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Conceptual design of an ex.eriment to study dust destruction by astrophysical shock waves

High Power Laser Science and engineering 2018年第3期6卷 9-14页

作者： M. J.-e. Manuel T. Temim e. Dwek A. M. Angulo e x. belancourt R. e Drake C. C. Kuranz M. J. MacDonald B. A. Remington General Atomics 3550 General Atomics Court San Diego CA 92121 USA Space Telescope Science Institute 3700 San Martin Drive Baltimore MD 21218 USA Observational Cosmology Lab Code 665 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20771 USA Climate and Space Science and engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor M148109 USA Department of Physics University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA 94450 USA

A novel laboratory ex.erimental design is described that will investigate the processing of dust grains in astrophysical shocks. Dust is a ubiquitous ingredient in the interstellar medium(ISM) of galax.es; however, its evolutionary cycle is still poorly understood. especially shrouded in mystery is the efficiency of grain destruction by astrophysical shocks generated by ex.anding supernova remnants. While the evolution of these remnants is fairly well understood, the grain destruction efficiency in these shocks is largely unknown. The ex.eriments described herein will fill this knowledge gap by studying the dust destruction efficiencies for shock velocities in the range ～10–30 km/s(μm/ns), at which most of the grain destruction and processing in the ISM takes place. The ex.eriments focus on the study of grain–grain collisions by accelerating small(～1 μm) dust particles into a large(～5–10 μm diameter) population; this simulates the astrophysical system well in that the more numerous, small grains impact and collide with the large population. Facilities that combine the versatility of high-power optical lasers with the diagnostic capabilities of x.ray free-electron lasers, e.g., the Matter in ex.reme Conditions instrument at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, provide an ideal laboratory environment to create and diagnose dust destruction by astrophysically relevant shocks at the micron scale.

关键词： laboratory astrophysics shock waves dust destruction

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