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Projected Changes in the Climate Zoning of Côte d’Ivoire

Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 62-84页

作者： Mamadou Diarrassouba Adama Diawara Assi Louis Martial Yapo Benjamin Komenan Kouassi Fidèle Yoroba Kouakou Kouadio dro tour. tiemoko Dianikoura Ibrahim Koné Arona Diedhiou Laboratory of Sciences Matter Environment and Solar Energy (LASMES) University Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Geophysical Station of Lamto (GSL) N’douci C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Physics University Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institut National Polytechnique (INP) Grenoble France African Centre of Excellence on Climate Change Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture (ACE-CCBAD)/University Felix Houphou&#235t-Boigny (UFHB) Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

This study assesses the projected changes in the climate zoning of Côte d’Ivoire using the hierarchical classification of principal components (HCPC) method applied to the daily precipitation data of an ensemble of 14 CORDEX-AFRICA simulations under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. The results indicate the existence of three climate zones in Côte d’Ivoire (the coastal, the centre and the north) over the historical period (1981-2005). Moreover, CORDEX simulations project an extension of the surface area of drier climatic zones while a reduction of wetter zones, associated with the appearance of an intermediate climate zone with surface area varying from 77,560 km2 to 134,960 km2 depending on the period and the scenario. These results highlight the potential impacts of climate change on the delimitation of the climate zones of Côte d’Ivoire under the greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Thus, there is a reduction in the surface areas suitable for the production of cash crops such as cocoa and coffee. This could hinder the country’s economy and development, mainly based on these cash crops.

关键词： Climate Projection Climate Zone Principal Component Analysis Hierarchical Classification on Principal Components CORDEX Côte d’Ivoire

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Experimental Study and Thermal Modelling of Cocoa Shell Convective Drying in an Indirect Solar Dryer

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Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science 2024年第2期14卷 69-78页

作者： Siaka tour. Adjo Christelle Ogo Modibo Sidibé Solar Energy Laboratory FHB University of Cocody Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

The concern of the present work is the convective drying of empty cocoa shells in an indirect solar dryer. Some drying experiments, using one sample, were carried out. During the experiments, the sample is introduced in the drying chamber. Then at steady time intervals, the sample is withdrawn from the drying chamber, for a rapid weighing. After each weighing, the sample is reintroduced in the dryer. At each time interval, the ambient temperature of the drying chamber and its relative humidity γ are measured by a thermo-hygrometer. From the experimental data, a theoretical determination of the moisture evaporated from the product was performed and a good agreement was found between the theoretical and experimental values, confirmed by the value of the RMSE. Those calculations used the constants in the Nusselt number found in literature. Then those constants were evaluated again, to get new values more suitable with the experimental data. The dimensionless numbers of Nusselt, Grashof and Prandtl were calculated. That allowed the calculation of the average value of the Nusselt number. The average convective heat transfer coefficient was determined.

关键词： Shells of Cocoa Pods Indirect Solar Dryer Moisture Evaporated Constants of the Nusselt Number Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient

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Experimental Investigation of the Stability of the Performance Characteristics of a Photovoltaic Module in the Face of Environmental and Meteorological Factors

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 589-608页

作者： Adingra Paul Arsène Kouassi Siaka tour. Diakaridja Traoré Laboratoire des Sciences de la Matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire (LASMES) Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences des Structures de la Matière et Technologie (UFR-SSMT) Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

The explosive technological improvement of photovoltaic systems as well as the necessity of populations to come to less expensive energy sources, that have led to an implosion at the level of solar panel manufacturers. This causes a large flow of these equipments to developing countries where the need is high, without any quality control. That conducted an experimental investigation on the performance characteristics of a 250 wp monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module in other to check the verification and quality control. Most of these PV panels which often have missing informations are manufactured and tested in places that are inadequate for our environmental and meteorological conditions. Also, their influences on the stability of internal parameters were evaluated in order to optimize their performance. The results obtained at maximum illumination (1000 w/m2) confirmed those produced by the manufacturer. The analysis of these characteristics showed that the illumination and the temperature (meteorological factors) influenced at most the stability of the internal characteristics of the module in the sense that the maximum power increased very rapidly beyond 750 w/m2 but a degradation of performance was accentuated for a temperature of the solar cells exceeding 50°C. The degradation coefficients were evaluated at -0.0864 V/°C for the voltage and at -1.6248 w/°C for the power. The 10° inclination angle of the solar panel proved to be ideal for optimizing overall efficiency in practical situations.

关键词： Renewables Energies Instruments Internal Parameters of Photovoltaic Panel Monocrystalline Photovoltaic Panel Solar Energy Production Energy Intermittence

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The Importance of Uterine Tumors in the Day-to-Day Practice of the General Surgery Department of Ignace Deen National Hospital

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第7期14卷 1003-1009页

作者： Mamadou Sakoba Barry Mariama Camara Aissatou Taran Diallo Aboubacar tour. General Surgery Department Ignace Deen National Hospital/Conakry University Hospital Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Uterine tumors are all abnormal cell proliferations developed at the expense of one or more tissue types, which may be located in any uterine segment and have anatomopathological characteristics of benignity or malignancy. The aim of this study was to report on the management of uterine tumors in the general surgery department of Ignace Deen Hospital in Conakry. Methodology: This was a retrospective study lasting five (5) years, from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2015: All complete records of patients with the diagnosis of a uterine tumor managed in the department were included. Our results are presented in tables and figures. Results: 3200 patients underwent surgery. Among them, 82 cases concerned uterine tumors, i.e. 2% of the department’s overall activity. The average age of our patients was 38.5 years, with extremes of 18 and 59 years. The age group most affected was 41 - 50, with a rate of 39.02%. Housewives and married civil servants were the socio-professional strata most affected, with a predominance of married women. We estimated an increasing proportion of patients admitted to the department during the study period, proving that our study site plays a significant role in the management of uterine tumors. Conclusion: The management of uterine tumors is a major public health problem. Information, communication and education of all socio-professional groups seem necessary.

关键词： Uterine Tumors Management Conakry University Hospital

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Vulvectomy: Indications and Results in the General Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen Chu Hospital in Conakry

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 560-564页

作者： Camara Mariama Barry Mamadou Sakoba Yattara Abdoulaye tour. Aboubacar Department of General Surgery H&#244pital National Ignace Deen Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: The aim of this study was to report the indications and evaluate the results of vulvectomy in the general surgery department of Ignace Deen Hospital, CHU Conakry. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study, conducted over a period of five (05) years from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022, in the general surgery department of Ignace Deen Hospital, CHU Conakry. We included in our study all patient records in whom vulvectomy was performed. Results: We recorded 15 cases of vulvectomy out of 453 perineal surgeries, i.e. 3.31%, with a mean age of 43.56 years and extremes of 35 and 69 years. Vulvar cancer was the most common diagnosis (46.67%), followed by Buschke-Lowenstein (33.33%) and anal canal cancer extending to the vulva (20%). Six patients had undergone biopsy (40%). Vulvectomy with lymph node dissection was performed in only 9 patients (60%), and all surgical specimens were sent to anatomical pathology (100%). Conclusion: Vulvectomy is a surgical technique most often indicated for the treatment of vulvar cancer.

关键词： Vulvectomy Indications Results Ignace Deen Conakry University Hospital

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Splenectomy: Indications in the General Surgery Department of Ignace Deen Hospital

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Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 219-224页

作者： Mamadou Sakoba Barry Boubacar Barry Sandaly Diakité Aboubacar tour. Aissatou Taran Diallo General Surgery Department Ignace Deen National Hospital at Conakry University Hospital Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: Splenectomy is the surgical removal of the spleen. It can be performed during various pathologies, ranging from abdominal trauma to hemoglobinopathies. The progress made in the knowledge of the immune functions of the spleen and the fear of post-splenectomy infectious complications have favored the development of surgical or non-surgical splenic preservation techniques calling into question the dogma of splenectomy. The aim of this study was to determine the indications for splenectomy. Methodology: This was a retrospective, descriptive study lasting 5 years in the general surgery department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital. All files of splenectomized patients were included, our variables were clinical, therapeutic and progressive. Results: We collected 42 cases of splenectomies out of the 2478 surgical procedures performed, representing 1.7% of the department’s surgical activities. The average age was 44 years. The age group of 41 to 50 years was the most represented, i.e. 26% (n = 11) of cases. Sex ratio = 1. Abdominal pain was the reason for consultation in patients, i.e. 100% (n = 42) of cases. The antecedents were dominated by recurrent malaria with 52.3% (n = 22) of cases, then recurrent anemia in 21% (n = 9), and 16.7% (n = 7) had sickle cell disease. Splenomegaly was found in 31 patients, or 73.6%. Ultrasound was performed in all patients. The indications for splenectomy were: isolated splenomegaly with risk of rupture (38%, n = 16), hypersplenism (26%, n = 11) and trauma to the spleen (19.04%, n = 8). Total splenectomy was performed in all cases. The surgical consequences were favorable in 85.7%, (n = 36) with morbidity of 14% (n = 6) and mortality of 9.52% (n = 4). The average length of hospitalization was 10.4 days with extremes of 1 and 22 days. Conclusion: Splenectomy constitutes a relatively common surgical procedure in our context. The indications for splenectomy were isolated splenomegaly with risk of rupture, hypersplenism and tra

关键词： Splenectomy Indications Ignace Deen

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Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancy: Epidemiology and Management in the General Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry University Hospital

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第4期14卷 503-508页

作者： Barry Mamadou Sakoba Barry Boubacar Guirassy Mariam tour. Aboubacar Diallo Aissatou Taran Department of General Surgery Ignace Deen National Hospital/Conakry University Hospital Conakry Guinea Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Introduction: The aim of this study was to contribute to improving the quality of GEUR management in the general surgery department and in the maternity ward of the Ignace Deen national hospital, Conakry University Hospital. Methodology: This was a retrospective, descriptive study lasting two years (January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022), carried out in the general surgery and gyneco-obstetrics departments of the Ignace Deen national hospital, Conakry University Hospital. We included all patients with a ruptured ectopic pregnancy who received surgical treatment during the study period. Results: We collected 13,524 cases of surgical interventions in the two services, among them, we recorded 89 cases or 0.66% GEUR. The average age of the patients was 24.26 years. Brides were the most represented with 80.96% of cases. Women practicing a liberal profession were 51.69% (n = 46) and housewives 26.97% (n = 24). Clinically, amenorrhea was noted in all patients, i.e. 100%, abdominal-pelvic pain in 95.2% (n = 85) of cases, metrorrhagia in 94.08% (n = 84), abdominal-pelvic sensitivity in 97.44% (n = 87) of cases and anemia in 85.39% of cases. The GEUR was ampullary in 69.66% (n = 62) cases. Salpingectomy was performed in 90.72% (n = 81). The surgical outcomes were satisfactory in 98.87% (n = 88) of cases. We recorded one case of surgical site infection. We have not recorded any deaths. The average length of hospitalization was 4 days. Conclusion: GEUR is relatively high in our context. A good understanding of the prognostic factors of GEUR, awareness and family planning could reduce GEUR.

关键词： Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancy Epidemiology and Management

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Physicochemical and Biochemical Characterization, Total Phenolic and Energy Value from Bulbs of Different Onion (Allium cepa L.) Varieties in Senegal

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 129-139页

作者： Ndeye Adiara Ndiaye Lahat Niang Modou Dieng Ndeye Coumba Kane tour. Laboratory of Microbiology Graduate School Polytechnique (ESP)-UCAD Dakar Senegal Water Energy Environment and Industrial Processes Laboratory (LE3PI) Graduate School Polytechnique (ESP)-UCAD Dakar Senegal University Sine Saloum El Hadj Ibrahima Niass (USSEIN) Kaolack Senegal

The purpose of this study is to investigate the physicochemical properties of some local varieties of onion (Allium cepa L.) and compare them with an imported variety, all collected in May 2021. Proteins, reducing sugars, lipids, and polyphenol content were estimated according to the AFNOR standardized methods. The determination of calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium, potassium and phosphorus was performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer coupled with a CCD detector. The results highlighted an average acidity of 0.377% ± 0.002% lower than the value of the imported variety which is 0.520% ± 0.001%. Local varieties have a pH ranging from 6.35 ± 0.003 to 6.42 ± 0.004, while the variety has a pH of 6.36 ± 0.003. The ash and dry matter contents vary respectively from 4.788% ± 0.004% to 8.253% ± 0.003% and 7.945% ± 0.021% to 11.945% ± 0.007% for the local varieties. Moreover, the imported one has ash and dry matter contents of 5.175% ± 0.007% and 10.035% ± 0.021% respectively. The results show that the protein, reducing sugar and lipid contents in the local onion varieties vary respectively from 2.815 ± 0.000 to 15.634 ± 0.001 g·100 g-1;4.691 ± 0.001 to 12.596 ± 0.002 g·100 g-1 and 0.006 ± 0.001 to 0.050 ± 0.057 g·100 g-1. Furthermore, the imported variety has a protein, reducing sugar and lipid content of 5.649 ± 0.002;8.565 ± 0.002 g·100 g-1 and 0.011 ± 0.010 g·100 g-1 respectively. The maximum levels of total polyphenols are obtained in the imported variety, Bellani and Gandiol, respectively 9.973 ± 0.001, 4.535 ± 0.002, and 3.425 ± 0.006 mg EAG/g of dry matter. The local varieties have a significant calorific intake of between 35.451 ± 0.001 and 112.980 ± 0.003 kcal·100 g-1 compared to the imported one with an energy value of 56.953 ± 0.001 kcal·100 g-1 of dry matter. The bulbs of different onion varieties studied have a fairly high content of mineral elements. The potassium content of loc

关键词： Allium cepa L. Characterization Physicochemical Biochemistry Total Phenolic

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Thyroidectomy: Frequency and Indications in the General Surgery Department of the Hôpital National Ignace Deen/CHU de Conakry

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第3期13卷 157-167页

作者： Mamadou Sakoba Barry Mamadou Mouctar Ramata Diallo Houssein Fofana Vignin Baudouin Kpossou Boubacar Barry Aboubacar tour. Aissatou Taran Diallo General Surgery Department H&#244pital National Ignace Deen/CHU de Conakry Conakry Guinea Faculté des Sciences and Techniques de la Sant&#233-Universit&#233 Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinea ENT Department Mamou Regional Hospital Mamou Guinea

Introduction: Thyroidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove all or part of the thyroid gland. The aim of this study was to report the results of thyroidectomy in the general surgery department of the Hôpital national Ignace Deen/CHU de Conakry. Methodology: This was a retrospective study, of seven (07) years (January 1, 2016 - August 31, 2023), in the General Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital-CHU in Conakry. We included all records of patients admitted and operated on for thyroidectomy and with up-to-date medical records. The variables were epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic. Results: During the study period, we recorded 3221 cases of surgery, including 40 thyroidectomies (1.24% of cases). The average age was 42.4 years. Women were the most represented, with a sex ratio of 0.16. The reason for consultation was anterior cervical swelling in 86% (n = 25) of cases, followed by signs of cervical compression 21% (n = 6) and signs of thyrotoxicosis 31% (n = 9). Indications for thyroidectomy were dominated by homogeneous goitres in 69% (n = 20) of cases, basedow’s disease in 20.7% (n = 6) and nodular goitres in 6.9% (n = 2) of cases. The surgical procedures were lobo-isthmectomies in 72.4% (n = 21), subtotal thyroidectomies 13.8% (n = 4), total thyroidectomies 10.3% (n = 3). Postoperative follow-up was straightforward in 69% (n = 20). Complications included haemorrhage in 20.7% (n = 6) and recurrence in 6.9% (n = 2). The average hospital stay was 7 days. Conclusion: Thyroidectomy is a relatively frequent surgical procedure in our department. Indications are dominated by homogeneous goitres. Morbidity is related to hemorrhage. Rigorous hemostasis could improve the quality of thyroidectomy.

关键词： Thyroidectomy Indication Ignace Deen

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Assessment of Some Secondary Metabolites, Minerals and Alcohol Content of Noni Juice Obtained by Fermentation of Morinda citrifolia L. Fruit from Senegal

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 577-588页

作者： Ndèye Adiara Ndiaye Mame Ndew Mbaye Lahat Niang Modou Dieng Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou Ndeye Coumba Kane tour. Laboratory of Microbiology Graduate School Polytechnique (ESP)-UCAD Dakar Senegal Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Biology Graduate School Polytechnique (ESP)-UCAD Dakar Senegal Water Energy Environment and Industrial Processes Laboratory (LE3PI) Graduate School Polytechnique (ESP)-UCAD Dakar Senegal University Sine Saloum El Hadj Ibrahima Niass (USSEIN) Kaolack Senegal

The fruit of Morinda citrifolia L., commonly known as noni, has an extensive history of use as a food and traditional medicine around the world. Adding value to Morinda citrifolia L. products, particularly the fruit, could be one way of building resilience in vulnerable farming households. The aim of this study was to determine the secondary metabolite and mineral composition of noni juice obtained by fermenting the fruit of Morinda citrifolia L. Fruits were collected in August 2022 from the local field in Thiès region, West of Senegal. Extraction yields were determined and the secondary metabolites were determined using conventional analytical methods. Calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium and potassium were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer coupled with a CCD detector. The results show that an average fruit mass (503.2 ± 110.96 g) consists of 171.44 ± 50.01 g pulp and 34.06 ± 10.35 g seeds. The traditional extraction yield of noni juice is 16.46% after three weeks of fermentation. The contents of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins obtained in noni are 608.97 ± 4.53 mg EAG/100mL, 7.78 ± 0.01 mg EQ/100mL and 0.191 ± 0.01 mg EC/100mL respectively. The ethanol content of noni varies from 3.57 to 5.23 mL/100mL during extraction. Noni has a high calcium content with a concentration of 383.79 ± 33.23 mg/L. This is followed by a good concentration of magnesium, potassium and sodium, at 278.47 ± 26.30, 187.43 ± 10.7 and 155.95 ± 28.66 mg/L respectively. Noni also has an iron content of 202.15 ± 0.05 mg/L.

关键词： Morinda citrifolia L. Juice Alcohol Total Phenols Flavonoids Tannins Minerals

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