2021年第2期28卷 1-7页

作者： Yujia e Sen Zhang Bing Dai Jiaqi Zhu Jiecai Han Center for Composite Materials and Structures Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China

In this paper,a solidly mounted resonator(SMR)was designed with nanocrystalline diamond(NCD)as the high acoustic impedance material of Bragg reflector to improve the *** used Mathcad to investigate the effect of the Bragg reflector on the performance of the SMR,as well as the influence of different materials and the number of layers of Bragg reflector on the quality factor *** show that the Bragg reflector could reduce energy loss effectively,and the higher the impedance of the high acoustic impedance layer,the better the *** parasitic factors of the SMR using two high acoustic impedance materials,tungsten(W)and NCD,were also simulated by an Advanced Design System(ADS)using the Mason *** was found that the parasitic effect caused by metal would significantly decrease the Q factor of the *** the frequency range below 6 GHz,within which the SMR works normally,NCD performed better than ***,NCD is a better choice of high acoustic impedance material in the design of the SMR,with improved quality at high frequency and low *** optimum number of layers of Bragg reflector is 6.

关键词： solidly mounted resonator(SMR) nanocrystalline diamond(NCD) Bragg reflector quality factor(Q) parasitic effect

Can crop science really help us to produce more betterquality food while reducing the world-wide environmental footprint of agriculture?

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and engineering 2020年第1期7卷 28-44页

作者： William J.DAVIeS Susan e.WARD Alan WILSON Lancaster environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLAI 4YQUK Waitrose and Partners Food RetailersWaite HouseBracknellRG128YAUK

This paper reviews recent developments in crop science that can be the basis of a revolution in the global food system but it is also emphasized that such a revolution requires more than changes in food production and *** must more effectively feed a growing global population with a healthy diet while also defining and delivering the kinds of sustainable food systems that will minimise damage to our *** are exciting new developments in crop production biology but much existing crop science can be exploited to increase yields with the aid of a knowledge exchange(Ke)framework requiring the use of new technology now available to most people across the *** discuss novel approaches at both the plant and the crop level that will enhance nutrient and water productivity and we also outline ways in which energy use and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions can be reduced and labor shortages *** of new biology and new engineering opportunities will require development of public-private partnerships and collaborations across the disciplines to allow us to move effectively from discovery science to practical *** is also important that consumers contribute to the debate over proposed changes to food and farming and so effective Ke mechanisms are required between all relevant communities.

关键词： food security environmental sustainability crop water use efficiency crop science diet and health