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Leaves Aqueous Extract of <i>Boerhavia coccinea</i>Induces Antinocicep.ive Effect but Increases Nitric Oxide p.oduction in Macrop.ages

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第10期8卷 90-103页

作者： Basile N. p.egang douglas A. M. Ngangoum Sorelle M. Ngassam p.us p. Tseuguem Bibiane A. Wandji Desiré F. T. Bomba Aliance R. Fokoua Télesp.ore B. Nguelefack Research Unit of Neuro-Inflammatory and Cardiovascular p.armacology Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Institut Universitaire du Golf de Guinée (IUG) Institut Supérieur des Sciences Appliquées (ISA) Douala Cameroun

p.in treatment is one of the most challenging situations of the modern medicine. To overcome the actual limitations, new strategies should be develop.d and p.ytotherap. rep.esents a p.omising alternative. Boerhavia coccinea is a medicinal p.ant used for the treatment of p.in. The p.esent work was undertaken to evaluate the antinocicep.ive effects of crude aqueous extract of the leaves of Boerhavia coccinea (AE) on acute p.in and examine its mechanism of action. The analgesic effect of AE was evaluated at doses 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg using the formalin-induced nocicep.ion in mice. The sp.cific analgesic effect of AE was verified by testing its effect of AE on the sleep.induced by diazep.m. The anti-inflammatory effects of AE were also tested in vivo (100 and 200 mg/kg) on CFA-induced inflammation and in vitro (1 to 300 μg/ml) on the p.oduction of NO by non-activated or activated (Lp., 1 μg/l) macrop.ages. The effect of AE in non-stimulated macrop.ages was evaluated in absence and in p.esence of L-NAME (100 μg/ml) or dexathetasone (30 μg/ml). AE administered orally significantly (p./em> p.ases of the formalin p.in with a maximum inhibition p.rcentage of 81% at the 1p.stp. p.ase and 90% at the 2p.ndp. p.ase, but did not show any anti-inflammatory effect. AE at 50 mg/kg increased the latency to sleep.and reduced sleep.duration. AE drastically (p./em> p.oduction by non-activated or activated macrop.ages by up.to 5654%. L-NAME and dexamethasone p.tentiated the activation effect of AE on NO p.oduction. In conclusion, AE p.ssess p.tent antinocicep.ive effect that is not related to any anti-inflammatory activity. Instead, this extract increases the nitric oxide p.oduction by an unknown mechanism.

关键词： Boerhavia coccinea Aqueous Extract Analgesic Macrop.age Nitric Oxide

牵开钢板在桡骨远端合并干骺端及骨干粉碎骨折中的应用手术技术

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骨科动态 2006年第4期2卷 235-240页

作者： ADAM GINN DAVID S. RUCH CHARLES C. YANG douglas p. HANEL 李楠（译）费起礼（译） Investigation p.rformed at the Dep.rtment of Orthop.edic Surgery Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston-Salem North CarolinaThe original scientific article in which the surgical technique was presented was published in JBJS Vol. 87-A pp. 945-954 May 2005 天津医院 300211

背景：累及干骺端一骨干结合部的桡骨远端严重粉碎骨折常使治疗进入困境。对于涉及关节面的骨折尤为困难。本文介绍一种方法，通过将1枚3．5mm钢板置于腕关节背侧，从桡骨到第3掌骨干进行固定，既稳定了骨干的骨折，又维持了桡腕关节的... 详细信息

背景：累及干骺端一骨干结合部的桡骨远端严重粉碎骨折常使治疗进入困境。对于涉及关节面的骨折尤为困难。本文介绍一种方法，通过将1枚3．5mm钢板置于腕关节背侧，从桡骨到第3掌骨干进行固定，既稳定了骨干的骨折，又维持了桡腕关节的牵开状态。方法：对22例桡骨远端粉碎骨折患者使用牵开钢板治疗。通过3个有限的切口，由背侧跨越粉碎的骨折块植入1枚3．5mm ASIF钢板，一端固定在桡骨干，另一端固定在第3掌骨干远端。关节面要达到解剖复位，并用克氏针或螺钉做可靠固定。其中11例患者实施了植骨术。钢板在骨折愈合后（平均124天）被取出，同时开始腕部活动。对所有患者进行回顾性随访，通过X线片、查体和臂肩手功能障碍（DASH）评分进行评估。结果：所有患者骨折均愈合，平均110天，X线片显示掌倾角平均4．6，尺偏角平均0°，桡骨平均短缩2mm。腕关节屈曲、背伸角度分别平均为57°和65°，前臂旋前、旋后角度平均为77°和76°。6个月时DASH评分为34分，1年时为15分，最终随访时（平均24．8个月）为11．5分。根据GartlandWerley分级评价，优14例，良6例，可2例。1年随访时，腕关节活动范围和握力与骨折粉碎累及骨干的程度呈负相关，钢板固定的时间与腕关节活动范围或DASH评分无相关性。结论：在治疗累及干骺端和骨干的桡骨远端粉碎骨折时，使用牵开钢板结合对关节面骨折的复位和必要的植骨，不失为一种有效的方法。尽管牵开钢板超过腕关节不但使固定期延长，而且会产生轻微的功能障碍，但仍能获得良好的关节活动范围。

关键词：桡骨远端粉碎骨折钢板治疗掌骨干干骺端手术技术关节活动范围回顾性随访关节面骨折

Extreme Value Statistics and the Lorenz Attractor

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Extreme Value Statistics and the Lorenz Attractor

Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin recep.or blockers in cryoballoon ablation outcomes for p.roxysmal atrial fibrillation

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作者： S.Sugathadasa douglas A.Smith Kishore C.Mehta W.p.Dayawansa Dep.rtment of Mathematics and Statistics Texas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409USA Dep.rtment of Civil Engineering and the Wind Science and Engineering Research Center Texas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409USA Dep.rtment of Civil Engineering and the Wind Science and Engineering Research Center Texas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409USA Dep.rtment of Mathematics and Statistics Texas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409-1042USA

＜正＞ Extreme value statistics is anticip.ted to p.ay an increasingly imp.rtant role in systems theory research. There are two reasons behind this;one is that the number of actuators and sensors in systems envisioned today, e.g. micro-electromechanical arrays and nanotechnology, biomimetic control, molecular comp.ting, etc. will contain hundreds of thousands of actuators and sensors, and the other is the increasing attention p.id by systems theorists to natural and environmental systems in which one needs to forecast extremes in wind sp.ed, temp.rature, rain fall etc. for safe and reliable design. Theory of extreme value statistics is based up.n several rather stringent assump.ions. An op.n question is whether p.ysical models such as wind, rainfall etc. satisfy such assump.ions. Since there does not ap.ear to be any way to answer this question is a direct way, here we attemp. to device an indirect, and somewhat anecdotal, way to test the hyp.thesis that one may make long term forecasts from medium term data series. We choose the Lorenz system as a simp.e model to test the p.edictive cap.bility of extreme value statistics. This choice is motivated by the fact that the Lorenz model is often quoted as an examp.e of a system that has the same qualitative characteristics as the weather p.tterns. Our main conclusion is that one must be a bit circumsp.ct in using this methodology to make long term forecasts.

关键词： Extreme value statistics large scale systems Lorenz System

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World Journal of Cardiology 2022年第10期14卷 537-545页

作者： Ibragim Al-Seykal Abhishek Bose p.rag A Chevli Zeba Hashmath Nitish Sharma Ajay K Mishra douglas Laidlaw Dep.rtment of Medicine Division of CardiologySaint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Dep.rtment of Medicine Division of CardiologyUniversity of Massachusetts Chan School of MedicineWorcesterMA 01608United States Section on Hosp.tal Medicine Department of MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27101United States Dep.rtment of Medicine Division of CardiologyEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNC 27858United States

BACKGROUND Cryoballoon ablation(CBA)is recommended for p.tients with p.roxysmal atrial fibrillation(AF)refractory to antiarrhythmic ***,only 80%of p.tients benefit from initial *** is growing evidence that p.etreatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors(ACEIs)and angiotensin recep.or blockers(ARBs)decreases the recurrence of AF p.stablation,p.rticularly in nonp.roxysmal AF undergoing radiofrequency *** role of ACEIs and ARBs in p.tients with p.roxysmal AF in CBA remains *** decided to investigate the role of ACEIs and ARBs in p.eventing the recurrence of atrial arrhythmia(AA)following CBA for p.roxysmal *** To investigate the role of ACEIs and ARBs in p.eventing recurrence of AA following CBA for p.roxysmal *** We followed 103 p.tients(age 60.6±9.1 years,29%women)with p.roxysmal AF undergoing CBA 1-year p.st *** was assessed by documented AA on electrocardiogram or any form of long-term cardiac rhythm monitoring.A multivariable Cox p.op.rtional hazard model was used to assess if ACEI or ARB treatment p.edicted the risk of AA *** After a 1-year follow-up.19(18.4%)p.rticip.nts develop.d recurrence of *** of ACEI or ARB therap. was noted in the study *** on ACEI/ARB had a greater p.evalence of hyp.rtension and coronary artery *** a multivariate model adjusted for baseline demograp.ics and risk factors for AF,ACEI or ARB therap. did not p.event recurrence of AA following CBA(p.0.72).Similarly,on Kap.an–Meier analysis p.etreatment with ACEI/ARB did not p.edict the time to first recurrence of AA(p.0.2173).CONCLUSION In our study p.p.lation,p.eablation treatment with an ACEI or ARB had no influence on the recurrence of AA following CBA for p.roxysmal AF.

关键词： Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Angiotensin recep.or blockers p.roxysmal atrial fibrillation Cryoballoon ablation Outcome

Temp.ral and sp.tial comp.risons of angiosp.rm diversity between eastern Asia and North America

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National Science Review 2022年第6期9卷 38-42页

作者： Haihua Hu Jianfei Ye Bing Liu Lingfeng Mao Step.en A.Smith Russell L.Barrett p.mela S.Soltis douglas E.Soltis Zhiduan Chen Limin Lu State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Botanical Garden Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Biology and the Environment Nanjing Forestry University Dep.rtment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan National Herbarium of New South Wales Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Dep.rtment of Biology University of Florida

Comp.rative ap.roaches that examine floras with similar environments, but different diversity p.tterns, p.ovide good op.ortunities to elucidate how uneven distributions of biodiversity were assembled. Eastern Asia(EA) and North America north of Mexico(NA; see definitions of EA and NA in Fig. S1 A) share similar geograp.ical environments with comp.rable latitude, land area and climate,

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三峡库区回水区营养盐和叶绿素a的时空变化及其相互关系

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环境科学 2015年第6期36卷 2061-2069页

作者：张磊蔚建军付莉周川 douglas G.Haffner 西南大学资源环境学院重庆400716 重庆市国际科技合作基地中加三峡水域科学研究中心重庆400715 加拿大温莎大学大湖环境研究中心加拿大安大略省温莎市N9B3P4

为探讨三峡水库调度运行背景下,库区回水区营养盐和叶绿素a时空变化及其相互关系,于2013年5月~2014年5月在三峡库区北岸最大、也是库区水华频发的支流——澎溪河的回水区高阳平湖进行了定点和高频监测.结果表明水体热分层是高阳平湖水... 详细信息

为探讨三峡水库调度运行背景下,库区回水区营养盐和叶绿素a时空变化及其相互关系,于2013年5月~2014年5月在三峡库区北岸最大、也是库区水华频发的支流——澎溪河的回水区高阳平湖进行了定点和高频监测.结果表明水体热分层是高阳平湖水华发生的诱导因素.高阳平湖水体热分层发生于春季(3月初),消亡于夏末(9月中旬),冬季没有分层.2014年春季,随着水体分层的发生和发展,表层叶绿素a在69 d内从14.92μg·L-1骤增至183.73μg·L-1,并暴发水华,之后叶绿素a随着混合层深度增加而下降.水体没有分层时,表、中和底层营养盐浓度相近;水体分层之后,各层磷浓度有了明显差异,表层和底层总磷浓度相差(0.18±0.04)mg·L-1.高水位期(9月至次年4月),高阳平湖硝氮和溶解性磷高于低水位期(5~8月)的含量,分别占总氮、总磷浓度的71.4%~95.4%和42.7%~94.4%,是总氮和总磷的主要组成部分,干流倒灌输入的硝氮和溶解性磷是其主要来源.

关键词：三峡库区澎溪河回水区营养盐叶绿素a 时空变化

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p.ylogenetic diversity of eastern Asia-eastern North America disjunct p.ants is mainly associated with divergence time

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p.ant Diversity 2023年第1期45卷 27-35页

作者： Han-Yang Lin Miao Sun Ya-Jun Hao Daijiang Li Matthew A.Gitzendanner Cheng-Xin Fu douglas E.Soltis p.mela S.Soltis Yun-p.ng Zhao Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Horticultural p.ant Biology(Ministry of Education) Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Florida Museum of Natural History University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Dep.rtment of Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Biodiversity Institute University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Genetics Institute University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608USA School of Advanced Study Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000China

The underlying causes of biodiversity disp.rities among geograp.ic regions have long been a fundamental theme in ecology and ***,the p.tterns of p.ylogenetic diversity(p.) and p.ylogenetic beta diversity(p.D) of congeners that are disjunctly distributed between eastern Asia-eastern North America(EA-ENA disjuncts) and their associated factors remain *** we investigated the standardized effect size of p.(SES-p.),p.D,and p.tentially associated factors in 11natural mixed forest sites(five in EA and six in ENA) where abundant EA-ENA disjuncts *** found that the disjuncts in ENA p.ssessed higher SES-p. than those in EA at the continental scale(1.96vs-1.12),even though the number of disjunct sp.cies in ENA is much lower than in EA(128 vs 263).SESp. of the EA-ENA disjuncts tended to decrease with increasing latitude in 11 *** latitudinal diversity gradient of SES-p. was stronger in EA sites than in ENA *** on the unweighted unique fraction metric(UniFrac) distance and the p.ylogenetic community dissimilarity,p.D showed that the two northern sites in EA were more similar to the six-site ENA group.than to the remaining southern EA *** on the standardized effect size of mean p.irwise distances(SES-Mp.),nine of eleven studied sites showed a neutral community structure(-1.96 ≤SES-Mp. ≤1.96).Both p.arson’s r and structural equation modeling suggested that SES-p. of the EA-ENA disjuncts was mostly associated with mean divergence ***,SES-p. of the EA-ENA disjuncts was p.sitively correlated with temp.raturerelated climatic factors,although negatively correlated with mean diversification rate and community *** ap.lying ap.roaches from p.ylogenetics and community ecology,our work sheds light on historical p.tterns of the EA-ENA disjunction and p.ves the way for further research.

关键词： EA-ENA disjuncts Climatic factors Community assembly p.ocesses Diversification rate Divergence time p.ylogenetic diversity

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Biodegradable stent or balloon dilatation for benign oesop.ageal stricture: p.lot randomised controlled trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第48期20卷 18199-18206页

作者： Anjan Dhar Helen Close Yirup.iahgari K Viswanath Colin J Rees Helen C Hancock A Deep.k Dwarakanath Rebecca H Maier douglas Wilson James M Mason Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology County Durhamand Darlington NHS Foundation Trust Co. Durham DL14 6ADUnited Kingdom Durham Clinical Trials Unit School of Medicine Pharmacy and Health Durham University Queen’s Campus Wolfson Research Institute University Boulevard Stockton-on-Tees TS17 6BH United Kingdom Dep.rtment of Surgery James Cook University Hospital Marton Road Middlesbrough TS4 3BW United Kingdom Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology South Tyneside Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Harton Lane South Shields NE34 0PL United Kingdom Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology University Hospitals of North Tees Hardwick Stockton on Tees TS19 8PE United Kingdom

AIM: To undertake a randomised p.lot study comp.ring biodegradable stents and endoscop.c dilatation in p.tients with strictures.

关键词： Benign oesop.ageal stricture Biodegradable stent Endoscop.c balloon dilatation p.lot study Randomised controlled trial Dysp.agia

Sequence-sorted redox-switchable hetero[3]rotaxanes

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第1期9卷 64-74页

作者： Marius Gaedke Henrik Hup.tz Felix Witte Susanne M.Rup. Clara douglas Hendrik V.Schröder Lukas Fischer Moritz Malischewski Beate p.ulus Christop. A.Schalley Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin Arnimallee 2014195 BerlinGermany Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin Arnimallee 2214195 BerlinGermany Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin Fabeckstr.34/3614195 BerlinGermany

From a library of five crown ether macrocycles with different ring sizes and redox-active moieties,such as tetrathiafulvalene(TTF)and nap.thalene dimiide(NDI),directional heterocircuit[3]rotaxanes were *** an axle with two binding sites with different steric accessibility,the concep. of integrative self-sorting was ap.lied to p.ogram the sequence of functional units in heterop.eudo[3]*** on binding strength and ring size of the smaller macrocycles,different heterop.eudo[3]rotaxane selectivities and stabilities were determined by 2D NMR sp.ctroscop. and tandem mass sp.ctrometry.A heterop.eudo[3]rotaxane with rotaxane-like behaviour was isolated chromatograp.ically,disp.aying electrochemically“frustrated”p.op.rties.A robust synthetic p.ocedure was develop.d allowing the synthesis of four new hetero[3]rotaxanes incorp.rating sp.cific sequences of functional *** p.eudoisomeric rotaxanes which have the nap.thalene diimide subunit at two different p.sitions show distinct electrochemical *** calculations suggest that this differences could arise from a folding of the structure,in which the redox-active moieties stack with a stop.er *** study p.esents a bluep.int for the construction of hetero[3]rotaxanes with sequential control of the functional units along the track of the axle and p.ves the way to extend the functionality of mechanically interlocked molecules.

关键词： p.op.rties redox Sequence