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Consequences of bullying victimization in childhood and adolescence:A systematic review and meta-analysis

World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第1期7卷 60-76页

作者： Sophie e Moore rosana e Norman Shuichi Suetani Hannah J Thomas Peter D Sly James G scott Child Health research Centre the University of Queensland Institute of Health and Biomedical Innova-tion Queensland University of Technology School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of Technology Queensland Centre for Mental Health research the Park Centre for Mental Health Faculty of Medicine the University of Queensland the University of Queensland Centre for Clinical research the University of Queensland Metro North Mental Health Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital

AIM To identify health and psychosocial problems associated with bullying victimization and conduct a meta-analysis summarizing the causal *** A systematic review was conducted using Pub Med, eMBASe, erIC and Psyc INFO electronic databases up to 28 February 2015. The study included published longitudinal and cross-sectional articles that examined health and psychosocial consequences of bullying victimization. All meta-analyses were based on qualityeffects models. evidence for causality was assessed using Bradford Hill criteria and the grading system developed by the World Cancer research *** Out of 317 articles assessed for eligibility, 165 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria for *** significant associations were observed between bullying victimization and a wide range of adverse health and psychosocial problems. The evidence was strongest for causal associations between bullying victimization and mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, poor general health and suicidal ideation and behaviours. Probable causal associations existed between bullying victimization and tobacco and illicit drug use. CONCLUSION Strong evidence exists for a causal relationship between bullying victimization, mental health problems and substance use. evidence also exists for associations between bullying victimization and other adverse health and psychosocial problems, however, there is insufficient evidence to conclude causality. The strong evidence that bullying victimization is causative of mental illness highlights the need for schools to implement effective interventions to address bullying behaviours.

关键词： Bullying Victimization Systematic review Meta-analysis Child Adolescent

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Organorhenium(Ⅶ) oxides

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rare Metals 2006年第z1期25卷 411-421页

作者： KüHN Fritz e. JAIN Kavita r. Department für Chemie der Technischen Universitt München Lichtenbergstrasse 4 D-85747 Garching bei München Germany

Methyltrioxorhenium (MTO) and its derivatives were utilized as catalysts for a broad variety of organic reactions after the discovery of an easy synthetic access way to this class of compounds. Among the numerous characterization techniques, 17O-NMr spectroscopy and vibrational spectroscopy were exemplary discussed. The immobilization of MTO and its derivatives is of significant current interest as is the synthesis of chiral derivatives.

关键词： catalysis epoxidation immobilization olefination rhenium

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efficacy of peroral endoscopic myotomy vs other achalasia treatments in improving esophageal function

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第20期22卷 4918-4925页

作者： Madhusudhan r Sanaka Umar Hayat Prashanthi N Thota ramprasad Jegadeesan Monica ray scott L Gabbard Neha Wadhwa rocio Lopez Mark e Baker Sudish Murthy Siva raja Department of Gastroenterology Q3 Cleveland Clinic Department of radiology Cleveland Clinic Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Cleveland Clinic

AIM: To assess and compare the esophageal function after peroral endoscopic myotomy(POeM) vs other conventional treatments in ***: Chart review of all achalasia patients who underwent POeM, laparoscopic Heller myotomy(LHM) or pneumatic dilation(PD) at our institution between January 2012 and March 2015 was performed. Patient demographics, type of achalasia, prior treatments, pre- and post-treatment timed barium swallow(TBe) and high-resolution esophageal manometry(HreM) findings were compared between the three treatment groups. Patients who had both pre- and 2 mo posttreatment TBe or HreM were included in the final analysis. TBe parameters compared were barium column height, width and volume of barium remaining at 1 and 5 min. HreM parameters compared were basal lower esophageal sphincter(LeS) pressures and LeS-integrated relaxation pressures(IrP). Data are presented as mean ± SD, median [25th, 75 th percentiles] or frequency(percent). Analysis of variance, KruskalWallis test, Pearsons χ~2 test and Fishers exact tests were used for ***: A total of 200 achalasia patients were included of which 36 underwent POeM, 22 underwent PD and 142 underwent LHM. POeM patients were older(55.4 ± 16.8 years vs 46.5 ± 15.7 years, P = 0.013) and had higher BMI than LHM(29.1 ± 5.9 kg/m^2 vs 26 ± 5.1 kg/m^2, P = 0.012). More number of patients in POeM and PD groups had undergone prior treatments compared to LHM group(72.2% vs 68.2% vs 44.3% respectively, P = 0.003). At 2 mo post-treatment, all TBe parameters including barium column height, width and volume remaining at 1 and 5 min improved significantly in all three treatment groups(P = 0.01 to P except the column height at 1 min in PD group(P = 0.11). At 2 mo post-treatment, there was significant improvement in basal LeS pressure and LeS-IrP in both LHM(40.5 mm Hg vs 14.5 mm Hg and 24 mm Hg vs 7.1 mm Hg respectively, P eM groups(38.7 mm Hg vs 11.4 mm Hg and 23.6 mm Hg vs 6.6 mm Hg res

关键词： Achalasia Dysphagia Heller myotomy Peroral endoscopic myotomy Manometry Pneumatic dilation

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Mercury bioaccumulation in aquatic biota along a salinity gradient in the Saint John river estuary

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2018年第6期30卷 41-54页

作者： Bethany L.reinhart Karen A.Kidd r.Allen Curry Nelson J.O’Driscoll scott A.Pavey Department of Biology and Canadian rivers Institute University of New Brunswick Saint John Saint John New Brunswick E2L4L5 Canada Department of Biology Forestry and Environmental Management and Canadian Rivers Institute University of New Brunswick Fredericton New Brunswick E3B4A3 Canada Department of earth and environmental Sciences Acadia University Wolfville Nova Scotia B4P2R6 Canada Department of Biology and School of Geography & earth Sciences McMaster University Hamilton Ontario LSS 4K1 Canada

Although estuaries are critical habitats for many aquatic species, the spatial trends of toxic methylmercury（MeHg） in biota from fresh to marine waters are poorly understood. Our objective was to determine if MeHg concentrations in biota changed along a salinity gradient in an estuary. Fourspine Stickleback（Apeltes quadracus）, invertebrates（snails,amphipods, and chironomids）, sediments, and water were collected from ten sites along the Saint John river estuary, New Brunswick, Canada in 2015 and 2016, with salinities ranging from 0.06 to 6.96. Total mercury（proxy for MeHg） was measured in whole fish and MeHg was measured in a subset of fish, pooled invertebrates, sediments, and water. Stable sulfur（δ34S）, carbon（δ13 C）, and nitrogen（δ15N） isotope values were measured to assess energy sources（S, C） and relative trophic level（N）. There were increases in biotic δ13C and δ34S from fresh to more saline sites and these measures were correlated with *** aqueous MeHg was higher at the freshwater than more saline sites, only chironomid MeHg increased significantly with salinity. In the Saint John river estuary, there was little evidence that MeHg and its associated risks increased along a salinity gradient.

关键词： Stickleback Amphipod Methylmercury Biomagnification Stable isotopes Food web

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Assessing Sustainability of Land Management Using a risk Identification Model

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Pedosphere 2003年第1期13卷 41-48页

作者： P.r.STePHeNS A.e.Hewitt 等 Landcareresearch PrivateBag11052PalmerstonNorth（NewZealand） Landcareresearch.P.O.Box69 Lincoln（NewZealand）

New Zealand is highly dependent on its soil resource for continued agricultural production. To avoiddepleting this resource, there is a need to identify soils and associated land management practices wherethere is a risk of soil degradation. environmental integrity and ecosystem services also need to be ***, to ensure sustainable production, the on- and off-site environmental impacts of land managementneed to be identified and managed. We developed a structural vulnerability index for New Zealand soils. Thisindex ranks soils according to their inherent susceptibility to physical degradation when used for agricultural(pasture, forestry and cropping) purposes. We also developed a rule-based model to assess soil compactionvulnerability by characterising the combined effects of resistance and resilience. Other soil attributes havebeen appraised using seven chemical, physical and biological indicators of soil quality. These indicators havebeen applied in a nation-wide project involving data collection from over 500 sites for a range of land *** soil quality data can be interpreted via the World Wide Web - through the interactive decision-support tool SINDI. The land-use impact model is a framework to assess agricultural land management andenvironmental sustainability, and may be applied to land units at any scale. Using land resource data andinformation the model explicitly identifies hazards to land productivity and environmental integrity. It utilisesqualitative expert and local knowledge and quantitative model-based evaluations to assess the potentialenvironmental impacts of land-management practices. The model is linked to a geographic informationsystem (GIS), allowing model outputs, such as the environmental impacts of site-specific best managementpractices, to be identified in a spatially explicit manner. The model has been tested in New Zealand in anarea of pastoral land use. Advantages of this risk identification model include: utilising

关键词： land-use planning soil quality resilience resistance sustainableagriculture

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Mechanical properties of Al-15Mg_(2)Si composites prepared under different solidification cooling rates

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第6期29卷 1249-1260页

作者： e.Safary r.Taghiabadi M.H.Ghoncheh Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy Imam Khomeini International UniversityQazvinIran Department of Mechanical engineering University of New BrunswickFrederictonNBCanada

The effect of different cooling rates(2.7,5.5,17.1,and 57.5℃/s)on the solidification parameters,microstructure,and mechanical properties of Al-15Mg_(2)Si composites was *** results showed that a high cooling rate refined the Mg_(2)Si particles and changed their morphology to more compacted forms with less microcracking *** average radius and fraction of primary Mg_(2)Si particles decreased from 20μm and 13.5%to about 10μm and 7.3%,respectively,as the cooling rate increased from 2.7 to 57.5℃/*** the cooling rate also improved the distribution of microconstituents and decreased the grain size and volume fraction of *** mechanical properties results revealed that augmenting the cooling rate from 2.7 to about 57.5℃/s increased the hardness and quality index by 25%and245%,*** high cooling rate also changed the fracture mechanism from a brittle-dominated mode to a high-energy ductile mode comprising extensive dimpled zones.

关键词： Al-15Mg_(2)Si composite solidification cooling rate thermal analysis mechanical properties

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A GPU-Accelerated Mixed-Precision WeNO Method for extremal Black Hole and Gravitational Wave Physics Computations

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2023年第1期5卷 97-115页

作者： scott e.Field Sigal Gottlieb Zachary J.Grant Leah F.Isherwood Gaurav Khanna University of Massachusetts Dartmouth North DartmouthMA 02747USA Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37830USA University of rhode Island KingstonRI 02881USA

We develop and use a novel mixed-precision weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WeNO)method for solving the Teukolsky equation,which arises when modeling perturbations of Kerr black *** show that WeNO methods outperform higher-order finite-difference methods,standard in the discretization of the Teukolsky equation,due to the need to add dissipation for stability purposes in the *** particular,as the WeNO scheme uses no additional dissipation,it is well suited for scenarios requiring long-time evolution such as the study of price tails and gravitational wave emission from extreme mass ratio *** the mixed-precision approach,the expensive computation of the WeNO weights is performed in reduced floating-point precision that results in a significant speedup factor of≈*** addition,we use state-of-the-art Nvidia general-purpose graphics processing units and cluster parallelism to further accelerate the WeNO *** optimized WeNO solver can be used to quickly generate accurate results of significance in the field of black hole and gravitational wave *** apply our solver to study the behavior of the Aretakis charge—a conserved quantity,that if detected by a gravitational wave observatory like LIGO/Virgo would prove the existence of extremal black holes.

关键词： Numerical methods-Finite differencing Hyperbolic Partial differential equations Black holesblack holes WeNO

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Fabrication and mechanical properties of chitosan composite membrane containing hydroxyapatite particles

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2012年第1期1卷 66-71页

作者： H.r.Le S.QU r.e.MACKAY r.rOTHWeLL School of Marine Science and engineering University of PlymouthPlymouthPL48AAUnited Kingdom School of engineering Physics and MathematicsUniversity of DundeeDundeeDD12HNUnited Kingdom Centre for electronics Systems research School of Engineering and DesignUniversity of BrunelUxbridgeUB83PHUnited Kingdom

This paper described the development of chitosan composites containing precipitated hydroxyapatite particles for potential applications in orthopaedic surgery or waste water *** synthetic process and morphology of hydroxyapatite were *** effects of hydroxyapatite content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of composites were *** was found that the Young’s Modulus of the composites decreases with hydroxyapatite content while the failure strength and strain increase with the hydroxyapatite content.

关键词： membrane chitosan hydroxyapatite composites

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Generative Adversarial Networks for Secure Data Transmission in Wireless Network

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第3期35卷 3757-3784页

作者： e.Jayabalan r.Pugazendi Department of Computer Science Government Arts College(A)Salem636007Tamil NaduIndia

In this paper,a communication model in cognitive radios is developed and uses machine learning to learn the dynamics of jamming attacks in cognitive *** is designed further to make their transmission decision that automati-cally adapts to the transmission dynamics to mitigate the launched jamming *** generative adversarial learning neural network(GALNN)or genera-tive dynamic neural network(GDNN)automatically learns with the synthesized training data(training)with a generator and discriminator type neural networks that encompass minimax game *** elimination of the jamming attack is carried out with the assistance of the defense strategies and with an increased detection rate in the generative adversarial network(GAN).The GDNN with game theory is designed to validate the channel condition with the cross entropy loss function and back-propagation algorithm,which improves the communica-tion reliability in the *** simulation is conducted in NS2.34 tool against several performance metrics to reduce the misdetection rate and false alarm *** results show that the GDNN obtains an increased rate of successful transmis-sion by taking optimal actions to act as a defense mechanism to mislead the jam-mer,where the jammer makes high misclassiﬁcation errors on transmission dynamics.

关键词： Generative adversarial learning neural network Jammer Minimax game theory Attacks

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Genetic pathways controlling inflorescence architecture and development in wheat and barley

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第3期61卷 296-309页

作者： Adam Gauley scott A.Boden Department of Crop Genetics John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park

Modifications of inflorescence architecture have been crucial for the successful domestication of wheat and barley, which are central members of the Triticeae tribe that provide essential grains for the human diet. Investigation of the genes and alleles that underpin domestication-related traits has provided valuable insights into the molecular regulation of inflorescence development of the Triticeae, and further investigation of modified forms of architecture are proving to be equally *** identified genes are involved in diverse biological processes, including transcriptional regulation, hormone biosynthesis and metabolism, post-transcriptional and post-translational regulation, which alter inflorescence architecture by modifying the development and fertility of lateral organs, called spikelets and florets. recent advances in sequencing capabilities and the generation of mutant populations are accelerating the identification of genes that influence inflorescence development, which is important given that genetic variation for this trait promises to be a valuable resource for optimizing grain production. This review assesses recent advances in our understanding of the genes controlling inflorescence development in wheat and barley, with the aim of highlighting the importance of improvements in developmental biology for optimizing the agronomic performance of staple crop plants.

关键词： Genetic pathways Modifications architecture

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