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Evaluating a school based childhood obesity intervention for posture and comfort

Health 2013年第8期5卷 54-60页

作者： Mark Benden Adam Pickens Eva Shipp Jase Perry drew Schneider Texas A & M Health Science Center College Station USA

Background: Research shows that students who are more active throughout the day have fewer reports of body part discomfort and greater energy expenditure needed to combat childhood obesity. Many factors may contribute to the overall health of the child, including the postures that are required to complete assigned tasks at their school workstations. Decreasing sedentary behaviors in children through the use of standing desks at school has been shown to increase calorie expenditure and may be a viable approach to the energy imbalance typical of modern children. The objective of this research was to quantify and analyze sub-optimal postures and self-reported discomfort of students during the use of traditional seated and stand-biased desks to determine whether any unintended consequences of the intervention were present. Methods: A postural analysis based on the Portable Ergonomic Observation (PEO) method was used to assess the posture of 42 elementary school students as they worked at their assigned workstation (either standing or seated). Two classrooms contained stand-biased workstations (15 students) and two classrooms had traditional seated workstations (27 students). Each student was assessed three times at 10 minutes, for a total of 30 minutes of observations each. The percent of time spent in preferred versus non-preferred postures was then computed. Student body part discomfort surveys were used to assess the discomfort of students between the two groups. The relationship between type of workstation and percent time in non-preferred postures and body discomfort was examined using Wilcoxon ranksum tests and Fisher’s exact tests, respectively. The significance level was p ≤ 0.05 for all of the two-sided tests. Results: No significant difference was found between the two groups and time spent in non-preferred postures and body discomfort, children using stand-biased workstations reported less discomfort overall. Stand-biased desks presented no additional ergonom

关键词： Childhood Obesity Elementary Health Ergonomics Stand-Biased Posture

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Windows 2000网络服务

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2002年

作者：（美）drew Heywood 王奇睿陈文飞译

本书介绍了Windows 2000网络服务的基础知识，路由和远程访问服务，Windows 2000网络服务的安全问题，Windows 2000网络服务与非Windows环境的协作等内容。

ISBN: (数字)7115102716

ISBN: (纸本)7115102716

本书介绍了Windows 2000网络服务的基础知识，路由和远程访问服务，Windows 2000网络服务的安全问题，Windows 2000网络服务与非Windows环境的协作等内容。

关键词：窗口软件网络服务器

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Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of Phlomoides(Lamiaceae subfamily Lamioideae)in China:Insights from molecular and morphological data

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 462-475页

作者： Yue Zhao Ya-Ping Chen Bryan T.drew Fei Zhao Maryam Almasi Orzimat T.Turginov Jin-Fei Xiao Abdul G.Karimi Yasaman Salmaki Xiang-Qin Yu Chun-Lei Xiang CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau&Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology School of Ecology and EnvironmentInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010000Inner MongoliaChina Department of Biology University of Nebraska at KearneyKearneyNE 68849USA CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu Institute of BiologyChengdu 610042SichuanChina Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms Department of Plant ScienceCollege of ScienceUniversity of TehranP.O.Box 14155-6455TehranIran Institute of Botany Academy of Sciences of the Republic of UzbekistanTashkent 100047Uzbekistan Faculty of Biology Department of Botany and Plant PhysiologyNational University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo UlugbekTashkent 100174Uzbekistan Faculty of Pharmacy Kabul University1006 KabulAfghanistan

Phlomoides,with 150-170 species,is the second largest and perhaps most taxonomically challenging genus within the subfamily Lamioideae(Lamiaceae).With about 60 species,China is one of three major biodiversity centers of *** some Phlomoides species from China have been included in previous molecular phylogenetic studies,a robust and broad phylogeny of this lineage has yet to be ***,given the myriad new additions to the genus,the existing infrageneric classification needs to be evaluated and ***,we combine molecular and morphological data to investigate relationships within Phlomoides,with a focus on Chinese *** observed that plastid DNA sequences can resolve relationships within Phlomoides better than nuclear ribosomal internal and external transcribed spacer regions(nrITS and nrETS).Molecular phylogenetic analyses confirm the monophyly of Phlomoides,but most previously defined infrageneric groups are not *** addition,morphological analysis demonstrates the significant taxonomic value of eight characters to the *** on our molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological data,we establish a novel section Notochaete within Phlomoides,and propose three new combinations as well as three new *** study presents the first molecular phylogenetic analyses of Phlomoides in which taxa representative of the entire genus are included,and highlights the phylogenetic and taxonomic value of several morphological characters from species of Phlomoides from *** study suggests that a taxonomic revision and reclassification for the entire genus is necessary in the future.

关键词： Lamioideae Molecular phylogenetics Morphology Phlomideae Taxonomy

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Cover Crop and Irrigation Effects on Soil Microbial Communities and Enzymes in Semiarid Agroecosystems of the Central Great Plains of North America

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Pedosphere 2016年第2期26卷 192-205页

作者： Francisco J. CALDERON David NIELSEN Veronica ACOSTA-MARTINEZ Merle F. VIGIL drew LYON USDA-ARS Central Great Plains Research Station Akron CO 80720 USA USDA-ARS Cropping Systems Research Laboratory Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Unit Lubbock TX 79415 USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-6420 USA

Cover crops can have beneficial effects on soil microbiology by increasing carbon （C） supply, but these beneficial effects can be modulated by precipitation conditions. The objective of this study was to compare a fallow-winter wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） rotation to several cover crop-winter wheat rotations under rainfed and irrigated conditions in the semiarid US High Plains. Experiments were carried out at two sites, Sidney in Nebraska, and Akron in Colorado, USA, with three times of soil sampling in 2012--2013 at cover crop termination, wheat planting, and wheat maturity. The experiments included four single-species cover crops, a 10-species mixture, and a fallow treatment. The variables measured were soil C and nitrogen （N）, soil community structure by fatty acid methyl ester （FAME） profiles, and soil β-glucosidase,β-glucosaminidase, and phosphodiesterase activities. The fallow treatment, devoid of living plants, reduced the concentrations of most FAMEs at cover crop termination. The total FAME concentration was correlated with cover crop biomass （R = 0.62 at Sidney and 0.44 at Akron）. By the time of wheat planting, there was a beneficial effect of irrigation, which caused an increase in myeorrhizal and protozoan markers. At wheat maturity, the cover crop and irrigation effects on soil FAMEs had subsided, but irrigation had a positive effect on the β-glucosidase and phosphodiesterase activities at Akron, which was the drier of the two sites. Cover crops and irrigation were slow to impact soil C concentration. Our results show that cover crops had a short-lived effect on soil microbial communities in semiarid wheat-based rotations and irrigation could enhance soil enzyme activity. In the semiarid environment, longer time spans may have been needed to see beneficial effects of cover crops on soil microbial community structure, soil enzyme activities, and soil C sequestration.

关键词： crop rotation enzyme activity FAME profile fatty acid methyl ester winter wheat

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Reflection Loss is a Parameter for Film,not Material

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Non-Metallic Material Science 2023年第1期5卷 38-48页

作者： Ying Liu Xiangbin Yin Michael G.B.drew Yue Liu College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyang110034China School of Chemistry The University of ReadingWhiteknightsReadingRG66ADUK

In studies of microwave absorption in the current literature,theories such as reflection loss,impedance matching,the delta function,and the quarter-wavelength model have been inappropriately *** shown in this case stu... 详细信息

关键词： Microwave absorption Reflection loss Impedance matching Input impedance

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Single-chain variable fragment antibody constructs neutralize measles virus infection in vitro and in vivo

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第7期18卷 1835-1837页

作者： Cyrille Mathieu Marion Ferren Olivia Harder Francesca TBovier Tara CMarcink Camilla Predella Fabrizio Angius Jennifer drew-Bear NValerio Dorrello Alex LGreninger Anne Moscona Stefan Niewiesk Branka Horvat Matteo Porotto Center for Host-Pathogen Interaction Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNYUSA Department of Pediatrics Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNYUSA CIRI Centre International de Recherche en InfectiologieTeam IBIVUniv LyonInsermU1111UniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSUMR5308ENS de LyonF-69007LyonFrance Department of Veterinary Biosciences College of Veterinary MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA epartment of Experimental Medicine UniversitàVanvitelliCasertaItaly Department of Laboratory Medicine University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWAUSA Department of Microbiology&Immunology Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNYUSA Department of Physiology&Cellular Biophysics Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNYUSA

Despite the availability of an effective measles virus(MeV)vaccine and efforts to increase vaccine coverage by the WHO,UNICEF,and their partners,MeV has not been eradicated,and the estimated global measles death rose from 89,780 in 2016 to 207,500 in 2019.1 Because there is an effective measles vaccine,antiviral development for measles has not been prioritized,but recent outbreaks have highlighted the need for drugs to prevent transmission in unvaccinated populations and to protect and treat immunocompromised *** identified several neutralizing mouse monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)that target the MeV fusion(F)protein in its prefusion state2 and inhibit fusion and viral *** engineered a single-chain variable fragment(scFv)from the most potent anti-MeV F *** scFv retains the ability to inhibit fusion and prevents infection in vitro,and intranasal administration of the scFv antibody construct prevents infection in vivo.

关键词： neutral priori UNICEF

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家的感觉（英文）

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大学英语 2018年第10期 15-20页

作者： drew Kunz 不详

'There’s no place like home' is a popular expression in ***, it means that there is nowhere in the world quite so special as the place that one calls home.I’m sure that this is a sentiment with which most of my stud... 详细信息

关键词：家感觉

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布兰南街888号

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建筑实践 2018年第5期 90-95页

作者： drew Kelly Gensler

布兰南街888号就像是一面镜子,折射旧金山市场南街区的变迁。无论是形态还是功能,这座历史建筑都"旧貌换新颜",以适应街区身份的变换。布兰南街888号始建于1917年,经历过数次翻新和扩建。设计团队面临的挑战是,如何将充满时代感的建筑... 详细信息

布兰南街888号就像是一面镜子,折射旧金山市场南街区的变迁。无论是形态还是功能,这座历史建筑都"旧貌换新颜",以适应街区身份的变换。布兰南街888号始建于1917年,经历过数次翻新和扩建。设计团队面临的挑战是,如何将充满时代感的建筑风格与审美的时代变化完美融合在一起,打造一个能够服务于租户和社区的理想所在。客户的目标是重新构想布兰南街888号的身份和潜力,以满足快速增长的科技市场的需求,同时保留珠宝首饰礼品中心年代久远的装置和设备,尊重这座建筑的

关键词：设计团队

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Possible Chemosensitizing and Potent Anticancer Effects of D-Fraction in Combination with Vitamin C on Three Prevalent Urologic Cancer Cells

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第14期5卷 1402-1411页

作者： drew Freilich Eric Moskowitz Nicholas Feuer Muhammad Choudhury John Phillips Sensuke Konno Department of Urology New York Medical College Valhalla USA

Chemotherapy is currently one of the most common therapeutic options for cancer patients despite the poor efficacy with considerable side effects. We then examined if D-fraction (DF), a bioactive mushroom extract, could potentiate (poor) anticancer effects of those drugs?in vitro. Three urologic cancers, prostate, bladder, and kidney cancers, were tested with various chemotherapeutic drugs and their combinations with DF. Compared to individual drugs alone, combinations of drugs and DF have improved anticancer activity, resulting in the significant (P < 0.05) cell viability reduction in all three cancer cells. As vitamin C (VC) has been postulated to potentiate the bioactivity of DF, this possibility was also examined. The specific combination of DF (300 μg/ml) and VC (200 μM) indeed led to the drastic (≥90%) viability reductions in all three cancer cells. To have a better understanding of such a profound viability reduction, the effect of DF/VC combination on cell cycle was examined next. Cell cycle analysis indicated that this combination induced a G1cell cycle arrest, which was also confirmed by the down-regulation of specific cell cycle regulators (CDK2, CDK4, and cyclin D1) detected on western blots. Moreover, it was crucial to address if the DF/VC-induced viability reduction could be also linked to apoptosis. Western blot analysis revealed that anti-apoptotic bcl-2 was down-regulated while pro-apoptotic Bax was up-regulated with DF/VC combination in all cancer cells, indicating induction of apoptosis. Therefore, the DF/VC combination could ultimately induce apoptosis, accounting for the severe cell viability reduction. In conclusion, DF appears to be a promising agent with chemosensitizing effect, enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs, and its combination with VC exhibits a potent anticancer effect, which is far superior to any combinations of drugs and DF tested in three prevalent urologic cancer cells.

关键词： Mushroom Extract Chemosensitizing Effect Anticancer Effect Combination Therapy Urologic Cancers

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Effects of Aggregate Extraction on Water Storage in the Pepin Creek Watershed, British Columbia, Canada

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Natural Resources 2017年第7期8卷 461-477页

作者： Yining Wang Julie E. Wilson drew Brayshaw Les M. Lavkulich Master of Land and Water Systems Faculty of Land and Food Systems The University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada Statlu Environmental Consulting Ltd. Chilliwack Canada

Aggregate extraction in the Lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada, has affected the soil water storage of the Pepin Creek watershed. Although local government has set regulations for aggregate extraction projects to avoid negative environmental impacts, the gradual loss of soil materials and associated changes in vegetative cover has led to an alteration of the water balance within the watershed, which may affect surface or groundwater levels, and aquatic habitats. The study assessed the effects of aggregate extraction on the water storage of the Pepin Creek watershed and estimated that 25% of the surface area of the Canadian portion of the watershed has been affected by aggregate mining with an estimated loss of water storage of 10%. Evapotranspiration has decreased as a result of the removal of the vegetative cover. Precipitation has remained relatively constant over the study period but the annual discharge measured at Pepin Creek has decreased. Recommendations for enhancing environmental monitoring to better measure and understand ecological functions of the watershed during aggregate extraction are provided.

关键词： Soil Water Storage Aggregate Extraction Water Balance Watershed Storage

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