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Distribution of Atmospheric Pollution in Southern Benin

Open Journal of Air Pollution 2024年第1期13卷 23-55页

作者： Dossou-Gbete Sèdami Codjo Joël Kpadonou Dominique Gbaguidi An Magloire Elegbede Vitalique Saizonou Kpèssou Virtus Mickael Youssao Abdou Karim Alassane dovonon firmin léonce Vodounnon Armand Doctoral School of Exact and Applied Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Ecotoxicology and Quality Study Research Unit Applied Chemistry Study and Research Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering-Processes (GC-P) Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Africa Synergy Group Plus Cotonou Benin

This study focuses on air quality in southern Benin in order to show public authorities what the Beninese populations are exposed to for efficient decision-making. Two sampling campaigns were carried out, one in the wet period and the other in the dry season. The measurements were taken using a monitor called an “Air Quality Monitor”. For data processing, the multiple comparison methods of Dun (1961) and the Wilcoxon test were used. To maintain legitimacy, all spatial data were included in the official cartographic repository of Benin: WGS 1984, Transverse Mercator Universe Projection (UTM), Zone 31 North. The Moran statistic was used to measure the levels of spatial autocorrelation of the variables studied and to test the significance. In order to locate the spatial subsets, the local spatial association indices of Anselin local Moran and Getis-Ord, Gi* were used. In terms of results, on the 13 monitoring sites and the 8 parameters chosen to determine air quality, we do not note any significant inter-seasonal difference. Of the eight parameters, only three parameters present spatial autocorrelation leading to predictions of ambient air quality over the entire study area based on the distance separating the points, namely, PM2.5, PM10 and ambient air quality index (AQI). The localities affected by atmospheric pollution in South Benin are located in the south-western part of Benin, headed by Cotonou, which is heavily polluted by CO2, TCOV, PM10 and PM2.5.

关键词： Spatial Distribution Atmospheric Pollutants Southern Benin

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level of Exposure of Populations to Atmospheric Pollution in Southern Benin

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2023年第4期12卷 160-181页

作者： Sèdami Codjo Joël Dossou-Gbete Dominique Kpadonou Gbaguidi Magloire Acakpo Nonvignon Vitalique Elegbede Alassane Youssao Abdou Karim Kpessou Virtus Mickael Saizonou firmin léonce dovonon Doctoral School of Exact and Applied Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Applied Chemistry Study and Research laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering-Processes (GC-P) Ecotoxicology and Quality Study Research Unit Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

This study focuses on monitoring the exposure of populations in South Benin to atmospheric pollution. Thirteen (13) monitoring points were identified where the Air quality measurements were taken using autonomous electronic devices called “Air Quality Monitor”. Calibrated and turned on, the measuring device automatically determines the concentrations of carbon dioxide CO2, Total Organic Compounds, methanal (HCHO), particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10, temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and relative humidity (RH). Per site, air pollution levels are recorded for 5 minutes every 30 minutes from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. After the analyses, it appears that the carbon dioxide CO2 contents vary from 400 to 1444 ppm with an average of 486.80 ± 184.3 ppm, the daily contents of Total Volatile Organic Compounds from 0.01 to 6 .91 mg/m3 with a daily average of 0.36 ± 0.65 mg/m3, aldehydes from 0.005 to 3 mg/m3 with an average of 0.05 ± 0.17 mg/m3, for particulate matter of diameters less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM2.5) pollution levels vary between 5 and 173.8 μg/m3 with an average of 21.5 ± 17.62 μg/m3. On the other hand, for PM10, the contents vary from 5 to 449.6 μg/m3 with an average of 28.17 ± 31.74 μg/m3, the Air Quality Index (AQI) varies from 0, 3 to 243 with an average of 39 ± 33.16. From the results observed, it appears that the south-western part of South Benin is heavily polluted by CO2, Total Volatile Organic Compounds, PM10 and especially PM2.5 with the city of Cotonou at its head, in particular the Red Star crossroads, the Toyota crossroads and the crossroads after the friendship stadium. The impacts of this pollution could be significant on sensitive people such as the elderly, newborns and patients with acute and chronic respiratory illnesses.

关键词： Ambient Air Quality Southern Benin Cotonou Atmospheric Pollution

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Distribution of 26 Metals in the Waters of the Aquatic Ecosystems of the Cotonou Channel and lake Nokoué, Benin

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2023年第2期11卷 13-28页

作者： Alassane Youssao Abdou Karim Acakpo Nonvignon Magloire Gbaguidi Kpessou Martin Vitus Mickael Saizonou léonce firmin dovonon Gabin laly Abdoul Kader Alassane Moussa Emmanuel Azokpota Fabienne Seby Olivier Donard Houénoukpo Henri Soclo Applied Chemistry Study and Research laboratory (lERCA) Ecotoxicology and Quality Study Research Unit (UREEQ) Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi (EPAC/UAC) Cotonou Benin Ultra Trace Analysis Aquitaine (UT2A) Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry Bio-Inorganic and Environment University of Pau and Pays de l’Adour (UPPA) - Multidisciplinary Institute of Research on Environment and Materials (IPREM 12-UMR 5254) Pau France Applied Statistic and Biometry Study Research laboratory FSA University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Metallic elements have various origins: natural and anthropogenic sources as geochemical, marine and atmospheric sources resulting from the fallout of pollutants emitted or dust raised and which are transported by water and air currents. Thus marine, brackish and fresh continental waters may have high metal concentrations. In addition, some essential metals can become toxic above certain concentration values in aquatic environments. The aquatic ecosystems of Cotonou channel and lake Nokoué receive the pollutants charges from the town cities of Cotonou, Abomey-Calavi and town hall of So Ava. The aim of this study is to analyze waters from Eighteen (18) stations identified in the two ecosystems (nine by ecosystem). The concentrations of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd), beryllium (Be), aluminum (Al), strontium (Sr), molybdenum (Mo), silver (Ag), tin (Sn), barium (Ba), platinum (Pt), mercury (Hg), thallium (Tl), lead (Pb), thorium (Th) and uranium (U) were measured after acid digestion of the water samples using the inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The results of the analyses indicate an unequal distribution of metals in the different ecosystems. However, atypical concentrations were observed at some stations of the lake and the channel. Magnesium, calcium and manganese have very high values in lake Nokoué respectively at Ganvié market station GAN_M (2990 ± 105 mg/l), Ganvié center, station GAN_C (4991 ± 177 mg/l) and lake middle station Mlak4 (10662 ± 17.03 μg/l). On the other hand, iron, aluminum and strontium have very high concentrations in the Cotonou Channel respectively at Agbato station AGB (5236 ± 103 and 8289 ± 519 μg/l) and at the estuary station EST (6118 ± 68 μg/l). The concentrations were compared to wells and cborehole waters in sixth neighborhood of Cotonou. We have used statistical

关键词： Metals Water MANOVA R Software Packages Nokoué lake Cotonou Channel

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