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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第2期18卷 169-173页

作者： Louisa Sylvia Emerson west Allyson M.Blackburn Carina Gupta Eric Bui Tara Mahoney Geraldine duncan Edward C.wright Simon Lejeune Thomas J.Spencer Home Base:A Red Sox Foundation and Massachusetts General Hospital Program Massachusetts General HospitalCharlestownMA 02129USA Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02115USA Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment Innovation Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA Equine Immersion ProgramsTM USA Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD Program Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA

Objective: Equine-assisted activities and therapies(EAATs) have been a growing adjunctive integrative health modality, as they allow participants to practice mindfulness, emotional regulation, and self-mastery or self-esteem building skills. Preliminary evidence suggests that these programs may be helpful in reducing posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD), anxiety, and depressive symptoms. The current study examines the acceptability of integrating an EAAT program as part of a two-week, intensive clinical program for veterans with PTSD and/or traumatic brain injury(TBI).Methods: A family member or support person could accompany veterans and participate in the *** hundred and six participants(veteran n = 62, family n = 44) left the urban environment in an intensive outpatient program(IOP) to attend a two-day, weekend EAAT in rural New Hampshire. Satisfaction surveys were conducted on the last day of the program and examined using thematic ***: The following themes were reported in the surveys: ability of horses to catalyze emotional rehabilitation, effectiveness of immersion in equine-assisted activities, program’s ability to foster interpersonal relationships and necessity of education about PTSD for staff. Participants also reported enjoying the program as highlighted by qualitative feedback, a mean score of 9.76(standard deviation[SD] = 0.61) as reported by veterans and a mean score of 9.91(SD = 0.29) as reported by family members on a 10-point visual analog scale with higher scores indicating a greater overall ***: These data offer preliminary evidence that an adjunct EAAT program is acceptable for veterans with PTSD and/or TBI participating in an IOP.

关键词： Posttraumatic stress disorder Military personnel Traumatic brain injury Complementary and alternative medicine Equine-assisted therapy

Science and Technology Networks: A Helping Hand to Boost Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030?

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第1期8卷 100-105页

作者： Robert sakic Trogrlic Lydia Cumiskey Annisa Triyanti Melanie J.duncan Nuha Eltinay Rick J.Hogeboom Mansi Jasuja Chinaporn Meechaiya Christina J.Pickering Virginia Murray School of Energy GeoscienceInfrastructure and SocietyHeriot-Watt University United Nations Major Group for Children and Youth water Youth Network Flood Hazard Research Centre Middlesex UniversityThe BurroughsHendon Governance and Inclusive Development Department of GeographyPlanning and International DevelopmentUniversity of Amsterdam British Geological Survey(Natural Environment Research Council) Lyell Centre School of the Built Environment and Architecture London South Bank University Twente water Centre University of Twente Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies Alumni International Network Royal Dutch water Network(Koninklijk Nederlands water netwerk) Asian Disaster Preparedness Center(ADPC) University of Ottawa Ottawa Public Health England United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction(UNISDR)Scientific and Technical Advisory Group(STAG)

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 underlines the importance of Science and Technology(S&T) and S&T networks for effective disaster risk reduction(DRR). The knowledge of existing S&T networks and their exact role in DRR,however, is limited. This opinion piece initiates a discussion on the role of S&T networks in the implementation of the Sendai Framework. The article highlights that current practice is oriented towards a narrative that emphasizes the potential of S&T for DRR and stresses a collaborative approach delivered through networks. But a true understanding of whether and how S&T networks can mobilize and enable S&T for DRR is missing. we call for a review of existing S&T networks for DRR and the development of good practice guidelines on S&T networks for DRR. This review should include knowledge on how to overcome common challenges and maximize the benefits, along with a framework for successful evaluation of such *** knowledge would provide much needed guidance for existing and emerging networks.

关键词： Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 Science and Technology(S&T) Networks Disaster risk reduction

Anatomical Evaluation of a Technique for Suprascapular Nerve Blockade

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第9期4卷 237-242页

作者： Chiara Concina Matthew Szarko Eyeyemi Pearse duncan Tennent Anatomy Department St. George’s University of London London UK Shoulder Unit Department of Orthopedics St. George’s Hospital London UK

Introduction: Analgesia following shoulder surgery commonly uses interscalene nerve blockade. when contraindicated (i.e. respiratory compromise), suprascapular nerve blockade can provide a viable alternative. Although a number of techniques have been used, Barber in 2005 described a simple method using anatomical landmarks. while theoretically straightforward, substantive evidence supporting the advantages attributed to the technique has yet to be identified. The present study anatomically examines the technique proposed by Barber to critically assess its potential to benefit clinical practice. Materials and Methods: Using the technique proposed by Barber in 2005, the Nevaiser portal was used to introduce a K-wire into the supraspinous fossa in the region of the suprascapular nerve. A spinal needle was inserted in the same manner and left in position in the presumed region of the transverse scapular ligament. Tissue was dissected out around the wire and needle to visualize their proximity to the suprascapular nerve and transverse scapular ligament respectively. Results: The K-wire was consistently located close to the suprascapular nerve with all cases being within 5 mm. Spinal needle placement relative to the transverse scapular ligament was variable with 50% anterior, 25% posterior, and 25% displaced (likely due to dissection). Conclusions: The results illustrate that it is possible to reliably place a needle close to the suprascapular nerve using the technique described by Barber in 2005. This study provides anatomical confirmation of Barbers description of a simple technique and the basis for clinical study.

关键词： Suprascapular Nerve Nerve Block Shoulder Pain

A Patient Bill of Rights for Psychotropic Prescription: A Call for a Higher Standard of Care

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2011年第4期2卷 353-359页

作者： Barry L. duncan David O. Antonuccio 不详

The pharmaceutical industry has made it very difficult to know what the clinical trial evidence actually is regarding psychotropics. Consequently, primary care physicians and other front-line practitioners are at a disadvantage when attempting to adhere to the ethical and scientific mandates of evidence based prescriptive practice. This article calls for a higher standard of prescriptive care derived from a risk/benefit analysis of clinical trial evidence. The authors assert that current prescribing practices are often empirically unsound and unduly influenced by pharmaceutical company interests, resulting in unnecessary risks to patients. In the spirit of evidenced based medicine’s inclusion of patient values as well as the movement toward health home and integrated care, we present a patient bill of rights for psychotropic prescription. we then offer guidelines to raise the bar of care equal to the available science for all prescribers of psychiatric medications.

关键词： Psychotropics Risk/Benefit Analysis Patient Rights Primary Care Physicians Pharmaceutical Company Influence

Assessing adequacy of emergency provider documentation among interhospital transferred patients with acute aortic dissection

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world Journal of Emergency Medicine 2019年第2期10卷 94-100页

作者： Mark Rose Carina Newton Benchaa Boualam Nancy Bogne Adam Ketchum Umang Shah Jordan Mitchell Safura Tanveer Tucker Lurie walesia Robinson Rebecca duncan Stephen Thom Quincy Khoi Tran Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine University of Maryland at College Park University of Maryland School of Medicine Program of Trauma The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center University of Maryland School of Medicine

BACKGROUND: Acute aortic dissection(AoD) is a hypertensive emergency often requiring the transfer of patients to higher care hospitals; thus, clinical care documentation and compliance with the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act(EMTALA) is crucial. The study assessed emergency providers(EP) documentation of clinical care and EMTALA compliance among interhospital transferred AoD ***: This retrospective study examined adult patients transferred directly from a referring emergency department(ED) to a quaternary academic center between January 1, 2011 and September 30, 2015. The primary outcome was the percentage of records with adequate documentation of clinical care(ADoCC). The secondary outcome was the percentage of records with adequate documentation of EMTALA compliance(ADoEMTALA). RESULTS: There were 563 electronically identified patients with 287 included in the final analysis. One hundred and five(36.6%) patients had ADoCC while 166(57.8%) patients had ADoEMTALA. Patients with inadequate documentation of EMTALA(IDoEMTALA) were associated with a higher likelihood of not meeting the American Heart Association(AHA) ED Departure SBP guideline(OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.03–3.2, P=0.04). Male gender, handwritten type of documentation, and transport by air were associated with an increased risk of inadequate documentation of clinical care(IDoCC), while receiving continuous infusion was associated with higher risk of ***: Documentation of clinical care and EMTALA compliance by Emergency Providers is poor. Inadequate EMTALA documentation was associated with a higher likelihood of patients not meeting the AHA ED Departure SBP guideline. Therefore, Emergency Providers should thoroughly document clinical care and EMTALA compliance among this critically ill group before transfer.

关键词： Acute aortic dissection EMTALA Interhospital transfer Documentation Compliance

Changes in Excitability of the Motor Cortex Associated with Internal Model Formation during Intrinsic Visuomotor Learning in the Upper Arm

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2011年第3期1卷 140-152页

作者： Timothy Hunter Paul Sacco duncan L. Turner 不详

Previous studies have shown that the primary motor cortex (M1) may drive part of the feed forward control of well learnt simple movements by specifying patterns of muscle activation. This study explored the role of the M1 in the feed forward control of newly formed movement patterns after motor adaptation. Ten healthy right-handed subjects performed planar, centre-out arm reaching movement trials with a robotic manipulandum in three phases: a null force field (baseline), a velocity-dependent force field (adaptation;25 Nsm-1) and again in a null force field (deadaptation). Reaching error and voluntary EMG were recorded from the biceps and triceps before, during and after motor adaptation. we also explored the effects of motor adaptation on evoked responses to single and paired pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation from the same muscles at different delays after a visual go command, but before the onset of voluntary muscle activity. After the force field was removed, subjects produced reaching overshoot characteristic of adaptive internal model formation. Following motor adaptation, there was a significant increase in corticospinal excitability, reduction in short interval intracortical inhibition and increase in short interval intracortical facilitation that was associated with a sustained increase in voluntary muscle activity in the biceps. The adaptation-driven increase in reaching overshoot coupled with the increase in voluntary activity, corticospinal and intracortical excitability in the biceps suggests that the M1 may specify some of the feed forward components of newly learnt internal models through the control of specific muscles.

关键词： TMS Internal Model Formation Corticospinal Excitability

Genome-wide profiling of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation and its modification in response to chilling stress in grapevine leaves

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2023年第3期9卷 496-508页

作者： Zhenfei Zhu Qingyun Li duncan Kiragu Gichuki Yujun Hou Yuanshuang Liu Huimin Zhou Chen Xu Linchuan Fang Linzhong Gong Beibei Zheng wei Duan Peige Fan Qingfeng wang Haiping Xin Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei430074China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhanHubei430074China Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing100093China Institute of Fruit and Tea Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanHubei430064China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences WuhanHubei430074China

Histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation(H3K27me3) is a histone modification associated with transcriptional repression. However, insights into the genome-wide pattern of H3K27me3 in grapevines are limited. Here, anti-H3K27 chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP), high-throughput sequencing, and transcriptome analysis were performed using leaves of Vitis amurensis. The leaves were treated at 4°C for 2 h and 24 h and used to investigate changes in H3K27me3 under chilling treatment. The results show that H3K27me3 is well-distributed both in gene regions(-50%) and in the intergenic region(-50%) in the grapevine genome(Vitis vinifera ‘Pinot Noir PN40024'). H3K27me3 was found to be localized in8 368 annotated gene regions in all detected samples(leaves at normal temperature and under chilling treatments) and mainly enriched in gene bodies with the adjacent promoter and downstream areas. The short-term chilling treatments(4°C for 2 h) induced 2 793 gains and 305losses in H3K27me3 modification. Subsequently, 97.3% of the alterations were restored to original levels after 24 h treatment. The ChIP-qPCR for five differential peaks showed similar results to the data for ChIP-seq, indicating that the chilling-induced H3K27me3 modification is *** analysis of transcriptome and ChIP-seq results showed that the expression of H3K27me3 target genes was significantly lower than those of non-target genes, indicating transcriptional repression of H3K27me3 in grapevine leaves. Furthermore, histone methylation alterations were detected in 82 genes and were related to either repression or activation of their expression during chilling stress. The findings provide the genome-wide H3K27me3 patterns in grapevines and shed light on uncovering its regulation in chilling stress responses.

关键词： Vitis amurensis Histone modification H3K27me3 Chilling stress

Assessment of Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) on Plant Available water (PAw) in Dry Lands

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Engineering（科研） 2023年第2期15卷 90-105页

作者： Vincent Ng’eno Christian Omuto duncan Mbuge Vitalis Too Department of Environmental and Biosystems Engineering University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

One of the ways of overcoming the cost of irrigation is through in-situ water harvesting at the plant roots. Super absorbent polymer (SAP) can facilitate water harvesting at the plant roots. This study attempted to assess the effect of SAP on plant available water (PAw) of different soils. In this study, SAP was sequentially added at the rate of 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.5% of the soil weight and its impact assessed in clay, sandy clay and sandy loam soils. The moisture retention characteristics of the original and SAP treated soils were studied using soil water retention curves (SwRC) and results modelled using Gardner model. PAw was estimated from SwRC as the difference between moisture content at 1.5 and 3 bar in all soils. The difference in PAw between original and treated soils was assessed at 5% level of significance. The wRC of all the samples was adequately found to be described by the Gardner model (Coefficient of determination R2 ≥ 98% and residual standard error (RSE) ≤ 0.04). SwRC changed with increase in SAP percentage in clay, sandy clay and sandy loam soils. Clay had a higher change in water retention then sandy clay and lastly sandy loam. Plant available water content (PAw) in all soils increased. In clay soil it increased with increase in SAP from 0.3291 at zero SAP to 0.6223 at 0.5% SAP. Sandy clay soil increased in PAw from 0.2721 at zero SAP to 0.5335 at 0.5% SAP and Sandy loam soils from 0.1691 at zero SAP to 0.3461 at 0.5% SAP. Hence, from the study SAP can be used to conserve irrigation water in the plant roots and therefore reducing the cost since PAw has been increased.

关键词： Plant Available water (PAw) Soil water Retention Curve (SwRC) Soil Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP)

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地震学小史

地球物理学进展 1991年第2期6卷 130-134页

作者： duncan Carr Agnew 谢小碧

虽然对地震产生的原因和影响进行学究式的研究可以追溯到中世纪之前(Needham,1959;Adams,1938),但迟至19世纪末地震学才逐渐成为一门独立的科学,许多进行了深入研究的分枝则起步更晚,有些甚至是20世纪60年代才开始的。本文回顾了地震学... 详细信息

虽然对地震产生的原因和影响进行学究式的研究可以追溯到中世纪之前(Needham,1959;Adams,1938),但迟至19世纪末地震学才逐渐成为一门独立的科学,许多进行了深入研究的分枝则起步更晚,有些甚至是20世纪60年代才开始的。本文回顾了地震学中不同分枝的发展,同时试图阐明它们是如何以及为什么发展成今天这样的。我们不准备讨论地震学中的所有重要结果,也不想考证谁对特定的概念做了最初的陈述;对此Stoneley(1967)已进行过类似的考察。

关键词：地震学家地震大小地震图仪器记录地球结构地震仪器等震线图小史弹性回跳理论地方震