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Effect of Altitude and Maturity Stages on Quality Attributes of Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco)

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第6期7卷 958-966页

作者： Pradeep Raj Rokaya Dilli Ram Baral durga Mani Gautam Arjun Kumar Shrestha Krishna prasad Paudyal Agriculture and Forestry University (AFU) Rampur Nepal National Agricultural Research Institute (NARI) NARC Khumaltar Nepal

Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) is a premier fruit crop which ranks in first position of the total fruit industry in Nepal. Studies were conducted to assess the maturity indices and quality parameters of mandarin at three altitudes i.e. 1300 m·asl, 1000 m·asl, and 700 m·asl with six maturity stages i.e. 11 Oct, 21 Oct, 31 Oct, 10 Nov, 20 Nov, and 30 Nov. The most important and reliable judging criteria of fruit maturity in mandarin i.e. fruit weight, external fruit colour, firmness, TSS, acidity, and TSS/Acid ratio, and vitamin C were experimented. The experiment results revealed that 1000 m·asl location was showed the highest fruit weight (104.9 g) and juice percentage (55.23) followed by 1300 m·asl altitude (99.5 g and 53.75% respectively) at 20th of November. The maturity advanced at lower altitude with 50 percent yellow orange rind colour, 10.98 TSS/acid ratio and 4 kg/cm2 firmness from 10th November at lower altitudes whereas it was appeared in 20th November at higher altitudes. The TSS/acid ratio was significantly higher (10.98) in the fruits of 700 m·asl as compared to 1300 m·asl (9.76) on 10th November, however, on 20th November 1300 m·asl showed the highest ratio (17.76). The fruit weight, juice content, TSS was found in increasing trends up to 20 November and then showed constant and decreasing trend. However, TA, firmness and vitamin C were showed in decreasing trends with time. The 1000 - 1300 m·asl was the best location for the mandarin production and 10-20 November was the best period for the mandarin harvesting for optimum maturity.

关键词： Maturity Physico-Chemical Quality Parameters Firmness Total Soluble Solid

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Enhanced hydrogen production activity over BiOX–TiO2 under solar irradiation:Improved charge transfer through bismuth oxide clusters

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2017年第3期26卷 390-397页

作者： Police Anil Kumar Reddy Chennaiahgari Manvitha Pullagurala Venkata Laxma Reddy Ki-Hyun Kim Valluri durga Kumari Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering Hanyang University222WangsimniRoSeoul 133-791Republic of Korea Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division Indian Institute of Chemical TechnologyHyderabad 500 607India Sarojini Naidu Vanitha Mahavidyala Osmania UniversityHyderabad 500 001India Program in Environmental Science and Engineering University of Texas El PasoEl PasoTexas 799038USA

A series of titania nanoparticles and nanotubes deposited with various quantities of bismuth（Bi） were prepared via sol-gel and hydrothermal methods, respectively. They were then characterized using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy（XRD）, X-ray photo electron spectroscopy（XPS）, UV–Vis diffused reflectance spectra（DRS）, photoluminescence spectra（PLS）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, energy dispersive analysis of X-rays（EDAX）, and BET surface analysis. These catalysts were employed for the photocatalytic production of hydrogen from a mixture of pure water and glycerol under solar light irradiation. The presence of the Bispecies was found to play a vital role in enhancing activity while minimizing electron hole recombination（relative to bare TiO）. The nanotubes exhibited better activity than the nanoparticles of Bi-deposited TiO, showing the significance of the morphology; however, photocatalytic activity is predominantly dependent on the deposition of bismuth. The activity increased by approximately an order of magnitude at the optimum concentration of Bi deposited over TiO（2 wt%）. The presence of the Bispecies played a vital role in minimizing electron hole recombination, resulting in higher activity compared to bare TiO.

关键词： Bismuth TiO2 nanotubes Visible photocatalysis Water splitting Hydrogen

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Effect of Postharvest Treatments on Quality and Shelf Life of Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第7期7卷 1098-1105页

作者： Pradeep Raj Rokaya Dilli Ram Baral durga Mani Gautam Arjun Kumar Shrestha Krishna prasad Paudyal Agriculture and Forestry University Rampur Chitwan Nepal National Agricultural Research Institute (NARI) NARC Khumaltar Lalitpur Nepal

Nepal produces large quantity of mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) annually but faces big losses due to improper postharvest treatments. The experiment was carried out during 2012-2013 with the objective of assessing the effect of different postharvest treatments on quality and shelf life of mandarin. The postharvest treatments were: wax emulsion at 10%, bavistin at 0.1%, wax at 10% with bavistin at 0.1%, calcium chloride at 1%, Jeevatu at 5% along with untreated fruits as a control. The experiment was conducted for four weeks of storage at ambient condition in Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Khumaltar, Kathmandu. Wax in combination with bavistin was found as the most effective in reducing the physiological loss in weight, whereas bavistin proved to reduce decay loss up to four weeks of storage. The fruits treated with wax alone and with combination of bavistin retained maximum firmness, juice percentage, vitamin C and palatability rating during the storage. The minimum total soluble solid and maximum titrable acidity were recorded in the fruits treated with wax plus bavistin. The present findings indicate that mandarin can be stored up to four weeks when treated with wax as well as wax with bavistin in the condition with 14°C - 18°C temperature and 45% - 73% relative humidity.

关键词： Mandarin Fruit Quality Postharvest Treatments Palatability Rating and Postharvest Loss in Weight

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Synthesis of N-substituted-2-aminobenzothiazoles using nano copper oxide as a recyclable catalyst under ligand-free conditions in reusable PEG-400 medium

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2014年第5期25卷 732-736页

作者： Satish Gaddam Harshavardhan Reddy Kasireddy Karnakar Konkala Ramesh Katla Nageswar Yadavalli Venkata durga CSIR-Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology Division Indian Institute of Chemical Technology

A simple and practical method for the synthesis of N-substituted-2-aminobenzothiazoles via a crosscoupling reaction of 2-iodo anilines with isothiocyanates is envisaged using nano copper oxide as a recyclable catalyst and Cs2CO3as a base in PEG-400,as a bio-degradable,reusable,inexpensive and nontoxic reaction medium,under ligand-free *** present tandem process underlines environmental acceptability to access a wide range of N-substituted-2-aminobenzothiazoles in good to excellent yields.

关键词： 2-Aminobenzothiazoles 2-Iodoanilines Isothiocyanates CuO nanoparticles Recyclability PEG-400

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Synthesis of Fluorite-Type Nanopowders by Citrate-Nitrate Auto-Combustion Process: A Systematic Approach

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2012年第2期3卷 110-115页

作者： Mridula Biswas Prasanta Kumar Ojha Chadalapaka durga prasad Nitin Madhusudan Gokhale Suresh Chandra Sharma 不详

Citrate-nitrate autocombustion process is a promising synthesis route in the field of nanomaterials. This route involves many controlling parameters which ultimately affect properties of the products. In the present research work, the effect of concentration of fuel to that of metal nitrates has been studied in a systematic manner. The nature of exothermic reaction was analyzed with DSC-TGA and the powder properties were characterized by XRD, TEM and BET measurement. The properties of the powders have been explained with respect to fuel content, vigorousness of the exothermic reaction, combustion temperature and duration. The most vigorous reaction was found to occur for the composition with FER of 0.50 with the production of the smallest crystallite size of 9 nm.

关键词： Combustion Synthesis DSC-TGA XRD TEM

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Thermal and Electrical Properties of Liquid Metal Gallium During Phase Transition

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2023年第3期29卷 209-215页

作者： Xizu Wang durga Venkata Maheswar Repaka Ady Suwardi Qiang Zhu Jing Wu Jianwei Xu Institute of Materials Research&Engineering Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138632Singapore Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and EnvironmentAgency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 627833Singapore

Liquid metal gallium has been widely used in numerous fields, from nuclear engineering, catalysts, and energy storage to electronics owing to its remarkable thermal and electrical properties along with low viscosity and nontoxicity. Compared with high-temperature liquid metals, room-temperature liquid metals, such as gallium(Ga), are emerging as promising alternatives for fabricating advanced energy storage devices, such as phase change materials, by harvesting the advantageous properties of their liquid state maintained without external energy input. However, the thermal and electrical properties of liquid metals at the phase transition are rather poorly studied, limiting their practical applications. In this study, we reported on the physical properties of the solid–liquid phase transition of Ga using a custom-designed, solid–liquid electrical and thermal measurement system. We observed that the electrical conductivity of Ga progressively decreases with an increase in temperature. However, the Seebeck coefficient of Ga increases from 0.2 to 2.1 μV/K, and thermal conductivity from 7.6 to 33 W/(K·m). These electrical and thermal properties of Ga at solid–liquid phase transition would be useful for practical applications.

关键词： Liquid metal Gallium Electrical conductivity Thermal conductivity Seebeck coefficients Phase transition

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ROS-hormone interaction in regulating integrative défense signaling of plant cell

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BIOCELL 2023年第3期47卷 503-521页

作者： durga KORA ANANYA DEY BABITA PAL UTHPAL KRISHNA ROY NIVEDITA DEY TREESHA BHATACHARJEE SOUMEN BHATTACHARJEE Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory Department of BotanyUniversity of BurdwanBurdwan713104India Department of Botany University of RajsahiRajsahi6205Bangladesh

The elaborate redox network of the cell,comprising of events like turnover of reactive oxygen species(ROS),redox sensing,signaling,expression of redox-sensitive genes,etc.,often orchestrates with other bonafide hormonal signaling pathways through their synergistic or antagonistic action in the plant *** redox cue generated in plant cells under fluctuating environmental conditions can significantly influence other hormonal biosynthetic or signaling mechanisms,thereby modulating physiology towards stress acclimation and *** is also strong evidence of the recruitment of ROS as a‘second messenger’in different hormonal signaling pathways under ***,the retrograde signaling initiated by ROS also found to strongly influence hormonal homeostasis and *** present review,in this aspect,is an effort towards understanding the regulatory roles of ROS in integrating and orchestrating other hormonal signaling pathways or vice versa so as to unfold the relationship between these two signaling episodes of plant cells under environmental *** also accentuate the significance of understanding the utterly complex interactions,which occur both at metabolic and genetic levels between ROS and phytohormones during stress ***,the significant and decisive role of ROS turnover,particularly the contribution of RBOH(respiratory burst oxidase homologs)in the synergism of redox and hormone signaling during systemic acquired acclimation under stress is also discussed.

关键词： ROS-hormone cross-talking Abiotic stress Integrative signaling Redox cue Stress tolerance

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Effect of D-fructose on the in-vitro corrosion behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy in simulated body fluid

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第7期66卷 202-212页

作者： durga Bhakta Pokharel Liping Wu Junhua Dong Xin Wei Ini-Ibehe Nabuk Etim Dhruba Babu Subedi Aniefiok Joseph Umoh Wei Ke Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science(SYNL) Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Material Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Department of Marine Biology Akwa Ibom State UniversityUyoNigeria

The effect of addingd-fructose to simulated body fluid(SBF) on the corrosion behavior of AZ31 magnesium(Mg) alloy at 37.C and at a pH of 7.4 was studied by potentiodynamic polarization(PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS), potentiostatic polarization and hydrogen(H2) collecting techniques,Raman spectroscopy technique, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis(XPS) and Fourier transformed infrared(FTIR). The results demonstrated that the addition of fructose enhanced the deposition of phosphates forming thick and compact corrosion products, which inhibited the transmission of aggressive ions into the Mg substrate. As a result, both the anodic dissolution of Mg and negative difference effect(NDE) were suppressed. Thus, the corrosion resistance of AZ31 Mgalloy in SBF was significantly improved.

关键词： AZ31 Mg alloy D-Fructose SBF EIS Hydroxyapatite

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Effect of applied potential on the microstructure, composition and corrosion resistance evolution of fluoride conversion film on AZ31 magnesium alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第11期34卷 2084-2090页

作者： Liping Wu Changgang Wang durga Bhakta Pokharel Ini-Ibehe Nabuk Etim Lin Zhao Junhua Dong Wei Ke Nan Chen Environmental Corrosion Center Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

AZ31 magnesium（Mg） alloy was potentiostatic polarized in 0.1 M deaerated KF solution with pH 7.5 from-0.4 V to-1.4 V with an interval of-0.2 V. The polarization process was described by the potentiostatic current decay. The resultant film was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS）. The results demonstrated that the deposited film included a Mg（OH）2/MgF2 containing inner layer and a Mg（OH）-2/MgF2/KMgF3 comprising outer layer. The high polarized potential produced high content of MgF2 but low content of KMgF3 and thin film. Conversely, the low polarized potential produced small content of MgF2 but high content of KMgF3 and thick film. The optimal corrosion resistance of the deposited film was obtained at-1.4 V, which was closely related with the content of MgF2 and KMgF3 and the film thickness.

关键词： Potentiostatic Fluoride conversion film AZ33 magnesium alloy KF solution Corrosion

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Effect of organic silicon quaternary ammonium salts on mitigating corrosion of reinforced steel induced by SRB in mild alkaline simulated concrete pore solution

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第5期64卷 126-140页

作者： Ini-Ibehe Nabuk Etim Junhua Dong Jie Wei Chen Nan durga Bhakt Pokharel Aniefiok Joseph Umoh Dake Xu Mingzhong Su Wei Ke Environmental Corrosion Centre Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19A Yuquan Road Shijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China Department of Marine Biology Akwa Ibom State UniversityP.M.B.1167UyoNigeria School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Sani-care Salon Products Inc.USA

The corrosion damage of 20 SiMn steel by sulphate-reducing bacteria(SRB)and the mitigation effect of organic silicon quaternary ammonium salt(OSA)were studied in sterilized mild alkaline simulated concrete pore solution(STR)with different additions of SRB and OSA at pH 9.35 for 28 *** corrosion occurs in STR medium while slight localized corrosion is observed in STR+OSA medium,and localized pitting corrosion occurs in STR+SRB and STR+SRB+OSA *** largest pit depth reduces from 36.70μm in STR+SRB medium to 3.31μm in STR+SRB+OSA medium due to the mitigation effect of *** corrosion rate reflected by weight loss and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)results presents the order of STR

关键词： Steel reinforced concrete Microbial corrosion Biocide EIS

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