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蜂花粉中多酚类化合物的研究进展

中国蜂业 2024年第4期75卷 36-42页

作者：蔡雯雯(编译) 董捷乔(编译) 江涛(编译) Qiao j Zhang Y Haubruge e 哈尔滨商业大学食品工程学院哈尔滨150076 资源昆虫高效养殖与利用全国重点实验室中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所北京100093 不详

蜂花粉是由蜜蜂采集加工而成的花粉团状物,其富含大量的生物活性物质,包括多糖、蛋白质、脂质、多酚等,具有较高的药用功效和食用价值。多项研究表明多酚类化合物具有特定的抗氧化、抗菌、抗糖尿病、抗高血脂以及抗炎等作用。蜂花粉的... 详细信息

蜂花粉是由蜜蜂采集加工而成的花粉团状物,其富含大量的生物活性物质,包括多糖、蛋白质、脂质、多酚等,具有较高的药用功效和食用价值。多项研究表明多酚类化合物具有特定的抗氧化、抗菌、抗糖尿病、抗高血脂以及抗炎等作用。蜂花粉的多酚类化合物,特别是酚胺和黄酮苷已成为近期研究重点,也是蜂花粉发挥重要活性功能的主要成分。本文综述了近年来世界各地不同种类的蜂花粉中多酚类化合物的成分及含量,为蜂花粉后续研究提供参考。

关键词：蜂花粉多酚含量

miniSCIDOM: a scintillator-based tomograph for volumetric dose reconstruction of single laser-driven proton bunches

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High Power Laser Science and engineering 2024年第2期12卷 41-50页

作者： A.Corvino M.Reimold e.Beyreuther F.-e.Brack F.Kroll j.Pawelke j.D.Schilz M.Schneider U.Schramm M.e.P.Umlandt K.Zeil T.Ziegler j.Metzkes-Ng Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf DresdenGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTUD Dresden University of TechnologyHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–RossendorfDresdenGermany Current affiliation:Institut Curie UniversitéPSLCNRS UMR3347OrsayFrance Current affiliation:Universitätsklinikum Freiburg FreiburgGermany

Laser plasma accelerators(LPAs)enable the generation of intense and short proton bunches on a micrometre scale,thus offering new experimental capabilities to research fields such as ultra-high dose rate radiobiology or material *** spectrally broadband,laser-accelerated proton bunches allow for tailored volumetric dose deposition in a sample via single bunches to excite or probe specific sample *** rising number of such experiments indicates a need for diagnostics providing spatially resolved characterization of dose distributions with volumes of approximately 1 cm^(3) for single proton bunches to allow for fast online *** we present the scintillator-based miniSCIDOM detector for online single-bunch tomographic reconstruction of dose distributions in volumes of up to approximately 1 cm^(3).The detector achieves a spatial resolution below 500μm and a sensitivity of 100 *** detector performance is tested at a proton therapy cyclotron and an LPA proton *** experiments’primary focus is the characterization of the scintillator’s ionization quenching behaviour.

关键词： beam monitoring detectors laser-driven proton beams scintillator-based diagnostics ultra-high dose rate

Are hydrides under high-pressure-high-temperature superconductors?

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 9-12页

作者： j.e.Hirsch Department of Physics University of California

Contrary to the current consensus, I argue that the existing evidence for high-temperature superconductivity in hydrides under high pressure is not compelling. I suggest that the focus of the field should urgently shift to establish unequivocally experimentally whether or not superconductivity in pressurized hydrides exists, instead of continuing to search for new materials that might show elusive signals of unproven superconductivity at ever higher temperatures. The implications of a negative finding for the theoretical understanding of superconductivity are discussed.

关键词： Hydrides

《耳鸣患者皮层和皮层下听觉区超高场MRI的研究》摘译

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听力学及言语疾病杂志 2024年第4期32卷 384-385页

作者：申丽君文之(摘译) 曹永茂(审校) Berlot e Arts R Smit j 武汉大学人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科武汉430060 武汉大学人民医院放射科

耳鸣研究的难点之一在于难以将耳鸣感知与其他合并症进行区分,例如听力损失和声音耐受性降低(DST)经常同时出现。在研究耳鸣动物模型时,区分起来尤其困难。对耳鸣患者研究时往往未能充分控制混杂因素。最近的研究表明,在仔细控制听力损... 详细信息

耳鸣研究的难点之一在于难以将耳鸣感知与其他合并症进行区分,例如听力损失和声音耐受性降低(DST)经常同时出现。在研究耳鸣动物模型时,区分起来尤其困难。对耳鸣患者研究时往往未能充分控制混杂因素。最近的研究表明,在仔细控制听力损失和DST后,耳鸣组和对照组之间先前存在的差异消失了。另一个难点是非侵入性测量技术的空间分辨率有限。为了检测诸如内侧膝状体(MGB)和下丘(IC)等皮层下听觉结构的频率响应特异性,需要高空间分辨率。由于这些结构仅为几立方毫米(例如内侧膝状体为4 mm×5 mm×4.5 mm),常规磁场(3T及以下)下的功能磁共振成像(fMRI)的空间分辨率为2 mm×2 mm×2 mm,无法检查这些微小结构中频率响应的特异性。7T的超高场(UHF)磁共振成像(MRI)提供的灵敏度有足够的分辨率显示微小的听觉皮层下结构的响应,便于详细描述其频率拓扑。本实验研究旨在UHF-MRI应用于耳鸣患者探索耳鸣的机制。

关键词：内侧膝状体立方毫米耳鸣患者混杂因素听力损失皮层下高空间分辨率动物模型

去银合剂疗效的预测因素及其在生物制剂治疗银屑病中的增效作用

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中国临床药理学与治疗学 2024年第4期29卷 460-465页

作者：杜娟林岚梅董灿彬颜克香高建复旦大学附属华山医院皮肤科上海200030 上海儿童医学中心上海200127

目的:本研究旨在探究去银合剂治疗银屑病的疗效,并分析其疗效与不同影响因素之间的关系及其对生物制剂治疗的增效作用。方法:本研究纳入共396例银屑病患者,根据病史将患者分为生物制剂组(n=98)、去银合剂辅助生物制剂组(n=62)、去银合... 详细信息

目的:本研究旨在探究去银合剂治疗银屑病的疗效,并分析其疗效与不同影响因素之间的关系及其对生物制剂治疗的增效作用。方法:本研究纳入共396例银屑病患者,根据病史将患者分为生物制剂组(n=98)、去银合剂辅助生物制剂组(n=62)、去银合剂单用组(n=236)。收集病史资料中患者的性别、病程、疾病类型、初始发病部位、瘙痒程度、复发与否及复发时间、是否长期吸烟、关节疼痛情况、银屑病家族史、指、趾甲损害、治疗方案及银屑病面积严重程度指数(PASI)、体表面积评分(BSA)。分析去银合剂疗效的影响因素并分析其与生物制剂联用的效果。结果:去银合剂辅助生物制剂治疗后,患者PASI90应答率升高至72.6%(P=0.014)。去银合剂治疗应答PASI50的患者中,复发间隔超过半年较未应答者增多(50%vs.33.6%,P=0.045)。银屑病皮损体表面积(OR=0.960,P=0.000)、长期吸烟史(OR=2.10,P=0.046)及银屑病类型(OR=2.47,P=0.015)皆为去银合剂疗效的影响因素。结论:去银合剂对生物制剂治疗银屑病有增效作用,并在复发间隔大于半年的患者中更具优势。长期吸烟史、银屑病类型及皮损体表面积皆可影响去银合剂的疗效。

关键词：银屑病生物制剂复发去银合剂

PeMFCs金属极板表面改性MAX相涂层的制备与应用研究进展

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表面技术 2024年第15期53卷 1-20,33页

作者：张家阅马冠水王开杭李淑钰李昊陈嫦颖王振玉汪爱英宁波大学材料科学与化学工程学院浙江宁波315211 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所中国科学院海洋新材料与应用技术重点实验室浙江宁波315201

金属双极板是质子交换膜燃料电池系统的关键组件,但在酸性环境中易腐蚀、导电性能退化、寿命短。Mn+1AXn(MAX)相涂层作为具备金属高导电性和陶瓷耐蚀抗氧化性的材料,在改性金属双极板涂层研究中备受关注。综述了金属双极板表面防护MAX... 详细信息

金属双极板是质子交换膜燃料电池系统的关键组件,但在酸性环境中易腐蚀、导电性能退化、寿命短。Mn+1AXn(MAX)相涂层作为具备金属高导电性和陶瓷耐蚀抗氧化性的材料,在改性金属双极板涂层研究中备受关注。综述了金属双极板表面防护MAX相涂层材料与应用技术的最新研究进展。MAX相涂层的制备方法多样,包括化学气相沉积、物理气相沉积、固相反应和喷涂制备等方法。针对不同的制备方法,详细描述了MAX相涂层的制备过程,并阐述了不同制备方法对MAX相涂层材料的表面形貌和微观结构间的影响变化。特别关注了MAX相涂层在质子交换膜燃料电池中的应用,并重点分析了以Ti-Al-C、Ti-Si-C和Cr-Al-C为代表的MAX相涂层。通过电化学腐蚀测试来测量涂层在酸性环境中的腐蚀速率,以及涂层腐蚀前后的界面接触电阻测试,对涂层导电耐蚀性能的变化等进行了详细阐述。同时,对MAX相涂层的导电耐蚀机制及表/界面服役损伤机理进行了深入分析。从涂层的元素组成、晶体结构和第一性原理等方面,揭示了涂层中元素分布和相互作用对导电性能的影响。此外,还分析了晶化程度、钝化膜成分差异和原子取向等因素对涂层耐蚀性能的影响。最后,围绕目前双极板表面MAX相涂层在实际应用中存在的问题进行了探讨,并提出了未来研究的重点方向。

关键词：质子交换膜燃料电池金属双极板 MAX相涂层导电性能耐腐蚀性能

Physical activity volume,frequency,and intensity:Associations with hypertension and obesity over 21 years in Australian women

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 631-641页

作者： Gregore I.Mielke Ding Ding Shelley e.Keating Bruno P.Nunes Ruth Brady Wendy j.Brown School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia The Charles Perkins Centre The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia School of Nursing Federal University of PelotasPelotasRio Grande do Sul 96010-610Brazil Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4226Australia

Background:Optimal patterns of accrual of recommended levels of physical activity(PA)for prevention of hypertension and obesity are not *** overall aim of this study was to investigate whether different patterns of accumulation of PA are differentially associated with hypertension and obesity in Australian women over 21 ***,we investigated whether,for the same weekly volume of PA,the number of sessions(frequency)and vigorousness of PA(intensity)were associated with a reduction in the occurrence of hypertension and obesity in ***:Data from the 1973-1978 and 1946-1951 cohorts of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health were analyzed(n=20,588;12%-16%with a Bachelor's or higher degree).Self-reported PA,hypertension,height,and weight were collected using mail surveys every 3 years from 1998/2000 to 2019/*** estimating equation models with a 3-year lag model were used to investigate the association of PA volume(metabolic equivalent min/week)(none;33-499;500-999;≥1000,weekly frequency(none;1-2 times;3-4times;5-7 times;≥8 times),and the proportion of vigorous PA to total volume of PA(none;0%;1%-33%;34%-66%;67%-100%)with odds of hypertension and obesity from 2000 to ***:The cumulative incidence of hypertension was 6%in the 1973-1978 and 23%in the 1946-1951 cohort;27%of women in the 1973-1978;and 15%in the 1946-1951 cohort developed obesity over the ***,a higher volume of PA was associated with reduced odds of hypertension and *** the volume of PA was considered,the odds of hypertension did not vary according to the frequency or intensity of ***,increased proportion of vigorous PA to the total volume of PA was associated with a small additional reduction in the risk of obe ***:PA volume appears to be more important than the pattern of accumulation for the prevention of hypertension and *** more sessions,particularly of vigorous-intensity PA,may provide extr

关键词： Physical activity Frequency Intensity Incidences epidemiology Women

Malargüe Site Remediation:A Successful Solution for Uranium Mill Tailings

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原子能科学技术 2024年第10期58卷 2088-2094页

作者： BARARI e DíAZ j G GIOMIA KeMPF R A National Atomic energy Commission Av.Del Libertador 8250Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresC1429BNPArgentina

Comisión Nacional de energía Atómica (CNeA) has the responsibility for restoring uranium mining facilities once the operations have ***,within its environmental Program and in compliance with its legal responsibilities,decides to implement a restoration project for all sites related to the mining and processing of uranium *** Malargüe Site is located within the Province of Mendoza in the city of Malargü*** is the first site to successfully complete its *** activities consist of relocation of tailings to an engineering *** tailings management(encapsulation) and rehabilitation of the area was finished in june *** remediation alternative for the ore tailings was selected after conducting comparative studies and submitted the project to the society for *** objective of the encapsulation of the mineral tails is to isolate them from the environment,also proceeding with the decontamination and rehabilitation of the area (landscaping,post-closure monitoring and 20 years monitoring period).encapsulation consisted of the construction of a containment cell for the mine tailings,to isolate them and prevent pollutants from entering the environment through the transfer *** clean the impacted areas,the soil was removed,it was incorporated into the encapsulation,and the filling was carried out with natural soils from the *** prevents radon transfer to the environment,as ^(222)Ra is an alpha emitter with a half-life of four days,which produces its own radioactive *** progeny are solids,and when a ^(222)Ra nucleus emits an alpha particle into the air,the resulting ^(218)Po nucleus,momentarily electrically charged,adheres to any dust *** prevents the discharge into the air containing radon and also containing dust particles charged with intensely radioactive radon *** tasks mentioned make it possible to decrease radon emanation,reduce radiological risks to the public and pre

关键词： remediation radionuclide transfer tailings encapsulation solution sustainable

Annual variation of adult survival of a south-temperate House Wren population in Argentina

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 229-237页

作者： Gustavo j.Fernandez Mariana e.Carro Paulo e.Llambías Grupo de Investigacion en ecofisiología de Fauna Silvestre INIBIOMA-CONICETAsentamiento Universitario San Martín de los Andes(AUSMA)Universidad Nacional Del ComahuePasaje de la Paz 235(8370)San Martín de los AndesNeuquenArgentina Grupo de Investigacion de Biología de Aves IADIZA CCT-MendozaUniversidad Nacional de CuyoAvenida RuizLeal s/n Parque General San Martin5500MendozaArgentina

Identifying factors affecting the survival of individuals is essential for understanding the evolution of life-history traits and population *** numerous studies on this subject in north-temperate environments,there is a lack of equivalent studies at similar latitudes in the ***,we used a 14-year dataset of capture,banding,and resighting to estimate the annual variation in the apparent adult survival probability of a south-temperate population of House Wrens(Troglodytes aedon bonariae).We evaluated temporal variation in sur-vival and the effect of environmental(climatic)and demographic variables(adult abundance,total number of fledglings produced during each breeding season)on survival *** found that the probability of adult survival decreased as the abundance of breeding adults *** density-dependent effect could be related to the resident lifestyle of southern House Wrens,which could determine an intense competition for territories and resources that ultimately would affect their survival.

关键词： Annual variation CjS Density-dependence Survival Troglodytes aedon bonariae