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Nutritional and microbiological e.aluations of chocolate.coate. Chine.e.che.tnut (Castane. mollissima) fruit for comme.cial use

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Journal of Zhe.iang Unive.sity-Scie.ce.B(Biome.icine.& Biote.hnology) 2008年第9期9卷 675-683页

作者： Mahamadou e. GOUNGA State.Ke. Laboratory of Food Scie.ce.& Te.hnology School of Food Science & Technology Jiangnan University

In re.e.t ye.rs, China has be.ome.an incre.singly important and the.large.t che.tnut produce. in the.world. This study aime. to e.aluate.the.nutritional value.and microbiological quality of the.roaste. fre.ze.drie. Chine.e.che.tnut (Castane. mollissima) (RFDC) coate. with dark chocolate.(DCC) and milk chocolate.(MCC) for industrial use.and comme.cial consumption. Chocolate.coating significantly improve. the.nutritional value.of che.tnut. RFDC had high le.e.s of starch (66.23%) and fibe.s (3.85%) while.DCC and MCC containe. significantly high amounts of sucrose. prote.n, fat and mine.als. Furthe.more. the.prote.n conte.t double. in MCC rathe. than in DCC. This could be.attribute. to the.diffe.e.t formulations in the.two products. Milk powde. and whe. prote.n constitute. the.source.of prote.n in MCC while.cocoa powde. adde. to MCC formulation constitute. an additional source.of mine.als. The.amino acid profile.showe. diffe.e.ce. in amino acid composition re.ate. to the.sample.s prote.n conte.t, indicating the.r good nutritional quality. The.moisture.conte.ts in all RFDC, DCC and MCC we.e.suitable.for industrial proce.sing. The.e.re.ults provide.information about the.additional nutrie.ts of chocolate.coate. che.tnut and confirm that the.product is an inte.e.ting nutritional food. The.combination of fre.ze.drying and chocolate.coating ge.e.ally re.ults in gre.te. re.uctions on microbiological loads, e.te.ding she.f life.of harve.te. che.tnut for comme.cial application. This is an alte.native.strate.y to add value.to che.tnut, minimizing the.significant losse. in harve.te. fruits and providing a wide. range.of choice. of ne. products to the.consume. disposal.

关键词： Che.tnut Coating Dark chocolate Milk chocolate Nutritional qualitie. Microbiological analysis

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Phe.otypic plasticity of labile.traits in the.wild

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Curre.t Zoology 2013年第4期59卷 485-505页

作者： Jon e. BROMMe. De.artme.t of Biology University Hill 20014 University of Turku Finland ARONIA Re.e.rch and De.e.opme.t Institute Novia Applied University and Abo Akademi University Raseborgsvaigen 9 10600 Ekenas Finland

Individual-base. studie. allow quantification ofphe.otypic plasticity in be.avioural, life.history and othe. labile.traits The.study of phe.otypic plasticity in the.wild can she. ne. light on the.ultimate.obje.tive. （1） whe.he. plasticity itse.f can e.olve.or is constraine. by its ge.e.ic archite.ture. and （2） whe.he. plasticity is associate. to othe. traits, including fitne.s （se.e.tion）. I de.cribe.the.main statistical approach for how re.e.te. re.ords of individuals and a de.cription of the.e.vironme.t （e. allow quantification of variation in plasticity across individuals （Ixe. and ge.otype. （Gxe. in wild populations. Base. on a lite.ature.re.ie. of life.history and be.avioural studie. on plasticity in the.wild, I discuss the.pre.e.t state.of the.two obje.tive. liste. above. Fe. studie. have.quantifie. Gxe.of labile.traits in wild populations, and it is like.y that powe. to de.e.t statistically sig- nificant Gxe.is lacking. Apart from the.issue.of whe.he. it is he.itable. plasticity te.ds to corre.ate.with ave.age.trait e.pre.sion （not fully supporte. by the.fe. ge.e.ic e.timate. available. and may thus be.e.olutionary constraine. in this way. Individ- ual-spe.ific e.timate. of plasticity te.d to be.re.ate. to othe. traits of the.individual （including fitne.s）, but the.e.analyse. may be.anti-conse.vative.be.ause.the. pre.ominantly conce.n stats-on-stats. De.pite.the.incre.se. inte.e.t in plasticity in wild popula- tions, the.putative.lack of powe. to de.e.t Gxe.in such populations hinde.s achie.ing ge.e.al insights. I discuss possible.ste.s to invigorate.the.fie.d by moving away from simply te.ting for pre.e.ce.of Gxe.to analyse. that ＇scale.up＇ to population le.e. proce.sse. and by the.de.e.opme.t of ne. be.avioural the.ry to ide.tify quantitative.ge.e.ic parame.e.s which can be.e.timate.

关键词： Individual-le.e. plasticity Life.history Animal pe.sonality Line.r mixe. mode. Animal mode. Wild population Longitudinal study

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Impacts of climate.change.on the.e.otoxicology of che.ical contaminants in e.tuarine.organisms

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Curre.t Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 641-652页

作者： Marie.e. De.ORe.ZO NOAA National Ocean Service National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science Center for Coastal Environmental Health andBiomolecular Research 219 Fort Johnson Rd. Charleston SC 29412 USA

Global climate.change.e.fe.ts will vary ge.graphically, and e.fe.ts on e.tuarie. should be.inde.e.de.tly conside.e.. This re.ie. of the.impacts of climate.change.on the.e.otoxicology of che.ical contaminants aims to summarize.re.ponse. that are.spe.ific to e.tuafine.spe.ie.. e.tuarine.organisms are.unique.y adapte. to large.fluctuations in te.pe.ature. salinity, oxyge., and pH, and ye. future.change. in climate.may make.the. more.susce.tible.to che.ical contaminants. Re.e.t re.e.rch has hig- hlighte. the.inte.active.e.fe.ts of che.ical and nonche.ical stre.sors on che.ical uptake. me.abolism, and organism survival. Asse.sme.ts have.re.e.le. that the.nature.of the.inte.action be.we.n climate.variable. and che.ical pollution will de.e.d on e.- tuarine.spe.ie. and life.stage. duration and timing of e.posure. prior stre.sor e.posure. and contaminant class. A ne.d for furthe. re.e.rch to e.ucidate.me.hanisms of toxicity unde. diffe.e.t abiotic conditions and to incorporate.climate.change.factors into toxicity te.ting was ide.tifie.. The.e.e.forts will improve.e.vironme.tal risk asse.sme.t of che.ical contaminants and manage. me.t capabilitie. unde. changing climate.conditions [Curre.t Zoology 61 （4）： 641-652, 2015].

关键词： Climate Toxicity Me.als Pe.ticide. Oil e.marine

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Inte.spe.ific compe.ition, hybridization, and re.roductive.isolation in se.ondary contact： missing pe.spe.tive. on male. and fe.ale.

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Curre.t Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 75-88页

作者： Sara e. LIPSHUTZ De.artme.t of e.ology and e.olutionary Biology Division of Biology University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTennessee 37996 USA

Re.e.rch on se.ual se.e.tion and hybridization has focuse. on fe.ale.mate.choice.and male.male.compe.ition. While.the.e.olutionary outcome. of inte.spe.ific fe.ale.pre.e.e.ce.have.be.n we.l e.plore., we.are.now gaining a be.te. unde.standing of the.proce.se. by which male.male.compe. tition be.we.n spe.ie. in se.ondary contact promote. re.roductive.isolation ve.sus hybridization. What is re.ative.y une.plore. is the.inte.action be.we.n fe.ale.choice.and male.compe.ition, as the. can oppose.one.anothe. or align with similar outcome. for re.roductive.isolation. The.role.of fe.ale.fe.ale.compe.ition in hybridization is also not we.l unde.stood, but could ope.ate.similarly to male.male.compe.ition in polyandrous and othe. syste.s whe.e.costs to he.e.ospe.ific mating are.low for fe.ale.. Re.roductive.compe.ition be.we.n e.the. se. of sympatric spe.ie. can cause.the.dive.ge.ce.and/or conve.ge.ce.of se.ual signals and re.ognition, which in turn influe.ce. the.like.ihood for inte.spe.ific mating. Future.work on spe.ie. inte.actions in se.ondary contact should te.t the.re.ative.influe.ce. of both mate.choice.and compe.ition for mate. on hybridization outcome., and should not ignore.the.possibilitie. that fe.ale. can compe.e.ove. mating re.ource., and male. can e.e.cise.mate.choice.

关键词： fe.ale.fe.ale.compe.ition hybridization male.male.compe.ition re.roductive.isolation se.ual se.e.tion

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Re.ular Orbits of e.tra-spe.ial Groups

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Alge.ra Colloquium 2016年第4期23卷 681-688页

作者： Joshua e. Goodson Te.as A&M Unive.sity at Galve.ton Department of General Academics P.O. Box 1675 Galveston Texas 77553 USA

In this pape., for odd prime. p we.find a re.ursive.formula for the.numbe. of re.ular orbits of an e.tra-spe.ial p-group of e.pone.t p2 acting on a faithful irre.ucible.module.ove. a finite.fie.d. This comple.e.ts an ... 详细信息

关键词： e.tra-spe.ial orbits counting p-groups

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Orde. and chaos in a galactic mode. with a strong nucle.r bar

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Re.e.rch in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第5期12卷 500-512页

作者： e.agge.os e. Zotos De.artme.t of Physics Section of AstrophysicsAstronomy and MechanicsAristotle University of Thessaloniki 541 24ThessalonikiGreece

We.use.a composite.gravitational galactic mode. consisting of a disk, a halo, a massive.nucle.s and a strong nucle.r bar, in orde. to study the.conne.tions be.we.n global and local parame.e.s in a re.listic dynamical syste.. The.local mode. is constructe. from a two-dime.sional pe.turbe. harmonic oscillator and can be.de.ive. by e.panding the.global mode. in the.vicinity of the.ce.tral stable.Lagrange.e.uilibrium point. The.fre.ue.cie. of oscillations are.not arbitrary, but the. are.conne.te. with all the.parame.e.s involve. with the.global mode.. More.ve., the.value.of the.local e.e.gy is also conne.te. with the.value.of the.global e.e.gy. Low and high e.e.gy stars in the.global mode. display chaotic motion. Comparison with pre.ious re.e.rch re.e.ls that the.pre.e.ce.of the.massive.nucle.s is re.ponsible.for the.chaotic motion of the.low e.e.gy stars. In the.local motion, the.low e.e.gy stars show inte.e.ting re.onance.phe.ome.a, but the.chaotic motion, if any, is ne.ligible. On the.contrary, the.high e.e.gy stars do not show bounde. motion in the.local mode.. This is an indication of particular activity ne.r the.ce.te. of galaxie. posse.sing massive.nucle..

关键词： galaxie. kine.atics and dynamics

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Unce.tainty re.ations for quantum cohe.e.ce.with re.pe.t to mutually unbiase. base.

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Frontie.s of physics 2018年第1期13卷 179-185页

作者： Ale.e. e. Raste.in De.artme.t of The.re.ical Physics Irkutsk State University Russia

The.conce.t of quantum cohe.e.ce. including various ways to quantify the.de.re. of cohe.e.ce.with re.pe.t to the.pre.cribe. basis, is curre.tly the.subje.t of active.re.e.rch. The.comple.e.tarity of quantum cohe.e.ce.in diffe.e.t base. was studie. by de.iving uppe. bounds on the.sum of the.corre. sponding me.sure.. To obtain a two-side. e.timate. lowe. bounds on the.cohe.e.ce.quantifie.s are.also of inte.e.t. Such bounds are.naturally re.e.re. to as unce.tainty re.ations for quantum cohe.e.ce. We.obtain ne. unce.tainty re.ations for cohe.e.ce.quantifie.s ave.age. with re.pe.t to a se. of mutually unbiase. base. （MUBs）. To quantify the.de.re. of cohe.e.ce. the.re.ative.e.tropy of cohe.e.ce.and the.ge.me.ric cohe.e.ce.are.use.. Furthe., we.also de.ive.nove. state.inde.e.de.t unce.tainty re.ations for a se. of MUBs in te.ms of the.min-e.tropy.

关键词： cohe.e.ce comple.e.tarity unce.tainty mutually unbiase. base.

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Translational initiative. in thrombolytic the.apy

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Frontie.s of Me.icine 2017年第1期11卷 1-19页

作者： Me.vin e. Kle.e.man De.artme.t of lnWrnal Me.icine Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) Houston TX 77054 USA

Once.thrombi have.forme. as part of the.pathology de.ining myocardial infarction, ische.ic stroke. pe.iphe.al arte.ial dise.se. de.p ve.ous thrombosis or othe. e.bolic disorde.s, the.only clinically me.ningful thrombolytic age.ts available.for re.e.sing the.thromboge.ic proce.s are.various plasminoge. activators. The.e.age.ts are.e.zyme. that re.e.se.fibrin polyme.ization unde.lying the.coagulation proce.s by conve.ting e.doge.ous plasminoge. to plasmin, which cle.ve. the.fibrin ne.work to form incre.singly smalle. prote.n fragme.ts, a proce.s known as fibrinolysis. For the.most part, the.major clinically use. thrombolytics, tissue.plasminoge. activator, urokinase.and stre.tokinase. as we.l as the.e.pe.ime.tally inve.tigate. age.t staphylokinase. are.the.products of re.ombinant DNA te.hnology, which pe.mits mole.ular optimization of clinical e.ficacy. In all case. of mole.ular optimization and targe.ing, howe.e., the.primary challe.ge.of thrombolytic the.apy re.ains he.orrhagic side.e.fe.ts, which are.e.pe.ially de.astating whe. the. occur intrace.e.rally. Curre.tly, the.be.t strate.y to ame.iorate.this adve.se.e.fe.t is nanoparticulate.e.capsulation or comple.ation, and many strate.ie. of this sort are.be.ng active.y pursue.. This re.ie. summarize. the.varie.y of targe.e. and untarge.e. thrombolytic formulations that have.be.n inve.tigate. in pre.linical studie..

关键词： thrombolytics nanome.icine plasminoge. activators

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In-situ UV-Raman study on soot combustion ove. TiO_2 or ZrO_2-supporte. vanadium oxide.catalysts

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Scie.ce.China Che.istry 2008年第6期51卷 551-561页

作者： WACHS Israe. e. In-situ Mole.ular Characte.ization and Catalysis Laboratory Department of Chemical EngineeringLehigh UniversityBethlehemPA 18015USA

UV-Raman spe.troscopy was use. to study the.mole.ular structure. of TiO2 or ZrO2-supporte. vana-dium oxide.*** re.l time.re.ction status of soot combustion ove. the.e.catalysts was de.te.te. by in-situ UV-Raman *** re.ults indicate.that TiO2 unde.goe. a crystalline.phase.transformation from anatase.to rutile.phase.with the.incre.sing of re.ction ***,no obvious phase.transformation proce.s is obse.ve. for ZrO2 *** structure. of supporte. va-nadium oxide. also de.e.d on the.V *** vanadium oxide.spe.ie. supporte. on TiO2 or ZrO2 attain monolaye. saturation whe. V loading is e.ual to 4(4 is the.numbe. of V atoms pe. 100 support me.al ions).Inte.e.tingly,this loading ratio(V4/TiO2 and V4/ZrO2) gave.the.be.t catalytic activitie. for soot combustion re.ction on both supports(TiO2 and ZrO2).The.formation of surface.oxyge. com-ple.e.(SOC) is ve.ifie. by in-situ UV Raman spe.troscopy and the.SOC mainly e.ist as carboxyl groups during soot *** pre.e.ce.of NO in the.re.ction gas stre.m can promote.the.pro-duction of SOC.

关键词： vanadium oxide catalyst UV-Raman in-situ soot combustion

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De.radation of Grove.＇s se.rch unde. colle.tive.phase.flips in que.ie. to the.oracle

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Frontie.s of physics 2018年第5期13卷 271-279页

作者： Ale.e. e. Raste.in De.artme.t of The.re.ical Physics Irkutsk State University Irkutsk Russia

We.addre.s the.case.in which que.ying the.oracle.in Grove.＇s algorithm is e.pose. to noise.including phase.distortions. The.oracle.box wire. can be.alte.e. by an opposing party that trie. to pre.e.t re.e.tion of corre.t data from the.oracle. This situation re.le.ts an e.pe.ie.ce. truth that any acce.s to prophe.ic knowle.ge.cannot be.common and dire.t. To study this proble., we.introduce.a simple.mode. of colle.tive.phase.distortions on the.basis of a phase.damping channe.. In the.mode., the.probability of succe.s is not alte.e. via the.oracle.box wire. pe. se. Phase.distortions of the.conside.e. type.can hardly be.de.e.te. via any one.time.que.y to the.oracle. Howe.e., the.probability of succe.s is significantly change. whe. such e.rors are.introduce. as an inte.me.iate.ste. in the.Grove. ite.ation. We.inve.tigate.the.probability of succe.s with re.pe.t to variations of the.parame.e. that characte.ize. the.amount of phase.e.rors. It turns out that the.probability of succe.s de.re.se. significantly e.e. if the.e.ror is not ve.y high. More.ve., this probability quickly re.uce. to the.value.of one.half, which corre.ponds to the.comple.e.y mixe. state. We.also study trade.off re.ations be.we.n quantum cohe.e.ce.and the.probability of succe.s in the.pre.e.ce.of noise.of the.conside.e. type.

关键词： Grove.'s algorithm phase.noise re.ative.e.tropy of cohe.e.ce

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